1H U) ™ U) 0 +4 in OH P OU ind! YP , aA \ ety) pee th t THE We a ~ bi ei 7 ne ‘— > (tia oi! HUY i} Ceuls sg Px as SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 WASHINGTON, D.C. 1963 MUSEUM Oc) ON) AT) URvA TE Bis TO RY Checklist of the Birds of Thailand HERBERT G. DEIGNAN Research Associate, Smithsonian Institution SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION WASHINGTON, 1963 Publications of the United States National Museum The scientific publications of the United States National Museum include two series, Proceedings of the United States National Museum and United States National Museum Bulletin. In these series are published original articles and monographs dealing with the collections and work of the Museum and setting forth newly acquired facts in the fields of Anthropology, Biology, Geology, History, and Technology. Copies of each publication are distributed to libraries and scientific organizations and to specialists and others interested in the different subjects. The Proceedings, begun in 1878, are intended for the publication, in separate form, of shorter papers. These are gathered in volumes, octavo in size, with the publication date of each paper recorded in the table of contents of the volume. In the Bulletin series, the first of which was issued in 1875, appear longer, separate publications consisting of monographs (occasionally in several parts) and volumes in which are collected works on related subjects. Bulletins are either octavo or quarto in size, depending on the needs of the presentation. Since 1902 papers relating to the botanical collections of the Museum have been published in the Bulletin series under the heading Contributions from the United States National Herbarium. FRANK A. TAYLOR, Director, United States National Museum Uniren States GovERNMENT PrintiING Orrice, WASHINGTON, 1963 —— ee ee ee ee eee For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C., 20402 - Price $1.25 IV Contents Page PTT AO CAUTION peers ey Re ed SR ey VII EMSIRS TATA. ne 88 AOA 2 Has Oe A Ix Beste Amand res eho ees eer eee ty eee eS ae 3 ee RS PE eine ne a ene ete Se nes ee eS Lee ee 221 V Introduction The late Count Nils Gyldenstolpe, of Sweden, was the author of the only previously published and theoretically complete checklist of the birds of Thailand. His ““A Nominal List of the Birds at Present Known to Inhabit Siam” (Ibis, 1920, pp. 446-496, 569-607, 735-780) gave the names of 732 forms, of which some were only dubiously to be considered Siamese. The present list includes the names of 1,173 birds and is complete so far as the avifauna of Thailand is known at this date (1962). For information on the Siamese collections in their care and, often, for the privilege of personal examination of important specimens, I owe thanks to literally dozens of museums in America, Europe, and Asia, and to members of their ornithological staffs. Special gratitude is due Mrs. B. P. Hall, of the British Museum (Natural History), London, who painstakingly recorded for me the data for the entire extensive collection of Siamese birds presented the Museum by the late Sir Walter J. F. Williamson, C.M.G. I should mention also the rich collections of Dr. Bun Song Lekhakun of Bangkok and of Dr. Robert E. Elbel, USOM/Thailand, who have sent me copious material during the past ten years, and whose explora- tions of previously uninvestigated areas have added dozens of birds to the Siamese list. Finally, I must express my heartfelt thanks to Dr. Edward H. Taylor and Dr. George W. Byers, Editors of the University of Kansas Science Bulletin, who have graciously permitted me to use their invaluable plate of the map of Thailand showing provincial boundaries. HeErsert G. DEIGNAN VII MAP ot THAILAND | 40 Ave ie IVONIG 2 The Provinces of Thailand Ang Thong 5 Ayutthaya 6 Buriram 21 Chachoengsao 14 Chainat 1 Chaiyaphum 19 Chaiya Prakan (see Note) Chanthaburi 17 Chiang Mai 35 Chiang Rai 36 Chon Buri 15 Chumphon 58 Kalasin 32 Kamphaeng Phet 45 Kanchanaburi 50 Khon Kaen 30 Khu Khan (Sisaket) 23 Krabi 64 Lampang 38 Lamphun 37 Loei 26 Lop Buri 3 Mae Hong Son 34 Maha Sarakham 31 Nakhon Nayok 11 Nakhon Pathom 53 Nakhon Phanom 29 Nakhon Ratchasima (Khorat) 20 Nakhon Sawan 48 Nakhon Si Thammarat 62 Nan 40 Narathiwat 71 Nong Khai 25 Nonthaburi 7 Pathum Thani 8 Pattani 69 Phangnga 60 Phatthalung 66 Phayao (see Note) Phet Buri 56 Phetchabun 47 Phichit 46 Phitsanulok 44 Phra Nakhon (Bangkok) 10 Prachin Buri 12 Prachuap Khiri Khan 57 Phrae 39 Phuket 63 Ranong 59 Rat Buri 52 Rayong 16 Roi Et 33 Sakon Nakhon 28 Samut Prakan 13 Samut Sakhon 55 Samut Songkhram 54 Sara Buri 4 Satun 67 Sing Buri 2 Songkhla 68 Sukhothai 43 Suphan Buri 51 Surat Thani 61 Surin 22 Tak 42 ; Thon Buri 9); Trang 65 rat 218 Ubon 24 Udon Thani 27 Uthai Thani 49 Uttaradit 41 Yala 72 Norre.—With increase of population, there has in recent years been recurrent talk of dividing each of the provinces of Chiang Rai (36) and Chiang Mai (35) into two. The new province to be carved from Chiang Rai would probably be named Phayao, while that withdrawn from Chiang Mai would probably be called Chaiya Prakan. The hypothetical Province of Phayao would possess an avifauna inseparable from that of the then restricted Province of Chiang Rai. The hypothetical Province of Chaiya Prakan, however, which would correspond with that part of the present-day Chiang Mai that falls into the watershed of the Mae Khong, would show an avifauna very different indeed from that of the then restricted Province of Chiang Mai, drained by the system of the Chao Phaya. Ix To stress the differences, I have consistently referred to Chaiya Prakan as provenience of forms reported from the Mae Khong- drained northeastern part of what is still officially known as Chiang Mai. Chainat Sing Buri Lop Buri Sara Buri Ang Thong Ayutthaya Nonthaburi Pathum Thani Thon Buri 10 Phra Nakhon (Bangkok) 11 Nakhon Nayok 12 Prachin Buri 13 Samut Prakan 14 Chachoengsao 15 Chon Buri 16 Rayong 17 Chanthaburi 18 Trat 19 Chaiyaphum 20 Nakhon Ratchasima (Khorat) 21 Buriram 22 Surin 23 Khu Khan (Sisaket) 24 Ubon 25 Nong Khai 26 Loei 27 Udon Thani 28 Sakon Nakhon 29 Nakhon Phanom 30 Khon Kaen 31 Maha Sarakham 32 Kalasin 33 Roi Et 34 Mae Hong Son 35 Chiang Mai 36 Chiang Rai x SCONOnrwWhN 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 Lamphun Lampang Phrae Nan Uttaradit Tak Sukhothai Phitsanulok Kamphaeng Phet Phichit Phetchabun Nakhon Sawan Uthai Thani Kanchanaburi Suphan Buri Rat Buri Nakhon Pathom Samut Songkhram Samut Sakhon Phet Buri Prachuap Khiri Khan Chumphon Ranong Phangnga Surat Thani Nakhon Si Thammarat Phuket Krabi Trang Phatthalung Satun Songkhla Pattani Yala Narathiwat Checklist of the Birds of Thailand 6nt loteiidanad.) a honed! te abit The Birds of Thailand Order PODICIPEDIFORMES Family PODICIPEDIDAE Genus PODICEPS Latham Podiceps ruficollis poggei (Reichenow) Colymbus nigricans poggei Reichenow, Journ. fiir Orn., jahrg. 50, No. 1, January 1902, p. 125 (Hopeh Province, China). Range: Still waters of the northern plateau, the eastern plateau (Chaiyaphum), the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and of the western and peninsular provinces south to Trang and Phatthalung. Order PELECANIFORMES Family PELECANIDAE Genus PELECANUS Linnaeus Pelecanus philippensis philippensis Gmelin [Pelecanus] philippensis Gmelin, Caroli a Linné . . . Systema naturae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 2, 1789, p. 571 (“in wsulis Philippinis”’). Range: The more extensive marshes of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai) and the central plains, and along both coasts to the extreme South. Family SULIDAE Genus SULA Brisson Sula leucogaster plotus (Forster) Pelecanus Plotus Forster, Descriptiones animalium, ed. Lich- tenstein, 1844, p. 278 (‘‘ad syrtes et brevia maris novam Caledoniam alluentis’’). Range: Off both coasts and reported to breed on certain islets of the Gulf of Siam. 3 4 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Family PHALACROCORACIDAE Genus PHALACROCORAX Brisson Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis (Blumenbach) Pelecanus sinensis Blumenbach, Abbild. naturh. Gegenst., heft 3, 1798, pl. 25 and text (China). Range: Reported from the broader rivers of the northern plateau (Mae Khong, Mae Ping), the more extensive marshes of the central plains (Phitsanulok), and along both coasts to the extreme South. Phalacrocorax fuscicollis Stephens Phalacrocoraz fuscicollis Stephens, in Shaw, General zoology, vol. 13, pt. 1, February 1826, p. 91 (Bengal State, India). Range: Reported only from the central plains (Samut Prakan). Phalacrocorax pygmeus niger (Vieillot) Hydrocoraz niger Vieillot, Nouveau dictionnaire d’histoire naturelle, nouv. éd., tome 8, March 1817, p. 88 (‘‘aux Indes orientales”; type locality restricted to Bengal State, India, apud Peters). Range: Reported from both still and running waters (including the larger torrents) of the northern plateau, the central plains, and of the peninsular provinces south to Surat Thani and Phuket. Genus ANHINGA Brisson Anhinga melanogaster Pennant Anhinga melanogaster Pennant, Indian zoology, 1769, p. 13, pl. 12 (Ceylon and Java). Range: Reported from both still and running waters of the northern and eastern plateaus, the central plains, and of the peninsular provinces south to Nakhon Si Thammarat and Phuket. Family FREGATIDAE Genus FREGATA Lacépéde Fregata andrewsi Mathews Fregata andrewsi Mathews, Austral Avian Record, vol. 2, No. 6, Dec. 19, 1914, p. 120 (Christmas Island [lat. 10°31’S., long. 105°34’ E.], Indian Ocean). Range: Reported off both coasts of the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra. Fregata minor minor (Gmelin) [Pelecanus] minor Gmelin, Caroli a Linné . . . Systema naturae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 2, 1789, p. 572 (no locality; type locality THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 5 designated as ‘‘the eastern half of the Indian Ocean,” by Rothschild, Nov. Zool., vol. 22, 1915, p. 145, and restricted to Christmas Island, by Lowe, ibid., vol. 31, 1924, p. 306). Range: Reported off both coasts of the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra. Order CICONIIFORMES Family ARDEIDAE Genus ARDEA Linnaeus Ardea sumatrana Raffles Ardea Sumatrana Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 2, [not earlier than November] 1822, p. 325 (Sumatra; type lo- cality restricted to Benkulan [lat. 3°47’S., long. 102°15’E.], by Kinnear and Robinson, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 47, 1927, p. 130). Range: Reported from islets off the southeastern provinces (Trat) and along both coasts of the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra. Ardea cinerea rectirostris Gould Ardea rectirostris Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 11, July 1843, p. 22 (New South Wales, error; type locality corrected to “Tndia?,”’ by Stone, Austral Avian Record, vol. 1, 1913, p. 142). Range: Reported from both still and running waters of the northern and eastern plateaus, the central provinces, and the western and penin- sular provinces south to Trang. Ardea purpurea manilensis Meyen Ardea purpurea var. manilensis Meyen, Nov. Act. Acad. Caes.- Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur., vol. 16, suppl. 1, 1834, p. 102 (Manila, Luzén Island, Philippine Islands). Range: Reported from the northern plateau, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Phuket and Phattha- lung. Genus BUTORIDES Blyth Butorides striatus amurensis von Schrenck [Ardea (Butorides) virescens] var. amurensis von Schrenck, Reisen und Forschungen in Amur-Lande . . ., band 1, lief. 2, 1860, p. 441 (“Amurland,’”’ Russian SFSR). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai) and the southeastern provinces (Trat). 6 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Butorides striatus actophilus Oberholser Butorides javanicus actophilus Oberholser, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 60, No. 7, Oct. 26, 1912, p. 1 (North Pagi Island, Mentawai Group, Barussan Islands). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau and the central plains. Butorides striatus abbotti Oberholser Butorides javanicus abbotti Oberholser, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 159, 1932, p. 14 (Pulau Langkawi, Langkawi Islands, Strait of Malacca off the Malay State of Perlis). Range: The northern plateau, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces to the ex- treme South. Genus ARDEOLA Boie Ardeola ralloides bacchus (Bonaparte) Bluphus]. bacchus Bonaparte, Conspectus generum avium, tom. 2, pars 1, [not earlier than April 15], 1855, p. 127 (Malay Peninsula). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Trang. Ardeola ralloides speciosa (Horsfield) Ardea speciosa Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 1, May 1821, p. 189 (Java). Ardeola speciosa continentalis Salomonsen, Orn. Monatsb., jahrg. 41, No. 2, Mar. 4, 1933, p. 41 (Bangkok [lat. 13°45’ N., long. 100°30’ E.], Thailand). Range: Reported only from the central plains. Genus BUBULCUS Bonaparte Bubulcus ibis coromandus (Boddaert) Cancroma Coromanda Boddaert, Table des planches enluminéez d’histoire naturelle, 1783, p. 54 (Coromandel Coast of India, ez d’Aubenton, pl. 910). Range: Reported from the northern and eastern plateaus, the cen- tral plains, and the western and peninsular provinces to the extreme South. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND a Genus EGRETTA T. Forster Egretta sacra sacra (Gmelin) [Ardea] sacra Gmelin, Caroli a Linné . . . Systema naturae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 2, 1789, p. 640 (Tahiti Island, Society Islands). Range: Reported from reefs and islets along both coasts to the extreme South. Egretta eulophotes (Swinhoe) Herodias eulophotes Swinhoe, Ibis, vol. 2, No. 5, January 1860, p. 64 (Amoy, Fukien Province, China). Range: Now possibly extinct, but at least formerly a winter visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the penin- sular provinces (specimens in the British Museum from Phuket, 1879, and Pattani, 1901). Egretta alba modesta (J. E. Gray) Ardea modesta J. E. Gray, Zoological Miscellany, No. 1, 1831, p. 19 (India). Range: Reported from both still and running waters of the northern plateau, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Surat Thani. Egretta intermedia palleuca Deignan Egretta intermedia palleuca Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 60, No. 24, Aug. 22, 1947, p. 97 (Muang Chiang Rai [lat. 19°55’ N., long. 99°50’ E.], Chiang Rai Province, Thailand). Range: The northern plateau, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Eeretta garzetta garzetta (Linnaeus) [Ardea] Garzetta Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 12, tom. 1, 1766, p. 237 (‘in Oriente,” ez Brisson; type locality restricted to Europe, apud Mathews, List of the birds of Australia, 1913, p. 81, and further restricted to Malalbergo, Bologna Province, Emilia-Romagna, Italy, by Grant and Mackworth-Praed, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 53, 1933, p. 194). Range: The northern plateau, the southeastern provinces, the cen- tral plains, and the western and peninsular provinces to the extreme South. Genus NYCTICORAX T. Forster Nycticorax nycticorax nycticorax (Linnaeus) [Ardea] Nycticoraz Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 142 (“an Europa australv”’). Range: A permanent resident on the central plains, but reported as a post-breeding visitor from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai) and the eastern plateau (Khon Kaen). 546-019-632 8 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Genus GOISAKIUS Bonaparte Goisakius melanolophus melanolophus (Raffles) Ardea melanolopha Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 2, [not earlier than November] 1822, p. 326 (Sumatra; type locality restricted to Benkulan [lat. 3°47’ S., long. 102°15’ E.], by Kinnear and Robinson, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 47, 1927, p. 1380). Range: A resident of heavy forest, reported from the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Satun. Genus IXOBRYCHUS Billberg Ixobrychus sinensis (Gmelin) [Ardea] Sinensis Gmelin, Caroli a Linné . . . Systema naturae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 2, 1789, p. 642 (China, ex Latham). Range: The northern plateau, the central plains, and the penin- sular provinces south to Phuket. Ixobrychus eurhythmus (Swinhoe) Ardetta eurhythma Swinhoe, Ibis, ser. 3, vol. 3, No. 9, January 1873, p. 74, pl. 2 (Amoy, Fukien Province, China). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai), the central plains (Kamphaeng Phet), and the peninsular provinces (Trang). Ixobrychus cinnamomeus (Gmelin) [Ardea] cinnamomea Gmelin, Caroli a Linné . . . Systema na- turae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 2, 1789, p. 643 (China, ex Latham). Range: The northern plateau, the southeastern provinces, the cen- tral plains, and the western and peninsular provinces to the extreme South. Genus DUPETOR Heine and Reichenow Dupetor flavicollis flavicollis (Latham) [Ardea] flavicollis Latham, Index ornithologicus, vol. 2, 1790, p. 701 (India; type locality here restricted to ‘‘the province of Oude,” ex Latham, General synopsis of birds, suppl. 1, 1787, p. 239, No. 82). Range: Reported from the northern plateau, the central plains, and the peninsular provinces south to Trang. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 9 Genus BOTAURUS Stephens Botaurus stellaris stellaris (Linnaeus) [Ardea] stellaris Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 144 (Europe; type locality restricted to Sweden, apud Hartert). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau and the central plains. Family CICONITDAE Genus IBIS Lacépéde Ibis leucocephala (Pennant) Tantalus leucocephalus Pennant, Indian zoology, 1769, p. 11, pl. 10 (Ceylon). Range: Marshes of the central plains and of the peninsular provinces to the extreme South. Genus ANASTOMUS Bonnaterre Anastomus oscitans (Boddaert) Ardea oscitans Boddaert, Table des planches enluminéez d’his- toire naturelle, 1783, p. 55 (Pondicherry, ex d’Aubenton, pl. 932). Range: Reported from marshes of the northern plateau, the cen- tral plains, and of the peninsular provinces south to Krabi. Genus CICONIA Brisson Ciconia ciconia ciconia (Linnaeus) [Ardea] Ciconia Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 142 (Europe, Asia, Africa; type locality restricted to Sweden, apud Hartert). Range: A visitor from western Asia, known by one winter sight rec- ord from the central plains (Nakhon Pathom). Ciconia nigra (Linnaeus) [Ardea] nigra Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 142 (“in Europa boreali’”; type locality restricted to Sweden, apud Peters). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai). 10 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Ciconia episcopus episcopus (Boddaert) Ardea Episcopus Boddaert, Table des planches enluminéez d’histoire naturelle, 1783, p. 54 (Coromandel Coast of India, ex d’Aubenton, pl. 906). Range: Reported from marshes of the northern and eastern plateaus, the central plains, and of the western and peninsular provinces to the extreme South. Genus XENORHYNCHUS Bonaparte Xenorhynchus asiaticus asiaticus (Latham) [Mycteria] asiatica Latham, Index ornithologicus, vol. 2, 1790, p. 670 (India). Range: Marshes of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Phayao), the central plains, and of the peninsular provinces south to Trang. Genus LEPTOPTILOS Lesson Leptoptilos dubius (Gmelin) [Ardea] dubia Gmelin, Caroli a Linné . . . Systema naturae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 2, 1789, p. 642 (India). Range: The broader rivers and more extensive marshes of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Phayao), the southeastern provinces (Chon Buri), and of the central plains. Leptoptilos javanicus (Horsfield) Ciconia Javanica Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 1, May 1821, p. 188 (Java). Range: Reported from still waters of the central plains and of the peninsular provinces south to Trang. Family PLATALEIDAE Genus THRESKIORNIS G. R. Gray Threskiornis melanocephalus (Latham) | Tantalus] melanocephalus Latham, Index ornithologicus, vol. 2, 1790, p. 709 (India). Range: Reported from the broader rivers and more extensive marshes of the central plains and along both coasts to the extreme South. Genus PSEUDIBIS Hodgson Pseudibis papillosa davisoni (Hume) Geronticus Davisoni Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 3, No. 4, May 1875, p. 300 (‘the banks of the Pakchan Estuary in the extreme south of the Tenasserim Provinces,” Burma). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 11 Range: Reported from the broader rivers and more extensive marshes of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai), the central plains, and of the peninsular provinces south to Trang and Phatthalung. Pseudibis gigantea (Oustalet) Ibis gigantea Oustalet, Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris, sér. 7, tome 1, No. 1, 1877, p. 27 (“sur les bords du Mékong,” Cambodia). Range: Reported from marshes of the central plains and of the peninsular provinces south to Satun. Order ANSERIFORMES Family ANATIDAE Genus DENDROCYGNA Swainson Dendrocygna javanica (Horsfield) Anas Javanica Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 1, May 1821, p. 199 (Java). Range: Still waters of the northern and eastern plateaus, the south- eastern provinces, the central plains, and of the western and peninsu- lar provinces to the extreme South. Genus TADORNA von Oken Tadorna ferruginea (Pallas) Anas (ferruginea) Pallas, in Vroeg, Beredeneerde catalogus, Adumbratiunculae, 1764, p. 5 (no type locality given, but accepted as Tartary, ex ‘‘Tartarysche Gans” and ‘“Anser Ta- taricus ferrugineus in Catalogus, p. 25). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter on the larger rivers of the northern plateau and the central plains. Genus ANAS Linnaeus Anas acuta Linnaeus [Anas] acuta Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 126 (“in Europe maritimis”; type locality restricted to Swe- den, apud Hartert). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from still waters of the northern plateau and the central plains. Anas crecca crecea Linnaeus [Anas] Crecca Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 126 (“an Europe aquis dulcibus’’; type locality restricted to Sweden, apud Hartert). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from still waters of the northern plateau and the central plains. ar U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Anas poecilorhyncha haringtoni (Oates) Polionetta haringtoni Oates, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. 17, No. 3, Feb. 15, 1907, p. 558 (Shan States, Burma). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Phayao). Anas penelope Linnaeus [Anas] Penelope Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 126 (“in Europe maritimis & paludibus’’; type locality restricted to Sweden, apud Hartert). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Anas querquedula Linnaeus [Anas] Querquedula Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 126 (“in Europe aquis dulcibus”; type locality re- stricted to Sweden, apud Hartert). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from still waters of the northern plateau and the central plains. Anas clypeata Linnaeus [Anas] elypeata Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 124 (“in Europe maritimis’”; type locality restricted to southern Sweden, apud Hartert). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from still waters of the central plains. Genus AYTHYA Boie Aythya ferina (Linnaeus) [Anas] ferina Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 126 (“in Europe maritimis”’; type locality restricted to Sweden, apud Hartert). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Aythya nyroca (Giildenstadt) Anas nyroca Giildenstidt, NoviComm. Acad. Sci. Imp. Petropoli- anae, vol. 14, pt. 1, 1769, p. 403 (‘An regionibus Tanaicensibus inter gradum 54 et 55 latitudinis’’). Range: A visitor from northwestern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Aythya baeri (Radde) Anas (Fuligula) Baeri Radde, Reisen im Siiden von Ost-Sibirien, band 2, 1863, p. 376, pl. 15 (‘“‘Amurland,” Russian SFSR). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau and the central plains. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 13 Aythya fuligula (Linnaeus) [Anas] Fuligula Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 128 (‘an Europe maritimis’’; type locality restricted to Sweden, apud Hartert). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the central plains (Chachoengsao). Genus NETTAPUS Brandt Nettapus coromandelianus coromandelianus (Gmelin) [Anas] coromandelianus Gmelin, Caroli A Linné . . . Systema naturae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 2, 1789, p. 522 (Coromandel Coast of India). Range: Reported from still waters of the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Phatthalung. Genus SARKIDIORNIS Eyton Sarkidiornis melanotos (Pennant) Anser melanotos Pennant, Indian zoology, 1769, p. 12, pl. 11 (Ceylon). Range: Reported from several localities of the northern plateau and the central plains. Genus CAIRINA Fleming Cairina scutulata (S. Miiller) Anas scutulata S. Miiller, Verhandelingen over de natuurlijke Geschiedenis der Nederlandsche Overzeesche Bezittingen . . . Land- en Volkenkunde, pt. 5, Mar. 30, 1842, p. 159, footnote (Java). Range: Reported from forest of the western portion of the northern plateau, the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau, and of the western and peninsular provinces south to Trang and Phatthalung. Order FALCONIFORMES Family ACCIPITRIDAE Genus ELANUS de Savigny Elanus caeruleus vociferus (Latham) [Falco] vociferus Latham, Index ornithologicus, vol. 1, 1790, p. 46 (India; type locality restricted to Coromandel Coast of India, ex Sonnerat, apud Hartert). Range: Reported from the northern plateau (Phayao, Chiang Mai), the central plains, and the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Trang). 14 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Genus MACHEIRAMPHUS Bonaparte Macheiramphus alcinus alcinus Bonaparte Macheiramphus alcinus Bonaparte, Rev. Mag. Zool., sér. 2, tome 2, [not earlier than September] 1850, p. 482 (‘a presqu’fle de Malacca’’). Range: The vicinity of limestone hills in the peninsular provinces southward from the Isthmus of Kra. Genus AVICEDA Swainson Aviceda jerdoni jerdoni (Blyth) Plernis]. Jerdoni Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 11, pt. 1, No. 125, May 1842, p. 464 (no locality= Malacca, fide Peters). Range: The southwestern portion of the eastern plateau, the south- eastern provinces, and the peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan south to Trang. Aviceda leuphotes syama (Hodgson) Baza Sydma Hodgson, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 5, No. 60, December 1836, p. 777 (Nepal). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the eastern plateau, the southeastern provinces, and the penin- sular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Trang. Aviceda leuphotes leuphotes (Dumont) Falco leuphotes Dumont, Dictionnaire des sciences naturelles, tome 16, April 1820, p. 217 (Pondicherry, Madras State, India). Range: Reported during the hot weather and the rains from the northern and eastern plateaus, in the cold season from the eastern plateau, the southeastern provinces, and the central plains. Genus PERNIS Cuvier Pernis ptilorhyncus orientalis Taczanowski Pernis apworus orientalis Taczanowski, Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, sér. 7, tome 39, 1891, p. 50 (eastern Siberia [. . . Koultouk sur le Baikal méridional . . . Vem- bouchure de l’Oussouri au 48° L.N.. . . I‘flot Askold au 43° L.N.”]; type locality [inferentially] restricted to “’em- bouchure de l’Oussouri au 48° L.N.,” by Sztoleman and Domaniewski, Ann. Zool. Mus. Polon. Hist. Nat., tom. 6, 1927, p. 99). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Trang). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 15 Pernis ptilorhyncus ruficollis Lesson Pernis ruficollas Lesson, Traité d’ornithologie, livr, 1, February 1830, p. 77 (“patrie inconnue’’; type locality restricted to Bengal State, India, apud Kirke Swann, A monograph of the birds of prey, pt. 13, 1936, p. 312). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai) and the southwestern provinces (Kanchanaburi). Pernis ptilorhyncus gurneyi Stresemann Pernis ptilorhynchus gurneyi Stresemann, [Zeitschrift fiir wissenschaftliche Zoologie, Abt. B,] Archiv fiir Naturge- schichte, neue folge, band 9, heft 2, Apr. 15, 1940, pp. 155 {in key], 168 (Lamaing, Mandalay District, Mandalay Division, Burma). Range: Reported only from the northern and eastern plateaus. Pernis ptilorhyncus torquatus Lesson Pernis torquata Lesson, Traité d’ornithologie, livr. 1, February 1830, p. 76 (“patrie inconnue’’; type specimen from Sumatra, fide Des Murs, Iconographie ornithologique, livr. 3, 1849, unpaged). Range: The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. Genus MILVUS Lacépéde Milvus migrans govinda Sykes Milvus Govinda Sykes, Proc. Comm. Sci Corr. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 2, No. 18, July 31, 1832, p. 81 (The Deccan, India). Range: The central plains as far south as Prachuap Khiri Khan throughout the year and occasionally reported along the eastern coast south to Songkhla. Milvus lineatus lineatus (J. E. Gray) Haliztus lineatus J. E. Gray, in Hardwicke, Illustrations of Indian zoology, vol. 1, pt. 8, 1831, pl. 18 (China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in win- ter from the northern plateau and the central plains as far south as Prachuap Khiri Khan. Genus HALIASTUR Selby Haliastur indus indus (Boddaert) Falco Indus Boddaert, Table des planches enluminéez d’histoire naturelle, 1783, p. 25 (Pondicherry, ex d’Aubenton, pl. 416, and Buffon, vol. 1, p. 490). 16 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Range: Generally distributed from the northern and eastern pla- teaus southward over the central plains and apparently along the eastern coast as far as Pattani. Haliastur indus intermedius Blyth [Haliastur] intermedius “Gurney” Blyth, Ibis, ser. 2, vol. 1, No. 1, January 1865, p. 28 (Java). Range: From the Isthmus of Kra southward along the western coast to Satun. Genus ACCIPITER Brisson Accipiter gentilis khamensis (Bianchi) Astur palumbarius khamensis Bianchi, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 16, Apr. 2, 1906, p. 70 (‘‘fl. Re-tschu, affluent. fl. Mekong dict. . in terra Kham dicta, Tibet. merid.-orient.’’). Range: An apparently rare winter visitor to the higher peaks of the northwestern provinces. Accipiter badius poliopsis (Hume) Micronisus poliopsis Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 2, Nos. 1-3, Jan- uary 1874, p. 325 (“Northern Pegu’’; type locality restricted to Thayetmyo, Thayetmyo District, Magwe Division, Burma, ex Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 3, 1875, p. 24). Range: A common permanent resident throughout the country from Chiang Rai to the Isthmus of Kra, in winter southward in small num- bers as far as Trang. Accipiter soloensis (Horsfield) Falco Soloénsis Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, ser. 1, vol. 13, pt. 1, May 1821, p. 137 (Java). Range: An uncommon visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the southeastern provinces and the north- ern plateau. Accipiter trivirgatus indicus (Hodgson) [Astur] Indicus “Parbattiah’’=Hodgson, Bengal Sporting Maga- zine, new ser., vol. 8, October 1836, p. 177 (Nepal). Range: A permanent resident of forested areas in all parts of the country. Accipiter nisus nisosimilis (Tickell) Falco Nisosimilis Tickell, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 2, No. 23, November 1833, p. 571 (Marcha, “in Borabhtim’’=Man- bhum District, Chota Nagpur Division, Bihar State, India). Range: Reported on migration or in winter from the northern pla- teau (Chiang Rai) and the central plains (Bangkok). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 7 Accipiter virgatus gularis (Temminck and Schlegel) Astur (Nisus) gularis Temminck and Schlegel, in Siebold, Fauna japonica, Aves, pt. 1, 1844, p. 5, pl. 2 (Japan). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, and coasts and islands of the Peninsula south of the Isthmus of Kra. Accipiter virgatus affinis Hodgson [Accipiter] affinis “‘Parbattiah’”’ Hodgson, Bengal Sporting Mag- azine, new ser., vol. 8, October 1836, p. 179 (Nepal). Range: A permanent resident on the eastern plateau, but generally distributed on migration or in winter from Chiang Rai south to Pra- chuap Khiri Khan. Genus BUTEO Lacépéde Buteo burmanicus burmanicus Hume [Buteo] burmanicus Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 3, Nos. 1, 2 & 3, January 1875, p. 30 (Thayetmyo District, Magwe Division, Upper Burma). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from southern Tak (one example, December 21, 1959). Genus BUTASTUR Hodgson Butastur indicus (Gmelin) [Falco] indicus Gmelin, Caroli a Linné . . . Systema naturae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars. 1, 1788, p. 264 (Java, ex Latham). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from all parts of the country, but rare south of the Isthmus of Kra. Butastur liventer (Temminck) Falco liventer Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livre 74,] vol. 1, Sep- tember 1827, pl. 488 and text (Celebes, Sumatra, Java, and India). Range: A permanent resident in deciduous forests of the northern and eastern plateaus and once reported from the central plains. Genus SPIZAETUS Vieillot Spizaetus cirrhatus limnaeetus (Horsefield) Falco Limnezxetus Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, ser. |, vol. 13; pt. 1, May 1821, p. 138 (Java). Range: A permanent resident in forested areas of the central plains and the Peninsula to the extreme South. 18 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Spizaetus nipalensis nipalensis (Hodgson) [Nisactus (sic)] Nipalensis Hodgson, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 5, No. 52, April 1836, p. 229, pl. 7 (Nepal). Range: Not yet reported from the eastern plateau, but otherwise found on migration or in winter throughout the country to the extreme South. Spizaetus alboniger (Blyth) Nisaétus alboniger Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 14, pt. 1, March 1845, p. 173 (Malacca). Range: Forested hills of the Peninsula south of the Isthmus of Kra. Spizaetus nanus nanus Wallace. Spizaetus nanus Wallace, Ibis, ser. 2, vol. 4, No. 13, January 1868, p. 14, pl. | (Borneo; type specimen from Sarawak, fide Bowdler Sharpe, Catalogue of the birds in the British Museum, vol. 1, 1874, p. 272). Range: Lowland forests of the Peninsula south of the Isthmus of Kra. Genus HIERAAETUS Kaup Hieraaetus kienerii formosus Stresemann Meraaétus kieneri formosus Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., jahrg. 32, No. 4, July 5, 1924, p. 108 (Northern Celebes). Range: Forested areas of the western provinces from Chiang Mai south to Trang. Genus AQUILA Brisson Aquila rapax vindhiana Franklin Aquila Vindhiana Franklin, Proc. Comm. Sci. Corr. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 1, No. 10, Oct. 25, 1831, p. 114 (Vindhya Hills, Vindhya Pradesh State, India). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Aquila clanga Pallas Aquila Clanga Pallas, Zoographia rosso-asiatica, vol. 1, 1811, p. 351 (“In Rossia Sibiriaque . . ., usque in Camtschatcam’’). Range: A visitor from Northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai), the central plains (Nakhon Sawan, Bangkok), and the northern peninsular provinces (Prachuap Khiri Khan). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 19 Genus ICTINAETUS Blyth Ictinaetus malayensis (Temminck) Falco malayensis ‘“Reinw.”’ Temminck, ir Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, _ [livr. 20,] vol. 1, March 1822, pl. 117 and text (‘‘dans toutes les fles du grand archipel des Indes . . . principalement 4 Java et & Sumatra”; type locality restricted to Java, by Kirke Swann, Synopsis of the Accipitres, ed. 2, 1922, p. 115). Range: Forested areas of the western provinces from Chiang Mai to Trang. Genus HALIAEETUS de Savigny Haliaeetus leucogaster (Gmelin) [Falco] leucogaster Gmelin, Carolia Linné . . . Systema naturae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 1, 1788, p. 257 (no locality; ‘the type specimen must have been collected at or near Princes Island flat. 6°36’ S., long. 105°14’ E.],” fide Stresemann, Auk, vol. 67, 1950, p. 82). Range: Common along both coasts to the extreme South. Genus ICTH YOPHAGA Lesson Icthyophaga ichthyaetus ichthyaetus (Horsfield) Falco Ichthyztus Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 1, May 1821, p. 1386 (Java). Range: Reported from the more extensive marshes of the northern plateau, the central plains, and the western and peuinsular provinces to the extreme South. Icthyophaga nana nana (Blyth) Icthyaétus nanus Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 11, pt. 1, No. 122, February 1842, p. 202 (Malay Peninsula; type specimen from “the Straits of Malacca,” jide Blyth, Ibis, 1866, p. 244). Range: A species of forested waterways, reported from the northern plateau and the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra. Genus TORGOS Kaup Torgos calvus (Scopoli) Vultur (calvus) Scopoli, Deliciae florae et faunae insubricae, pt. 2, 1786, p. 85 (Pondicherry, ex Sonnerat). Range: Not yet reported from the eastern plateau, but otherwise found throughout the country to the extreme South. 20 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Genus GYPS de Savigny Gyps indicus tenuirostris G. R. Gray Gyps tenuirostris “Hodg.’’ G. R. Gray, The genera of birds, vol. 1, pt. 2, June 1844, p. [6, where G. tenwirostris ‘‘(Hodgs.),”’ nomen nudum!], pl. [3] (no locality = Nepal, ex Bowdler Sharpe, Catalogue of the birds in the British Museum, vol. 1, 1874, p. 10). Range: Reported from the northern and eastern plateaus, the central plains, and the peninsular provinces (Trang). Gyps bengalensis (Gmelin) [Vultur] bengalensis Gmelin, Carolia Linné . . . Systema naturae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 1, 1788, p. 245 (Bengal State, India). Range: The northern plateau, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces to the extreme South. Genus CIRCUS Lacépéde Circus melanoleucos (Pennant) Falco melanoleucos Pennant, Indian zoology, 1769, p. 2, pl. 2 (Ceylon). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to the Isthmus of Kra. Circus aeruginosus spilonotus Kaup Clircus]. spilonotus Kaup, Isis von Oken, jahrg. [40], heft 12, 1847, col. 953 (‘‘Asien?”’; type specimen from the Philippine Islands, fide Bowdler Sharpe, Catalogue of the birds in the British Museum, vol. 1, 1874, p. 59). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to the Isthmus of Kra. Genus CIRCAETUS Vieillot Circaetus gallicus gallicus (Gmelin) [Falco] gallicus Gmelin, Caroli a Linné . . . Systema naturae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 1, 1788, p. 259 (‘in Gallia’). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern peninsular provinces (Prachuap Khiri Khan). Genus SPILORNIS G. R. Gray Spilornis cheela burmanicus Kirke Swann Spilornis cheela burmanicus Kirke Swann, A synoptical list of the Accipitres, 1920, p. 81 (Jobin, Thayetmyo District, Pegu Division, Lower Burma). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 21 Spilornis cheela floweri Kirke Swann, A synoptical list of the Accipitres, 1920, p. 81 (‘“Tahkaman’=Ban Prachantakham lat. 14°05’ N., long. 101°30’ E.], Prachin Buri Province, and Chanthaburi [lat. 12°35’ N., long. 102°05’ E.], Chanthaburi Province, Thailand). Range: Found throughout the country from Chiang Rai to the Isthmus of Kra. Spilornis cheela malayensis Kirke Swann Spilornis cheela malayensis Kirke Swann, A synoptical list of the Accipitres, 1920, p. 83 (Raub [lat. 3°47’ N., long 101°51’ E.], Pahang State, Malaya). Range: Common in forested areas from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Family PANDIONIDAE Genus PANDION de Savigny Pandion haliaetus haliaetus (Linnaeus) [Falco| Haliztus Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 91 (Kurope; type locality restricted to Sweden, apud Hartert). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the major streams of the northern plateau and the cen- tral plains, and along the eastern coast as far south as Songkhla. Family FALCONIDAE Genus MICROHIERAX Bowdler Sharpe Microhierax horsfieldii (Lesson) Hierax horsfieldii Lesson, L’Echo du Monde Savant, ann. 10, sér. 2, pt. 7, No. 31, Apr. 27, 1843, col. 728. New name for Falco cerulescens “Linn.” Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, 1821, p. 135 (Java), not [Falco] cerulescens Linnaeus, 1758. Range: The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan [at about lat. 11°40’ N.] to the extreme South. Microhierax caerulescens burmanicus Kirke Swann Microhierax cerulescens burmanicus Kirke Swann, A synoptical list of the Accipitres, 1920, p. 116 (Thayetmyo, Thayetmyo District, Pegu Division, Lower Burma). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan [at about lat. 11°36’ N.]. 22 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Genus POLIHIERAX Kaup Polihierax insignis cinereiceps Stuart Baker Polihieraz insignis cinereiceps Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 47, No. 313, Mar. 25, 1927, p. 101 (Myawadi, Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: The northern plateau, the western portion of the eastern plateau (Khon Kaen, Nakhon Ratchasima), and the western prov- inces south to Rat Buri. Polihierax insignis harmandi (Oustalet) Falco (Poliohierax) Harmandi Oustalet, Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris, sér. 6, tome 13 [not earlier than May 13], 1876, p. 57 (Sambor, Kratie Province, Cambodia). Range: Reported only from the southeastern portion of the eastern plateau (Ubon). Genus FALCO Linnaeus Falco peregrinus japonensis Gmelin [Falco] japonensis Gmelin, Carolia Linné . . . Systema naturae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 1, 1788, p. 257 (‘in insulis Japan’’; type specimen “flew on board off Japan,’ fide Stresemann, Ibis, vol. 91, 1949, p. 253). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau and the central plains. Falco severus severus Horsfield Falco severus Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 1, May 1821, p. 135 (Java). Range: Reported from the northern plateau and the central plains south to Bangkok and Prachuap Khiri Khan. Falco tinnunculus tinnunculus Linnaeus [Falco] Tinnunculus Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 90 (Europe; type locality restricted to Sweden, apud Hartert). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai) and the central plains south to Bangkok and Prachuap Khiri Khan. Falco tinnunculus interstinectus McClelland Falco interstinctus McClelland, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 7, No. 82, March 1840, p. 154 (Assam State, India). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Trang. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 23 Order GALLIFORMES Fi amily PHASIANIDAE Genus FRANCOLINUS Oken Francolinus pintadeanus phayrei (Blyth) Plerdiz|. Phayrei Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 12, pt. 2, No. 148, [not earlier than December ?] 1843, p. 1011 (Arakan Division, Lower Burma). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, and the central plains as far south as Bangkok. Genus RHIZOTHERA G. R. Gray Rhizothera longirostris longirostris (Temminck) Perdiz Longirostris Temminck, Histoire générale des pigeons et des gallinacés, tome 3, 1815, pp. 323, 721 (Sumatra). Range: Evergreen forests of the southwestern and peninsular prov- inces from Rat Buri to the extreme South. Genus COTURNIX Bonnaterre Coturnix coturnix japonica Temminck and Schlegel Coturniz vulgaris japonica Temminck and Schlegel, in Siebold, Fauna japonica, Aves, pts. 9-11, 1849, p. 103, pl. 61 (Japan), Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Coturnix chinensis chinensis (Linnaeus) [ Tetrao] chinensis Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 12, tom. 1, 1766, p. 277 (‘in China, Philippinis”’; type locality restricted to Nan- king, Kiangsu Province, China, er Edwards, apud Peters). Range: Reported from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai), the cen- tral plains, and the peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus ARBOROPHILA Hodgson Arborophila rufogularis tickelli (Hume) A[rboricola]. tickelli Hume, in Hume and Marshall, The game birds of India, Burmah, and Ceylon, vol. 2, 1880, p. 78 (foot- note), pl. [11] (fig. of head) (Mulayit Taung, Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Lower Burma). Range: Evergreen forests (at elevations above 4,500 feet) on moun- tains of the northwestern provinces from Chaiya Prakan south to Tak. 546—019—63——_3 24 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Arborophila brunneopectus brunneopectus (Blyth) Arboricola brunneopectus ‘‘Tickell” Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soe. Bengal, vol. 24, No. 3, [not earlier than April] 1855, p. 276 (“mountainous interior of the Tenasserim provinces,’’ Lower Burma). Range: Evergreen forests (at elevations below 4,500 feet) of the northern plateau, the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei), and of the western provinces south to Kanchanaburi (possibly Phet Buri). Arborophila cambodiana Delacour and Jabouille Arborophila cambodiana Delacour and Jabouille, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 48, No. 325, July 10, 1928, p. 128 (Le Boc Kor [lat. 10°37’ N., long. 104°03’ E.], Kampot Province, Cambodia). Arborophila diwersa Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 43, No. 31, Nov. 29, 1930, p. 189 (Khao Sa Bap flat. 12°35’ N., long. 102°15’ E.], Chanthaburi Province, Thailand). Range: Evergreen forests of the southeastern provinces (Chantha- buri). Arborphila charltonii chloropus (Blyth) Tropicoperdiz ‘‘(nobis)’’ chloropus ‘“Tickell” Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 28, No. 4, 1859, p. 415 (‘‘mountainous interior of the Tenasserim provinces’; type specimen from ‘‘Thalayé on the Zummee river” [lat. 15°43’ N., long. 98°15’ E.], Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Lower Burma, fide Tickell, ib2d., No. 5, 1860, p. 454). Range: Reported from the northern and eastern plateaus and the southeastern provinces, in bamboo or evergreen forests at low elevations. Arborophila charltonii peninsularis Meyer de Schauensee Arborophila chloropus peninsularis Meyer de Schauensee, Notulae Naturae Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, No. 82, May 20, 1941, p. [1] (Ban Thung Luang [lat. 12°40’ N., long. 99°50’ E.], Phet Buri Province, Thailand). Range: Evergreen forests of the southwestern provinces (Phet Buri, Prachuap Khiri Khan). Arborophila charltonii charltonii (Eyton) Perdiz Charitonit Eyton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. 16, No. 105, October 1845, p. 230 (Malacca). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 25 Genus CALOPERDIX Blyth Caloperdix oculea oculea (Temminck) Perdiz oculea 'Temminck, Histoire naturelle générale des pigeons et des gallinacés, vol. 3, 1815, pp. 408, 732 (‘India,” error; type locality corrected to ‘‘central parts of Malay Peninsula,” by Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam, vol..5, No; 1, 1921, p. 18). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus ROLLULUS Bonnaterre Rollulus rouloul (Scopoli) Phasianus (Rouloul) Scopoli, Deliciae florae et faunae insubricae. pt. 2, 1786, p. 93 (Malacca, ex Sonnerat). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus BAMBUSICOLA Gould Bambusicola fytchii fytchii Anderson Bambusicola fytchit Anderson, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, for 1871, pt. 1, June 1871, p. 214, pl. 11 (Pangsi [lat. 24°30’ N., long. 97°40’ E.], Yunnan Province, China). Range: Reported only from high elevations in Chaiya Prakan. Genus LOPHURA Fleming Lophura leucomelana lineata (Vigors) Phasianus lineatus “Lath. ms.”’ Vigors, Proc. Comm. Sci. Corr. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 1, No. 2, Feb. 1, 1831, p. 24 (“Straits of Malacca,” error; type locality corrected to “Kast Pegu Hills,’ Burma, by Ticehurst, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. 36, 1933, p. 936). Range: Lowland forests of the northwestern provinces from Mae Hong Son to northern Tak. Lophura leucomelana crawfurdii (J. E. Gray) Phasianus Crawfurdii J. E. Gray, in Griffith, The animal king- dom ... by the Baron Cuvier, vol. 8 [Aves, vol. 3], 1829, p. 27 (‘‘Ava,” error; type locality corrected to Hat Sanuk [near Prachuap Khiri Khan], Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Thai- land, by Deignan, The Auk, vol. 60, 1943, p. 89). Range: Lowland forests of the southwestern and peninsular prov- inces from southern Tak to Prachuap Khiri Khan. 26 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Lophura nycthemera jonesi (Oates) Gennexus jonesi Oates, Ibis, ser. 8, vol. 3, No. 9, January 1903 p. 97 (‘a place twenty miles east of Kengtung (N. lat. 21°30’ and E. long. 99°45’),”” Kengtung State, Southern Shan State, Burma). Range: Highland forests of the northern plateau and south along the Dong Phaya Fai Range to Nakhon Ratchasima. Lophura nycthemera lewisi (Delacour and Jabouille) Genneus leuisi Delacour and Jabouille, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 48, No. 325, July 10, 1928, p. 125 (Le Boc Kor [lat. 10°37’ N., long. 104°03’ E.], Kampot Province, Cambodia). Range: Mountain forests of the southeastern provinces (Chantha- buri, .Trat). Lophura ignita rufa (Raffles) Phasianus rufus Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 2, {not earlier than November] 1822, p. 321 (Sumatra; type locality restricted to “the neighbourhood of Bencoolen [lat. 3°47’ S., long. 102°15’ E.],” by Kinnear and Robinson, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 47, 1927, p. 130). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Lophura diardi (Bonaparte) Euplocomus diardi ‘“Temm.” Bonaparte, Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. [Paris], tome 43, No. 8, [not earlier than August 25], 1856, p. 415 (no locality; type specimen from Cochin-China, fide Peters). Range: Lowland forests of the eastern portion of the northern pla- teau (Phrae, Nan), the eastern plateau, and of the southeastern provinces. Genus GALLUS Brisson Gallus gallus spadiceus (Bonnaterre) Cloturnia]. Spadicea Bonnaterre, Tableau encyclopédique et méthodique des trois régnes de la nature, ornithologie, pt. 1, 1792, p. 218, pl. 96, fig. 1 (“Cape of Good Hope,” ex Latham, error; type locality corrected to Malacca, by Boden Kloss, in Robinson, Ibis, 1931, p. 324). Range: The northern plateau, the western portion of the eastern plateau, and the western and peninsular provinces to the extreme South. Gallus gallus gallus (Linnaeus) [Phasianus] Gallus Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 158 (Pulau Kondor [lat. 8°41’ N., long. 106°36’ E.], South China Sea). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND oY Range: The eastern portion of the eastern plateau (along the river Mae Khong from Sakon Nakhon to Khu Khan) and the south- eastern provinces. Genus SYRMATICUS Wagler Syrmaticus humiae burmannicus (Oates) Calophasis burmannicus Oates, Ibis, ser. 7, vol. 4, No. 13, January 1898, p. 124 (“The Ruby Mines district,” Katha District, Sagaing Division, and Kalaw [lat. 20°38’ N., long. 96°34’ E.], Hsamonghkam State, Southern Shan State, Upper Burma). Range: Mountain forests of the northwestern provinces (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai). Genus POLYPLECTRON Temminck Polyplectron bicalcaratum bicalcaratum (Linnaeus) [Pavo] bicalcaratus Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 156 (‘“China,” error; type locality corrected to Thaung- ya Sakan, Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Lower Burma, by Lowe, Ibis, 1925, p. 477). Range: Evergreen forests of the northern plateau, the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Phetchabun), and of the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Polyplectron malacense malacense (Scopoli) Pavo (malacensis) Scopoli, Deliciae florae et faunae insubricae, pars 2, 1786, p. 93 (Malacca, ex Sonnerat). Range: Evergreen forests of the peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus ARGUSIANUS Rafinesque Argusianus argus argus (Linnaeus) [Phasianus] Argus Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 12, tom. 1, 1766, p. 272 (“in Tataria Chinensi,” error; type locality cor- rected to Sumatra, ex Latham). Range: Forests of the peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. Genus PAVO Linnaeus Pavo muticus imperator Delacour Pavo muticus imperator Delacour, Ibis, vol. 91, No. 2, Apr. 1, 1949, p. 348 (Plateau des Bolovens, Saravane Province, Laos). Range: Lowland forests of the northern and eastern plateaus and of the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. 28 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Pavo muticus muticus Linnaeus [Pavo] muticus Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 12, tom. 1, 1766, p- 268 (‘“Japan,” error; type locality corrected to Java, by Hartert, Nov. Zool., vol. 9, 1902, p. 538). Range: Lowland forests of the peninsular provinces from the Isth- mus of Kra to the extreme South. Order GRUIFORMES Family TURNICIDAE Genus TURNIX Bonnaterre Turnix sylvatica mikado Hachisuka Turniz sylvatica mikado Hachisuka, The birds of the Philippine Islands, pt. 1, March 16, 1931, p. 167, footnote 1 (Takao, For- mosa). Range: Reported only from the central plains. Turnix tanki blanfordii Blyth Turm«x Blanfordii Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 32, No. 1, 1863, p. 80 (Burma and Arakan; type specimen from Thayetmyo, Thayetmyo District, Magwe Division, Upper Burma, fide Peters, Check-list of birds of the world, vol. 2, 1934, p. 145). Range: Reported from the northern and eastern plateaus, the cen- tral plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to the Isthmus of Kra. Turnix suscitator blakistoni (Swinhoe) Areoturnix blakistoni Swinhoe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, for 1871, pt. 2, October 1871, p. 401 (Canton, Kwangtung Province, China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Turnix suscitator thai Deignan Turniz suscitator thai Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 36, No. 11, Nov. 15, 1946, p. 390 (Nong Boraphet [lat. 15°43’ N., long. 100°14’ E.], Nakhon Sawan Province, Thailand). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, and the central plains south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Turnix suscitator atrogularis (Eyton) Hemipodius atrogularis Eyton, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 7, No. 78, November 1839, p. 107 (Malacca). Turniz suscitator interrumpens Robinson and Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 48, No. 320, Jan. 26, 1928, p. 60 (Ban THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 29 Krasom [lat. 8°24’ N., long. 98°25’ E.], Phangnga Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Family GRUIDAE Genus GRUS Pallas Grus antigone sharpii Blanford Grus (Antigone) sharpu Blanford, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 5, No. 30, Nov. 30, 1895, p. vii (Burma). Range: Reported from the northern plateau, the central plains, and the peninsular provinces between the Isthmus of Kra and Trang. Family RALLIDAE Genus RALLUS Linnaeus Rallus aquaticus indicus Blyth Rallus indicus Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 18, pt. 2 {not earlier than August] 1849, p. 820 (Lower Bengal; type specimens from “‘the vicinity of Calcutta,’ Bengal State, India, fide Blyth, Catalogue of the birds in the Museum Asiatic Society, 1852, p. 286). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau and the central plains. Rallus striatus albiventer Swainson Rallus albiventer Swainson, Animals in menageries, pt. 3, Dec. at b1837, ps oa (undia): Range: Found throughout the year in marshes of the northern plateau and the central plains and reported (perhaps only on migra- tion or in winter) from the peninsular provinces (Phuket, Nakhon Si Thammarat). Genus RALLINA G. R. Gray Rallina fasciata (Raffles) Rallus fasciatus Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 2, {not earlier than November] 1822, p. 328 (Sumatra; type locality restricted to ‘the neighbourhood of Bencoolen [lat. 3°47’ S., long. 102°15’ E.],”’ by Kinnear and Robinson, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 47, 1927, p. 130). Range: Very rare in evergreen forests of the northern provinces, uncommon (perhaps only on migration or in winter) in the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra. 30 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Rallina eurizonoides amauroptera (Jerdon) P{orzana]. amauroptera “Blyth” Jerdon, The birds of India, vol. 3, 1864, p. 725 (Northern India). Range: Reported from evergreen forests of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai) and the southwestern provinces (Phet Buri). Rallina eurizonoides telmatophila Hume Rallina telmatophila Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 7, Nos. 1 & 2, August 1878, p. 142 (‘‘a few miles inland from Malacca’’). Range: Evergreen forests of the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Trang). Genus PORZANA Vieillot Porzana pusilla pusilla (Pallas) Rallus pusillus Pallas, Reise durch verschiedene Provinzen des russischen Reichs, vol. 3, 1776, p. 700 (Dauria). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai), the central plains (Bangkok), and the peninsular provinces (Phatthalung). Porzana fusca bakeri Hartert Porzana fusca bakeri Hartert, Nov. Zool., vol. 24, No. 1, May 16, 1917, p. 272 (Bhim Tal, Almora District, Kumaun Division, Uttar Pradesh State, India). Range: Present throughout the year in marshes of the northern plateau, the central plains, and the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra. Porzana paykullii (Ljungh) Rallus Paykullii Lijungh, Kong]. [Svenska] Vet. Acad. Handl., fér ar 1813, [not earlier than July 21,] 1813, p. 258, pl. 5 (Borneo and Java). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the central plains (Bangkok). Porzana cinerea cinerea (Vieillot) Porphyrio cinereus Vieillot, Nouveau dictionnaire d’histoire naturelle, nouv. éd., tome 28, 1819, p. 29 (‘Le pays... m’est inconnu’’; type specimen from Java, fide Pucheran, Rev. Mag. Zool., sér. 2, tome 3, 1851, p. 563). Range: Reported from the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 31 Genus AMAURORNIS Reichenbach Amaurornis phoenicurus chinensis (Boddaert) Fulica chinensis Boddaert, Table des planches enluminéez, 1783, p. 54 (China, ex d’Aubenton, pl. 896; type locality restricted to Hongkong, by Stresemann, Nov. Zool., vol. 20, 1913, p. 304). Range: Very common in every part of the country. Genus GALLICREX Blyth Gallicrex cinerea cinerea (Gmelin) [Fulica] cinerea Gmelin, Caroli a Linné . . . Systema naturae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 2, 1789, p. 702 (China). Range: Reported from the northern plateau, the southeastern prov- inces (Chanthaburi), and the central plains. Gallicrex cinerea plumbea (Vieillot) Gallinula plumbea Vieillot, Nouveau dictionnaire d’histoire na- turelle, nouv. éd., tome 12, June 1817, p. 404 (Java). Range: Apparently rare in the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Phatthalung, Pattani). Genus GALLINULA Brisson Gallinula chloropus indica Blyth Gallinula chloropus(?), var. Indicus [sic] Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 11, pt. 2, 1843, p. 887 (Calcutta, Bengal State, India). Range: Reported from marshy areas of the northern plateau and the central plains south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Genus PORPHYRIO Brisson Porphyrio porphyrio poliocephalus (Latham) Glallinula]. poliocephala Latham, Index ornithologicus, Suppl., 1801, p. Ixviii (India). Range: Marshy areas of the northern plateau and the central plains (Phitsanulok, Nakhon Sawan). Porphyrio porphyrio viridis Begbie Porphyrio viridis Begbie, The Malayan Peninsula, 1834, p. 515 (Malacca). Porphyrio Edwardsi Elliot, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 5, vol. 1, No. 1, January 1878, p. 98 (Saigon, Cochin China, and Bang- kok, Thailand). Range: Marshy areas of the central plains (including Nakhon Sawan, where it is absolutely sympatric with the preceding form!). a2 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Genus FULICA Linnaeus Fulica atra atra Linnaeus [Fulica] atra Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 152 (Europe; type locality restricted to Sweden, apud Hartert). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Lampang) and the eastern plateau (Chaiyaphum). Family HELIORNITHIDAE Genus HELIOPAIS Bowdler Sharpe Heliopais personata (G. R. Gray) Podica personata G. R. Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 16, Mar. 13, 1849, p. 90 (Malacca). Range: Reported from the northern plateau (Lampang), the south- eastern provinces (Chanthaburi), and the peninsular provinces (Prachuap Khiri Khan, Ko Phangan, Pattani). Order CHARADRIFORMES Family JACANIDAE Genus HYDROPHASIANUS Wagler Hydrophasianus chirurgus (Scopoli) Tringa (Chirurgus) Scopoli, Deliciae florae et faunae insubricae, pt. 2, 1786, p. 92 (Luzén Island, Philippine Islands, ex Sonnerat). Range: Reported from the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, and the central plains south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Genus METOPIDIUS Wagler Metopidius indicus (Latham) [Parra] indica Latham, Index ornithologicus, vol. 2, 1790, p. 765 (“in Indiz paludosis’’). Range: Reported from the northern plateau, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the peninsular provinces (Surat Thani). Family ROSTRATULIDAE Genus ROSTRATULA Vieillot Rostratula benghalensis benghalensis (Linnaeus) [Rallus] benghalensis Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 153 (Asia). Range: Reported from the northern plateau, the central plains, and the southeastern provinces (Rayong). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 33 Family CHARADRITDAE Genus VANELLUS Brisson Vanellus duvaucelii (Lesson) Charadrius Duvaucelii Lesson, Dictionnaire des sciences na- turelles, éd. Levrault, tome 42, September 1826, p. 38 (Calcutta, Bengal State, India). Range: Along rivers of the northern and eastern plateaus, the central plains, and of the western and peninsular provinces south to Trang. Vanellus cinereus (Blyth) Pluvianus cinereus Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 11, pt. 1, No. 126, June 1842, p. 587 (Calcutta, Bengal State, India). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus and the central plains. Vanellus indicus atronuchalis (Jerdon) L{obivanellus]. atronuchalis “Blyth” Jerdon, The birds of India, vol. 3, 1864, p. 648 (Burma). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces to the extreme South. Genus CHARADRIUS Linnaeus Charadrius dominicus fulvus Gmelin [Charadrius] fulvus Gmelin, Caroli a Linné . . . Systema naturae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 2, 1789, p. 687 (Tahiti Island, Society Islands). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau, the central plains, and the coasts of all the maritime provinces. Charadrius squatarola (Linnaeus) [Tringa] Squatarola Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 149 (Europe; type locality restricted to Sweden, by Hartert, Die Végel der palaarktischen Fauna, band 2, hft. 5-6, 1920, p. 1553). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter along the coasts of all the maritime provinces. Charadrius placidus J. E. and G. R. Gray Charadrius placidus J. E. and G. R. Gray, Catalogue of the specimens and drawings of mammals, birds, reptiles, and fishes of Nepal and Tibet, presented by B. H. Hodgson, Esq., to the 34 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 British Museum, ed. 2, 1863, p. 70 (no locality; type specimen from Nepal, fide Bowdler Sharpe, Catalogue of the birds in the British Museum, vol. 24, 1896, p. 263). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chiang Mai, Nan). Charadrius dubius curonicus Gmelin [Charadrius] curonicus Gmelin, Caroli a Linné . . . Systema na- turae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 2, 1789, p. 692 (Kurland, Latvia). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau and the central plains south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Charadrius dubius jerdoni (Legge) Ai{gialitis]. jerdoni Legge, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, for 1880, pt. 1, June 1880, p. 39. New name for Agialitis minutus “Pallas” Jerdon, The birds of India, vol. 3, 1864, p. 641 (‘Aan the Deccan, generally among hills; and also from the top of the Eastern Ghats inland from Nellore’), not Charadrius minutus Pallas, 1811. Range: Reported throughout the year from the northern plateau, the eastern plateau (Loei), and the central plains. Charadrius alexandrinus alexandrinus Linnaeus [Charadrius] alerandrinus Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom 1, 1758, p. 150 (“ad Aigypti ex Nilo canalem’’). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the western portion of the northern plateau (Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai). Charadrius alexandrinus nihonensis Deignan Charadrius alerandrinus nihonensis Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 31, No. 3, Mar. 17, 1941. p. 106 (Aomori [lat. 40°49’ N., long. 140°45’ E.], Honshu Island, Japan). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the coasts of the southwestern provinces (Samut Song- khram, Prachuap Khiri Khan). Charadrius peronii Schlegel Charadrius peronii ““Temminck”’ Schlegel, Mus. Hist. Nat. Pays- Bas, vol. 4, 1865, Cursores, p. 33 (“l’Archipel Indien” [type specimens from Borneo, Java, and Semao]; type locality re- stricted [inferentially] to Borneo, by Hartert, Nov. Zool., vol. 9, 1902, p. 425). Range: Reported throughout the year from the coasts and islands of the southeastern provinces (Trat, Chanthaburi) and of the penin- THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 35 sular provinces (Prachuap Khiri Khan, Chumphon, Nakhon Si Tham- marat, Trang). Charadrius mongolus schaferi Meyer de Schauensee Charadrius mongolus schdéferi Meyer de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 89, Oct. 20, 1937, p. 340 (‘“‘at Camp 104, a locality about 100 miles due north of Jyekundo,” Tsinghai Province, China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in win- ter along the coasts of all the maritime provinces. Charadrius leschenaultii Lesson Charadrius Leschenaultit Lesson, Dictionnaire des sciences natu- relles, éd. Levrault, tome 42, September 1826, p. 36 (Pondi- cherry, Madras State, India). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in win- ter along the coasts of all the maritime provinces. Family SCOLOPACIDAE Genus NUMENIUS Brisson Numenius phaeopus phaeopus (Linnaeus) [Scolopaz] Phzopus Linneus, Systema nature, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 146 (Europe; type locality restricted to Sweden, apud Hartert). Range: A visitor from northwestern Asia, reported on migration or in winter along the eastern coast from Chanthaburi to Nakhon Si Thammarat. Numenius phaeopus variegatus (Scopoli) Tantalus (variegatus) Scopoli, Deliciae florae et faunae insubricae, pt. 2, 1786, p. 92 (Luzén Island, Philippine Islands, ex Son- nerat). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter along the eastern coast from Trat to Nakhon Si Thammarat. Numenius arquata orientalis C. L. Brehm Numenius orientalis C. L. Brehm, Handbuch der Naturgeschichte aller V6gel Deutschlands . . ., 1831, p. 610 (‘‘Ostindien’’). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter along the eastern coast from Chanthaburi to Nakhon Si Tham- marat, and along the western coast from Phuket to Trang. 36 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Genus LIMOSA Brisson Limosa limosa melanuroides Gould Limosa Melanuroides Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 14, November 1846, p. 84 (Port Essington, Northern Territory, Australia). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter along the eastern coast from the mouth of the river Chao Phaya to Nakhon Si Thammarat. Limosa lapponica lapponica (Linnaeus) [Scolopaz] lapponica Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 147 (Lappland). Range: A visitor from northwestern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from Surat Thani (J¢rgensen, Dansk Ornithologisk Forenings Tidsskrift, Arg. 43, 1949, p. 232). Limosa lapponica menzbieri Portenko Limosa lapponica menzbiert Portenko, Auk, vol. 53, No. 2, Apr. 9, 1936, p. 195 (“Russian Mouth,” delta of the river Indigirka, Yakut Autonomous SSR, Russian SFSR). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from Surat Thani (Jgrgensen, Dansk Ornithologisk Forenings Tidsskrift, arg. 43, 1949, p. 233). Genus TRINGA Linnaeus Tringa erythropus (Pallas) Scolopax (erythropus) Pallas, in Vroeg, Beredeneerde catalogus Adumbratiunculae, 1764, p. 6 (no locality given = The Nether- lands). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the central plains (Chainat) and the eastern coast (mouth of the river Chao Phaya, Samut Songkhram). Tringa totanus totanus (Linnaeus) [Scolopaz] Totanus Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 145 (Europe; type locality restricted to Sweden, apud Hartert). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter along the eastern coast from Chanthaburi to Nakhon Si Tham- marat. Tringa totanus eurhina (Oberholser) Totanus totanus eurhinus Oberholser, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 22, No. 1195, Apr. 23, 1900, p. 207 (Tso Morari [Chamomeril Lake], Rupshu District, Jammu and Kashmir State, India). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 37 Range: A visitor from central Asia, reported on migration or in winter along the eastern coast from Chanthaburi to Nakhon Si Thammarat and also on the western coast (Ranong). Tringa stagnatilis (Bechstein) Tlotanus]. stagnatilis Bechstein, Ornithologisches Taschenbuch von und fiir Deutschland, theil 2, 1803, p. 292, pl. [29] (Ger- many). Range: A visitor from central Asia, reported on migration or in winter along the eastern coast from Chon Buri to Nakhon Si Tham- marat. Tringa nebularia (Gunnerus) Scolopax nebularia Gunnerus, in Leem, Beskrivelse over Fin- markens Lapper, 1767, p. 251 (Trondheim [lat. 63°26’ N., long. 10°25’ E.], Sor-Trondelag County, Norway). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter along rivers of the northern plateau and the central plains and along the eastern coast from Trat to Nakhon Si Thammarat. Tringa guttifer (von Nordmann) Totanus guttifer von Nordmann, in Erman, Reise um die Erde durch Nord-Asien . . . Naturhistorischer Atlas [Verzeichniss von Thieren und Pflanzen . . . ], 1835, p. 17 (mouth of the river Okhota [near Okhotsk], Khabarovsk Territory, Russian SFSR). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter along the eastern coast from Samut Songkhram to Nakhon Si Thammarat. Tringa ocrophus Linnaeus [Tringa] Ocrophus Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 149 (Europe; type locality restricted to Sweden, apud Hartert). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter, at bodies of fresh water, from the northern and eastern pla- teaus, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Tringa glareola Linnaeus [Tringa] Glareola Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 149 (Europe; type locality restricted to Sweden, apud Hartert). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter, at bodies of fresh water, from the northern and eastern pla- teaus, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Trang and Phatthalung. 38 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Genus XENUS Kaup Xenus cinereus (Giildenstidt) Scolopax cinerea Giildenstiidt, Novi Comm. Acad. Sci. Imp. Petropolitanae, vol. 19, 1775, p. 473, pl. 19 (“ad mare Caspium, circa ostium fluvii Terek ... ,” near Kizlyar, Krasnodar Territory, Ciscaucasia, Russian SFSR). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter along the eastern coast from Chanthaburi to Pattani, and also from the western coast (Phangnga). Genus ACTITIS Illiger Actitis hypoleucos (Linnaeus) [Tringa] Hypoleucos Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10. tom. 1, 1758, p. 149 (Europe; type locality restricted to Sweden, apud Hartert). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter, whether at bodies of fresh water or along the coasts, from the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Trang. Genus HETEROSCELUS Baird Heteroscelus incanus brevipes (Viecillot) Totanus brevipes Vieillot, Nouveau dictionnaire d’histoire natur- elle, nouy. éd., tome 6, December 1816, p. 410 (‘Pays inconnu”’; type specimen from Timor, fide Pucheran, Rev. Mag. Zool., sér. 2, tome 3, 1851, p. 370). Range: A visitor from northeastern Siberia, reported on migration or in winter from Ranong (one example, 17 May 1955). Genus ARENARIA Brisson Arenaria interpres interpres (Linnaeus) [Tringa] Interpres Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 148 (‘an Europa & America septentrionali’”’; type locality restricted to the island of Gottland, Baltic Sea, by Hartert, Die Végel der paliéarktischen Fauna, band 2, hft. 5-6, 1920, p. 1566). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter along the eastern coast from Samut Prakan to Pattani, and also from the western coast (Satun). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 39 Genus PSEUDOSCOLOPAX Blyth Pseudoscolopax semipalmatus (Blyth) Mlacrorhamphus]. semipalmatus ‘Jerdon’’ Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 17, pt. 1, for March 1848, p. 252 (Calcutta, Calcutta District, Bengal State, India). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter along the eastern coast from Samut Prakan to Nakhon Si Thammarat, and also from the western coast (Satun). Genus CAPELLA Frenzel Capella nemoricola (Hodgson) Gall{inago]. nemoricola Hodgson, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 4, No. 37, Apr. 9, 1836, p. 8 (Nepal). Range: Reported only from the mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Capella stenura (Bonaparte) Scolopax stenura ‘Kuhl’? Bonaparte, Ann. Stor. Nat. [Bologna], tom. 4, fase. 14, 1831, p. 335 (‘nelle isole della Sonda, segna- tamente in quella di Giava . . .’’). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces to the extreme South. Capella megala (Swinhoe) Gallinage megala Swinhoe, Ibis, vol. 3, No. 12, October 1861, p. 343 (“between Takoo and Peking, in the neighbourhood of the Peiho River,’’ Hopeh Province, China). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter only from Bangkok (Jgrgensen, Dansk Ornithologisk Forenings Tidsskrift, arg. 43, 1949, p. 267). Capella gallinago gallinago (Linnaeus) [Scolopaz] Gallinago Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 147 (Europe; type locality restricted to Sweden, apud Hartert). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau, the central plains, and the penin- sular provinces (Surat Thani, Phuket). 546—019—63——_4 40 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Genus SCOLOPAX Linnaeus Scolopax rusticola rusticola Linnaeus [Scolopaz] Rusticola Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 146 (Europe; type locality restricted to Sweden, apud Hartert). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau, the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei), the southeastern provinces (Chon Buri), and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Genus LYMNOCRYPTES Boie Lymnocryptes minimus (Briinnich) [Scolopaz] Minima Briinnich, Ornithologia borealis, 1764, p. 49 (Kristians6, in the Baltic Sea off Bornholm). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the central plains (Nakhon Pathom). Genus CALIDRIS Merrem Calidris canutus canutus (Linnaeus) [Tringa] Canutus Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 149 (Europe; type locality restricted to Sweden, apud Hartert). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter along the eastern coast (Samut Prakan, Samut Songkhram). Calidris tenuirostris (Horsfield) Totanus tenuirostris Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 1, May 1821, p. 192 (Java). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter along the eastern coast (Samut Songkhram, Surat Thani) and also from the western coast (Trang). Calidris ruficollis (Pallas) Trynga ruficollis Pallas, Reise durch verschiedene Provinzen des russischen Reichs, vol. 3, 1776, pp. 220, 700 (Kulusutai, Chita Province, Russian SFSR). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter along the eastern coast from Chanthaburi to Nakhon Si Thammarat, and also from the western coast (Phuket). Calidris temminckii (Leisler) Tringa Temminckii Leisler, Nachtriige zu Bechsteins Naturge- schichte Deutschlands, heft 1, 1812, pp. 63 [nomen nudum], [64] (Hanau-am-Main, Hesse State, Germany). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND Al Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter, at bodies of fresh water, from the northern plateau and the central plains south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Calidris subminuta (Middendorff) Tringa subminuta Middendorff, Reise in den dussersten Norden und Osten Sibiriens, band 2, theil 2, 1853, p. 222, pl. 19, fig. 6 (“das eine auf den Héhen des Westabhanges vom S’tanowdéj- Gebirge [Bach Kékdn] . . . das zweite in der Nahe des Aus- flusses der Udd . . .,”’ Khabarovsk Territory, Russian SFSR). Range: A visitor from vortheastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter, usually at bodies of fresh water, from the northern plateau and the central plains, along the eastern coast from Chanthaburi to Prachuap Khiri Khan, and also from the western coast (Phuket). Calidrus ferruginea (Pontoppidan) [Tringa] Ferrugineus [sic] Pontoppidan, Den danske Atlas eller Konge-riget Dannemark, vol. 1, 1763, p. 624 (no locality giv- en= ‘Islandia & Christiansée,” ex Ornithologia Borealis, p. 54). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter along the eastern coast from Samut Prakan to Pattani. Genus LIMICOLA Koch Limicola falcinellus falcinellus (Pontoppidan) [Scolopaz] Falcinellus Pontoppidan, Den danske Atlas eller Konge- riget Dannemark, vol. 1, 1763, p. 623, pl. 26 (no locality giv- en=“‘Sielandia,”’ ex Ornithologia Borealis, p. 49). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from Samut Prakan. Limicola falcinellus sibirica Dresser Limicola sibirica Dresser, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, for 1876, pt. 3, October 1876, p. 674 (China). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from Samut Prakan. Genus PHILOMACHUS Merrem Philomachus pugnax (Linnaeus) [Tringa] Pugnax Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 148 (‘in Europa minus borealv’’; type locality restricted to Sweden, apud Hartert). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the southern central plains (Bangkok, Samut Songkhram). 42 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Family RECURVIROSTRIDAE Genus HIMANTOPUS Brisson Himantopus himantopus himantopus (Linnaeus) [Charadrius| Himantopus Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 151 (‘an Europa australiore’’). Range: Reported from marshes of the northern plateau (Phayao), the central plains, and along the eastern coast from Chanthaburi to Nakhon Si Thammarat. Family BURHINIDAE Genus BURHINUS Illiger Burhinus oedicnemus indicus (Salvadori) Oedicnemus indicus Salvadori, Atti Soc. Italiana Sci. Nat. [Milano], vol. 8, [not earlier than September] 1865, p. 380 (“Indie Orientali e probabilmente dall’ Imalaja’’). Range: Reported only from the central plains (Kamphaeng Phet, Ayutthaya, Bangkok, Rat Buri). Genus ESACUS Lesson Esacus magnirostris recurvirostris (Cuvier) Gid{icnemus]. recurvirostris Cuvier, Régne animal, nouv. éd., vol. 1, 1829, p. 500, footnote 2 (no locality given=Nepal, apud Stuart Baker). Range: Reported from shores and islands of the major rivers of the northern plateau and the central plains. Esacus magnirostris magnirostris (Vieillot) Gdicnemus magnirostris ‘“Geoffroy-S.-Hilaire” Vieillot, Nouveau dictionnaire d’histoire naturelle, nouv. éd., tome 23, September 1818, p. 231, pl. G 39, fig. 1 (mo locality given=Nouvelle- Hollande,” ex pl. G 39, fig 1, tome 28, 1819). Range: Reported from islands off the western coast (Ranong, Satun). Fi amily GLAREOLIDAE Genus GLAREOLA Brisson Glareola maldivarum Forster [Glareola (Pratincola)| Maldivarum J. R. Forster, Faunula indica, ed. 2, 1795, p. 11 (“at open sea, in the latitude of the Maldivia Isles,’ ex Latham, General synopsis of birds, vol. 3, pt. 1, 1785, p. 224, Pratincole, var. B). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 43 Range: Reported from the northern plateau (Phayao, Chiang Mai), the central plains as far south as Prachuap Khiri Khan, and once from the southern peninsular provinces (Songkhla). Glareola lactea Temminck Glareola lactea Temminck, Manuel d’ornithologie, éd. 2, partie 2, 1820, p. 503 (Bengal). Range: Reported from sandy shores and islands of the major streams of the northern plateau and the central plains. Family STERCORARITDAE Genus STERCORARIUS Brisson Stercorarius pomarinus (Temminck) Lestris pomarinus Temminck, Manuel d’ornithologie, 1814, p. 514 (“Jes régions du cercle arctique; de passage accidentel sur les cétes maritimes de Hollande et de France’’). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, occurring rarely, but appar- ently regularly, on migration or in winter, in the Inner Gulf between the mouth of the Chao Phaya and Ko Si Chang. Family LARIDAE Genus LARUS Linnaeus Larus brunnicephalus Jerdon L{arus]. brunnicephalus Jerdon, Madras journal of literature and science, vol. 12, No. 29, [not earlier than December] 1840, p. 225 (western coast of the Indian peninsula). Range: A visitor from central Asia, reported on migration or in winter along the eastern coast from Chon Buri to Prachuap Khiri Khan and ascending the Chao Phaya as far as Bangkok and the Mae Khong to Ubon. Genus CHLIDONIAS Rafinesque Chlidenias hybridus javanicus (Horsfield) Sterna Javanica Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 1, May 1821, p. 198 (Java). Range: Reported from the central plains, the eastern coast from Chon Buri to Prachuap Khiri Khan, and the river Mae Khong as far north as Chiang Rai. Chlidonias leucopterus (Temminck) Sterna leucoptera Temminck, Manuel d’ornithologie, 1815, p. 483 (“les bords de la Méditerranée, les lacs, les riviéres et les marais des pays au-de-la des Alpes’’). 44 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Range: A visitor from central Asia, reported on migration or in winter only from Bangkok. Genus GELOCHELIDON C. L. Brehm Gelochelidon nilotica nilotica (Gmelin) [Sterna] nilotica Gmelin, Caroli a Linné . . . Systema naturae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 2, 1789, p. 606 (Egypt). Range: A visitor from western Asia, reported on migration or in winter along the eastern coast from Chon Buri to Nakhon Si Thammarat. Genus HYDROPROGNE Kaup Hydroprogne caspia (Pallas) Sterna caspia Pallas, Novi Comm. Acad. Sci. Imp. Petropolitanae, vol. 14, pt. 1, 1770, p. 582, pl. 22, fig. 2 (Caspian Sea). Range: A visitor from western Asia, reported on migration or in winter from Samut Sakhon. Genus STERNA Linnaeus Sterna aurantia J. E. Gray Sterna aurantia J. E. Gray, Illustrations of Indian zoology, vol. 1, pt. 5, Jan. 25, 1831, pl. 69, fig. 2 (India). Range: Reported only from the rivers Mae Khong (north as far as Chiang Rai) and Mae Ping (mainly below the Gorges). Sterna hirundo tibetana Saunders Sterna tibetana Saunders, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, for 1876, pt. 3, October 1876, p. 649 (Tibet). Range: A visitor from central Asia, reported on migration or in winter along the eastern coast from Samut Prakan to Nakhon Si Thammarat, along the western coast from Phuket to Satun, and up the river Chao Phaya as far as Pathum Thani. Sterna dougallii bangsi Mathews Sterna dougallit bangsi Mathews, Birds of Australia, vol. 2, pt. 4, Noy. 1, 1912, p. 364 (Fuchow, Fukien Province, China). Range: Reported from islets of the Inner Gulf off Chon Buri and others in the neighborhood of Ko Phangan and Ko Samui. Sterna sumatrana sumatrana Raffles Sterna Sumatrana Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 2, [not earlier than] November 1822, p. 329 (Sumatra). Range: Reported from islets off the eastern coast from Chon Buri to Nakhon Si Thammarat, and also from the western coast (Phuket). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 45 Sterna acuticauda J. K. Gray Sterna acuticauda J. K. Gray, Illustrations of Indian zoology, vol. 1, pt. 6, Apr. 7, 1831, pl. 70, fig. 3 (Kanpur, Kanpur District, Uttar Pradesh State, India). Range: Reported only from the rivers Mae Khong (north as far as Chiang Rai) and Mae Ping (mainly below the Gorges). Sterna anaethetus anaethetus Scopoli Sterna (Anaethetus) Scopoli, Deliciae florae et faunae insubricae, pt. 2, 1786, p. 92 (Panay Island, Philippine Islands, ez Sonnerat). Range: Reported from numerous islets of the Inner Gulf off Chon Buri. Sterna fuscata nubilosa Sparrman Sterna nubilosa Sparrman, Museum carlsonianum, fasc. 3, 1788, No. 63, pl. 63 (“Finlandia,” error; type locality corrected to “India orientalis,” ex Sundevall, by Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., jahrg. 31, 1923, p. 41). Range: Reported from the Inner Gulf off the coast of Phet Buri. Sterna albifrons sinensis Gmelin [Sterna] sinensis Gmelin, Caroli a Linné . . . Systema naturae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 2, 1789, p. 608 (China). Range: Reported along the eastern coast from Chanthaburi to Pattani and on the western coast from Phuket. Sterna albifrons saundersi Hume Sterna Saundersi Hume, in Butler, Stray Feathers, vol. 5, Nos. 3-4, August 1877, pp. 324, 325, 326 (Karachi, West Pakistan). Range: A visitor from the West, reported on migration or in winter from the southern peninsular provinces (Trang). Sterna bergii cristata Stephens Sterna cristata Stephens, in Shaw, General zoology, vol. 13, pt. 1, February 1826, p. 146 (‘‘China; and many of the south-eastern islands of Asia’’; type locality restricted to China, by Strese- mann, Nov. Zool., vol. 21, 1914, p. 57). Range: Reported along the eastern coast from Chon Buri to Nakhon Si Thammarat. Sterna bergii velox Cretzschmar Sterna Velox Cretzschmar, in Riippell, Atlas zu der Reise im nordlichen Afrika, abth. 1, Zoologie, hft. 5, 1827, p. 21, pl. 13 (“die Ktisten des rothen Meeres’’). Range: Reported along the western coast (Satun). 46 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Sterna zimmermanni Reichenow Sterna zimmermanni Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., jahrg. 11, No. 6, June 1903, p. 82 (Kiaohsien, Shantung Province, China). Range: A visitor from the coast of China, reported on migration or in winter from the peninsular provinces (Nakhon Si Thammarat). Genus ANOUS Stephens Anous stolidus pileatus (Scopoli) Sterna (pileata) Scopoli, Deliciae florae et faunae insubricae, pt. 2, 1786, p. 92 (no locality given=Philippine Islands, ez Sonnerat). Range: Reported from islets of the Inner Gulf of Siam off Chon Buri. Order COLUMBIFORMES Family COLUMBIDAE Genus TRERON Vieillot Treron apicauda apicauda Blyth Trleron]. apicauda ‘‘Hodgson” Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 14, pt. 2, [not earlier than May 22,] 1846, p. 854 (‘‘the south-eastern Himalaya and the hill ranges of Assam; being tolerably common at Darjeeling’’). Range: Evergreen forests of the northern plateau, on the West south to Tak, and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Treron seimundi seimundi (Robinson) Sphenocercus seimundi Robinson, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 25, No. 160, May 12, 1910, p. 98 (Semangko Pass, Selangor- Pahang border, Malaya). Range: Reported once from the northern plateau (Nan) and once from the central plains (Bangkok). Treron sphenura sphenura (Vigors) Vinago sphenura Vigors, Proc. Comm. Sci. Corr. Zool. Soc. Lon- don, pt. 1, No. 14, Mar. 2, 1832, p. 173 (Himalayas; type locality restricted to ‘the Simla-Almora area,’ Himachal Pradesh State, India, by Ticehurst and Whistler, Ibis, 1924, p. 472). Range: Reported from evergreen forests of the northern plateau, on the West south to Tak. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 47 Treron sieboldii murielae (Delacour) Sphenurus sieboldi muriele Delacour, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 47, No. 316, July 14, 1927, p. 152 (Hanoi [lat. 21°02’ N., long. 105°50’ E.], Hanoi Province, and Tam Dao [lat. 21°27’ N., long. 105°40’ K.], Vinhyen Province, Tongking. Range: Reported only from the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Treron curvirostra nipalensis (Hodgson) Toria Nipalensis Hodgson, Asiatick Researches, vol. 19, pt. 1, 1836, p. 164, pl. 9 (Nepal). Range: Forested areas of the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to the Isthmus of Kra. Treron curvirostra chaseni Stresemann Trleron]. curvirostra chaseni Stresemann, Auk, vol. 67, No. 1, Jan. 30, 1950, p. 82 (Rawang, Selangor State, Malaya). Range: Forested areas of the peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Treron pompadora phayrei (Blyth) Osmotreron Phayrei Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 31, No. 3, 1862, p. 344 (‘‘Asdém, Sylhet, Arakan, Pegu, Martaban, . . . Lower Bengal”; type locality here restricted to Toungoo District, Pegu Division, Lower Burma, ex Blyth, zbid., p. 331). Range: Forested areas of the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, and of the western provinces south to Kanchanaburi. Treron fulvicollis fulvicollis (Wagler) Clolumba]. fulvicollis Wagler, Systema avium, pars 1, 1827, Columba, sp. 8, p. [229] (Java, error; type locality corrected to Sumatra, by Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam, vol. 5, No. 1, 1921, p. 30). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Treron olax (Temminck) Columba olax Temminck, 7n Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 41,] vol. 4, De- cember 1823, pl. 241 and text (Sumatra). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. 48 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Treron vernans griseicapilla Schlegel [Treron] griseicapilla Schlegel, Nederlandsch Tijdschrift voor de Dierkunde, deel 1, afd. 2, 1863, p. 71 (‘‘SSumatra et... Bangka’”’; type locality restricted to Sumatra, by Oberholser, U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 159, 1932, p. 32, and further restricted to “Oédte S.O. de Sumatra,”’ by Junge, Temminckia, vol. 1, 1936, p. 6). Dendrophassa vernans abbotti Oberholser, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 14, No. 13, July 19, 1924, p. 298 (Ban Tha Chin flat. 7°34’ N., long. 99°34’ E.], Trang Province, Thailand). Range: The northern plateau (Lamphun), the southeastern prov- inces, and the western and peninsular provinces from Tak to the extreme South. Treron bicincta bicineta (Jerdon) V[inago]. bicincta Jerdon, Madras Journal of Literature and Science, vol. 12, No. 28, [not earlier than Sept. 22], 1840, p. 13 (“near sea coast, south of Tellicherry,’’ Malabar District, Madras State, India). Treron bisincta [sic] praetermissa Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Federated Malay States Mus., vol. 10, pt. 3, June 1921, p. 203 (Prachuap Khiri Khan [lat. 11°50’ N., long. 99°50’ E.], Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Thailand). Range: The eastern plateau (Nong Khai, Nakhon Ratchasima), the southeastern provinces, and the southwestern and peninsular provinces from Tak to Trang. Treron capellei magnirostris Strickland Treron magnirostris Strickland, in Blyth, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. 14, No. 89, August 1844, p. 116, footnote ({[Malacca]). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Treron phoenicoptera psuedo-crocopus (Gyldenstolpe) Sphenocercus pseudo-crocopus Gyldenstolpe, Orn. Monatsb., jahrg. 24, No. 2, February 1916, p. 29 (Sathani Pang Hua Phong [lat. 18°25’ N., long. 99°15’ E.], Lampang Province, Thailand). Range: Reported from all the provinces of the northern plateau, on the West south to Tak and Kamphaeng Phet. Treron phoenicoptera viridifrons Blyth Tr\eron). viridifrons Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 14, pt. 2, [not earlier than May 22], 1846, p. 849 (“‘the Tenasserim provinces’; type specimen probably erroneously said to have come from Mergui, by Sclater, Ibis, 1892, p. 86; type locality here restricted to Moulmein, Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 49 Range: Reported only from the southwestern provinces (Kan- chanaburi). Treron phoenicoptera annamensis (Ogilvie-Grant) Crocopus annamensis Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 23, No. 150, March 31, 1909, p. 67 (Nha Trang [lat. 12°15’ N., long 109°11’ E.], Nha Trang Province, Annam). Range: Reported from the eastern plateau (Loei, Khon Kaen, Nakhon Phanom). Genus PTILINOPUS Swainson Ptilinopus jambu (Gmelin) [Columba] Jambu Gmelin, Caroli a Linné . . . Systema naturae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 2, 1789, p. 784 (Java, error; type locality corrected to Sumatra, ex Marsden, by Hartert, Nov. Zool., vol. 9, 1902, p. 539). Range: Reported only from the southernmost peninsular provinces (Narathiwat). Genus DUCULA Hodgson Ducula aenea sylvatica (Tickell) Columba Sylvatica Tickell, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 2, No. 23, November 1833, p. 581 (“jungles of Borabhim and Dholbhim’”=Manbhum and Singhbhum Districts, Bihar State, India). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, and the western and peninsular provinces to the extreme South. Ducula bicolor (Scopoli) Columba (bicolor) Scopoli, Deliciae florae et faunae insubricae, pars 2, 1786, p. 94 (“Nova Guiana’”’= New Guinea, ex Sonnerat). Range: Reported from islets off the eastern coast and once from the coast itself (Chumphon). Ducula badia griseicapilla Walden Ducula griseicapilla Walden, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 4, vol. 16, No. 93, September 1875, p. 228 (Karen Hills, Burma). Range: The northern plateau, the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei, Phetchabun), and the western provinces south to Phet Buri. Ducula badia obscurata Conover Ducula badia obscurata Conover, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 43, No. 1, Mar. 12, 1930, p. 1 (Ban Bang Phra [lat. 12°15’ N., long. 102°30’ E.], Trat Province, Thailand). Range: Forests of the southeastern provinces (Chanthaburi, Trat). 50 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Genus COLUMBA Linnaeus Columba livia intermedia Strickland Columba intermedia Strickland, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. 13, No. 81, January 1844, p. 39 ({India]). Range: Long ago introduced from India and now ferine near human habitation in all parts of the country. Columba pulchricollis Blyth Clolumba]. pulchricollis “Hodgson” Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 14, pt. 2, No. 168, 1846, p. 866 (‘‘the wooded region of the eastern Himalaya’’= Nepal, ex Hodgson). Range: High mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Columba punicea Blyth OCf[olumba]. (Alsocomus) puniceus ‘“Tickell” Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 11, pt. 1, No. 125, May 1842, p. 461 (Chaibasa, Singbhum District, Bihar State, India.) Range: The southwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Sara Buri), the southeastern provinces (Chon Buri), and the southwestern and peninsular provinces from Phet Buri to Satun (south of the Isthmus of Kra reported mainly from islands off the western coast). Genus MACROPYGIA Swainson Macropygia unchall tusalia (Blyth) “Oolumba (Macropygia, Swainson,) [tusalia, Hodgson.]” Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 12, pt. 2, No. 148, November 1843, p. 936 (Darjeeling, Darjeeling District, Bengal State, India). Range: Evergreen forests of the northwestern provinces south to Tak and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Macropygia ruficeps assimilis Hume Macropygia assimilis Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 2, No. 4, June 1874, p. 441 (“in the Tenasserim hills north-east [szc] of Moulmein”; specimens from Kawludo, Salween District, and Mulayit, Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma, fide Hume and Davison, Stray Feathers, vol. 6, 1878, p. 420). Range: Evergreen forests of the northwestern provinces south to Tak and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Genus STREPTOPELIA Bonaparte Streptopelia orientalis Ihasae (Walton) Turtur lhase Walton, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 15, No. 117, July 10, 1905, p. 92 (Lhasa, Tibet). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 51 Range: Reported from the northern portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai), where perhaps present only on migration or in winter. Streptopelia orientalis agricola (‘Tickell) Clolumba]. Agricola Tickell, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 2, No. 23, November 1833, p. 581 (‘Jungles of Borabhtim and Dholbhtim’”’= Manbhum and Singhbhum Districts, Bihar State, India). Range: The northern plateau (excepting Chiang Rai) and the east- ern plateau (Loei, Sakon Nakhon, Ubon). Streptopelia tranquebarica humilis (Temminck) Columba humilis Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 44,] vol. 4, March 1824, pl. 259 and text (‘‘au Bengale et dans Vile de Lugon. . . . & Manille . . .”’; type locality [inferentially] restricted to Luzén Island, Philippine Islands, by Walden, Trans. Zool. Soc. London, volz:9) pt. 2;-1875, p. 219). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Streptopelia chinensis vacillans Hartert Streptopelia chinensis vacillans Hartert, Nov. Zool., vol. 23, No. 1, Apr. 14, 1916, p. 83 (Mengtsz [lat. 23°23’ N., long. 103°27’ E.], Yunnan Province, China). Range: Reported from the northern portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Phayao). Streptopelia chinensis tigrina (Temminck) Columba Tigrina Temminck, in Knip, Les pigeons, tome 1, 1810, les colombes, p. 94, pl. 43 (Timor. . . . Batavia’’; type local- ity restricted to Java, by Hartert, Nov. Zool., vol. 9, 1902, p. 423). Range: The northern plateau (excepting Chiang Rai and Phayao), the eastern plateau, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces to the extreme South. Genus GEOPELIA Swainson Geopelia striata striata (Linnaeus) [Columba] striata Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 12, tom. 1, 1766, p. 282 (‘in India orientali”’; type locality restricted to Java, by Stuart Baker, The fauna of British India, Birds, ed. 2, vol. 5, 1928, p. 258). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South, but introduced onto the northern plateau (Chiang Mai) and the central plains (Bangkok). 52 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Genus CHALCOPHAPS Gould Chaleophaps indica indica (Linnaeus) [Columba] indica Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 164 (“in India orientali” ; type locality restricted to Calcutta, Calcutta District, Bengal State, India, apud Stuart Baker). Range: Evergreen forests of the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, and of the western and peninsular provinces to the extreme South. Genus CALOENAS G. R. Gray Caloenas nicobarica nicobarica (Linnaeus) [Columba] nicobarica Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 164 (‘in insula Nicombar prope Pegu indicum’’). Range: Reported from islets off both coasts of the peninsular prov- inces south of the Isthmus of Kra. Order PSITTACIFORMES Family PSITTACIDAE Genus PSITTACULA Cuvier Psittacula eupatria siamensis (Boden Kloss) Palzornis eupatria siamensis Boden Kloss, Journ. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam, vol. 2, No. 3, May 1917, p. 219 (Sathani Lat Bua Khao flat. 14°50’ N., long. 101°35’ E.], Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand). Range: The western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Lamphun), the eastern plateau, the northern portion of the central plains, and the western provinces south to Kanchanaburi. Psittacula alexandri fasciata (P. L. S. Miiller) Psittacus fasciatus P. L. S. Miller, Natursystems Supplements- und Register-Band, 1776, p. 74 (Pondicherry, ex Buffon, error; type locality corrected to Arakan Division, Burma, by Tice- hurst, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. 36, 1933, p. 934). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Phangnga. Psittacula roseata juneae Biswas Psittacula roseata juneae Biswas, Amer. Mus. Nov., No. 1500, Apr. 5, 1951, p. 5 (Arakan Division, Burma). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 53 Psittacula finschii (Hume) Palzornis Finschit Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 2, No. 6, October 1874, p. 509 (‘chiefly in the neighbourhood of Kollidoo,” Sal- ween District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: The northern plateau (excepting Chiang Rai and Phayao) and the eastern plateau. Genus PSITTINUS Blyth Psittinus cyanurus cyanurus (Forster) [Psittacus] cyanurus Forster, Faunula indica, ed. 2, 1795, p. 6 (Malacca, ex Latham). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus LORICULUS Blyth Loriculus vernalis vernalis (Sparrman) Psittacus vernalis Sparrman, Museum carlsonianum, fasc. 2, 1787, No. 29 and pl. (no locality; Cachar District, Assam State, India, designated as type locality by Stuart Baker, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. 28, No. 2, 1922, p. 333). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, and the western provinces south to Kanchanaburi. Loriculus vernalis phileticus Deignan Loriculus vernalis phileticus Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 69, No. 36, Dec. 31, 1956, p. 207 (Ban Phra Muang [lat. 7°20’ N., long. 99°30’ E.], Trang Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Trang. Loriculus galgulus (Linnaeus) [Psittacus] Galgulus Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 103 (“India,”’ error; type locality corrected to ‘‘Malay Peninsula, Malacca,” by Hartert, Nov. Zool., vol. 9, 1902, p. 542). Range: Reported only from the southernmost peninsular provinces (Pattani, Yala). Order CUCULIFORMES Family CUCULIDAE Genus CLAMATOR Kaup Clamator coromandus (Linnaeus) [Cuculus] coromandus Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 12, tom. 1, 1766, p. 171 (Coromandel Coast of India). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Satun. o4 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Genus CUCULUS Linnaeus Cuculus sparverioides sparverioides Vigors Cuculus sparverioides Vigors, Proc. Comm. Sci. Corr. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 1, No. 14, Mar. 2, 1832, p. 173 (Himalayas; type locality restricted to ‘the Simla-Almora area,’’ Himachal Pra- desh State, India, by Ticehurst and Whistler, Ibis, 1924, p. 472). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Trang. Cuculus varius Vahl Cuculus Varius Vahl, Skrivter af Naturhistorie-Selskabet [Kj6- benhavn], aarg. 4, hefte 1, 1797, p. 61 (Tranquebar, Tanjore District, Madras State, India). Range: Once reported from the northern peninsular provinces (Pra- chuap Khiri Khan). Cuculus fugax nisicolor Blyth C[uculus]. nisicolor Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 12, pt. 2, No. 143, November 1843, p. 943 (Nepal). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus and, on migration or in winter, the peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan south to Satun. Cuculus fugax fugax Horsfield Cuculus fugax Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 1, May 1821, p. 178 (Java). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Trang. Cuculus vagans 8. Miiller Cuclulus|. vagans S. Miiller, Verhandelingen over de natuur- lijke Geschiedenis der Nederlandsche Overzeesche Bezit- tingen . . . Land-en Volkenkunde, pt. 8, Sept. 20, 1845, p. 233, footnote (Java). Range: Reported from the southeastern provinces (Chon Buri) and the peninsular provinces from Chumphon south to Phuket. Cuculus micropterus micropterus Gould Cuculus micropterus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 5, No. 60, Dec. 5, 1838, p. 137 (Himalayas). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the central plains, and, on migration or in winter, the peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Cuculus micropterus concretus S. Miiller Cuculus concretus 8. Miiller, Verhandelingen over de natuurlijke Geschiedenis der Nederlandsche Overzeesche Bezittingen .. . THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 55 Land- en Volkenkunde, pt. 8, Sept. 20, 1845, p. 236, footnote (Java). Range: Reported from the southern peninsular provinces (Trang). Cuculus canorus bakeri Hartert Cuculus canorus bakeri Hartert, Die Végel der paliarktischen Fauna, band 2, hft. 1, February 1912, p. 948 (Shillong, Khasi and Jaintia Hills District, Assam State, India). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Cuculus saturatus saturatus Blyth Cluculus]. saturatus Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 12, pt. 2, No. 143, November 1843, p. 942 (no locality; type speci- mens from Nepal, fide Shelley, Catalogue of the birds in the British Museum, vol. 19, 1891, p. 254). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai) and the central plains south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Cuculus poliocephalus poliocephalus Latham [Cuculus| poliocephalus Latham, Index ornithologicus, vol. 1 1790, p. 214 (India). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the central plains (Bangkok). Genus CACOMANTIS S. Miller ) Cacomantis sonneratii sonneratii (Latham) [Cuculus] Sonnerativi Latham, Index ornithologicus, vol. 1, 1790, p. 215 (India). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the southwestern provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Cacomantis sonneratii malayanus (Chasen and Boden Kloss) Penthoceryx sonnerati matayanus Chasen and Boden Kloss, Bull. Raffles Mus., No. 5, August 1931, p. 84 (Kuala Lumpur, Selangor State, Malaya). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Cacomantis merulinus querulus Heine Cacomantis querulus Heine, Journ. fiir Orn., jahrg. 11, hft. 5, No. 65, [not earlier than November] 18638, p. 352. New name for Polyphasia tenuirostris “Gray” Jerdon, The birds of India, vol. 1, 1862, p. 335 (‘Lower Bengal, and in all the countries to the East, as Assam, Sylhet, Burmah, and even so far as 546-019—63——5 56 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 China’’), not Cuculus tenwirostris Gray, 1834=Cuculus pas- serinus Vahl, 1797. Range: Reported from every part of the country, but perhaps found only on migration or in winter in the more southern peninsular provinces. Cacomantis merulinus threnodes Cabanis and Heine Olacomantis]. threnodes Cabanis and Heine, Museum Heineanum, | theil 4, heft 1, 1862, p. 19 (Malacca). Range: Reported only from the southernmost peninsular provinces (Pattani). Cacomantis variolosus sepulcralis (S. Miller) Oluculus)]. sepulcralis S. Miller, Verhandelingen over de natuur- lijke Geschiedenis der Nederlandsche Overzeesche Bezit- tingen . . . Land- en Volkenkunde, pt. 6, June 12, 1848, p. 177, footnote (Java and Sumatra). Range: The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. Genus CHRYSOCOCCYX Boie Chrysococcyx maculatus (Gmelin) [Trogon] maculatus Gmelin, Caroli a Linné. . . Systema naturae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 1, 1788, p. 404 (Ceylon). Chrysococcyx schomburgki Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, for 1864, pt. 1, May 1864, p. 73 (Thailand; type locality here restricted to Bangkok [lat. 13°45’ N., long. 100°30’ E.]). Range: Reported in summer only from the northern plateau, but on migration or in winter also from the eastern plateau, the south- eastern provinces, the central plains, and the southwestern and peninsular provinces south to Trang and Phatthalung. Chrysococcyx xanthorhynchus limborgi Tweeddale Chrysococcyx limborgi Tweeddale, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, for 1877, pt. 2, August 1877, p. 366 (‘Base of Miulé-it range,” Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces to the extreme South. Chrysococcyx malayanus malayanus (Raffles) Cuculus Malayanus Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 2, [not earlier than November] 1822, p. 286 (Malay Penin- sula). Range: Reported only from the southernmost peninsular provinces (Pattani, Yala, Narathiwat). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 57 Genus SURNICULUS Lesson Surniculus lugubris dicruroides (Hodgson) Pseudornis Dicruroides Hodgson, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 8, pt. 1, No. 86, 1839, p. 136, pl. (Nepal). Range: Reported in summer only from the northern plateau, but on migration or in winter also from the eastern plateau, the south- eastern provinces, the central plains, and the southwestern and peninsular provinces to the extreme South. Surniculus lugubris barussarum Oberholser Surniculus lugubris barussarum Oberholser, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 60, No. 7, Oct. 26, 1912, p. 5 (Tana Bala Island, Batu Group, Barussan Islands, Indian Ocean off Sumatra). Range: The southeastern provinces and the peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. Genus EUDYNAMYS Vigors and Horsfield Eudynamys scolopacea chinensis Cabanis and Heine E{udynamis]. chinensis Cabanis and Heine, Museum Heineanum, theil 4, heft 1, 1862, p. 52, footnote (Canton, Kwangtung Province, China). Range: Reported in summer from the northern and eastern plateaus, but on migration or in winter also from the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the southwestern and peninsular provinces south to Trang. Eudynamys scolopacea malayana Cabanis and Heine Efudynamis]. malayana Cabanis and Heine, Museum Heineanum, theil 4, heft 1, 1862, p. 52 (‘‘SSunda-Inseln” and Sumatra). Range: The southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the southwestern and peninsular provinces to the extreme South. Genus PHAENICOPHAEUS Stephens Phaenicophaeus diardi diardi (Lesson) Melias Diardi Lesson, Traité d’ornithologie, livr. 2, May 1830, p. 132 (Java, error; type locality corrected to Sumatra, by Hartert, Nov. Zool., vol. 9, 1902, p. 545). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Phaenicophaeus sumatranus sumatranus (Raffles) Cuculus Sumatranus Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 2, [not earlier than November] 1822, p. 287 (“Sumatra and the adjacent islands’’). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. 58 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Phaenicophaeus tristis saliens (Mayr) Rhopodytes tristis saliens Mayr, Ibis, ser. 14, vol. 2, No. 2, Apr. 1, 1938, p. 306 (Chapa [lat. 22°20’ N., long. 103°50’ E.], Laokay Province, Tongking). Range: Reported from the eastern portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Phayao, Lampang, Phrae, Nan). Phaenicophaeus tristis longicaudatus Blyth Phenicophxus longicaudatus Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 10, pt. 2, No. 119, 1842, p. 923 (Tenasserim Division, Burma; type specimen “procured in the vicinity of Maulmain,”’ Amherst District, fide Blyth, ibid., p. 917.) Range: The western portion of the northern plateau (Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai), the eastern plateau, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces to the extreme South. Phaenicophaeus chlorophaeus chlorophaeus (Raffles) Cuculus chloropheus Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13,. pt. 2, {not earlier than November] 1822, p. 288 (‘forests of Sumatra’’). Range: The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. Phaenicophaeus javanicus pallidus (Robinson and Boden Kloss) Zanclostomus javanicus pallidus Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Federated Malay States Mus., vol. 10, pt. 3, June 1921, p. 203 (Gunong Jerai [lat. 5°47’ N., long. 100°26’ E.], State of Kedah, Malaya). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Phaenicophaeus curvirostris singularis (Parrot) Rhamphococcyx curvirostris singularis Parrot, Abh. Bayer. Akad. Wiss., klasse 2, band 24, abt. 1, 1907, p. 186 (Sumatra). Range: The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. Genus CARPOCOCCYX G. R. Gray Carpococcyx renauldi Oustalet Carpococcyx Renauldi Oustalet, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. [Paris], tome 2, No. 7, Dec. 21, 1896, p. 314 (Quangtri Province, Annam). Range: Reported from the eastern plateau (Nakhon Ratchasima) and the southeastern provinces (Chanthaburi). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 59 Genus CENTROPUS Illiger Centropus sinensis intermedius (Hume) Clentrococcyx]. intermedius Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 1, No. 6, December 1873, p. 454 (“‘the Dhoon, Dacca, and Thayet myo”; type locality restricted to Thayetmyo District, Magwe Divi- sion, Burma, by Stresemann, Nov. Zool., vol. 20, 1913, p. 322). Range: Common in every part of the country, expecting the south- ernmost peninsular provinces. Centropus sinensis eurycercus Blyth Clentropus]. eurycercus “A. Hay” Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Ben- gal, vol. 14, pt. 2, No. 164, August 1845, p. 551 (Malacca). Range: Common in the three southernmost peninsular provinces (Pattani, Yala, Narathiwat). Centropus toulou bengalensis (Gmelin) [Cuculus] bengalensis Gmelin, Caroli a Linné. . . Systema natu- rae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 1, 1788, p. 412 (Bengal State, India). Range: A visitor from southern China, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Centropus toulou chamnongi Deignan Centropus toulou chamnongi Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washing- ton, vol. 68, No. 23, Oct. 31, 1955, p. 146 (Ban Khlong Khlung [lat. 16°10’ N., long. 99°45’ E.], Kamphaeng Phet Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the central plains. Centropus toulou javanensis Dumont Centropus javanensis Dumont, Dictionnaire des sciences natu- relles, éd. Levrault, tome 11, 1818, p. 144 (Java). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Order STRIGIFORMES Family TYTONIDAE Genus TYTO Billberg Tyto alba stertens Hartert Tyto alba stertens Hartert, Nov. Zool., vol. 35, No. 2, Sept. 30, 1929, p. 98 (Silchar, Cachar District, Assam State, India). Range: The northern plateau (Chiang Mai), the eastern plateau (Sakon Nakhon), and the central plains. 60 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Family STRIGIDAE Genus PHODILUS Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire Phodilus badius badius (Horsfield) Strix badia Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 1, May 1821, p. 1389 (Java; type specimens ‘‘from . . . the dis- trict of Pugar [lat. 8°22’ S., long. 113°28’ E.], and from the ranges of low hills south of the capital of Surakarta [lat. 7°33’ S., long. 110°50’ E.],” fide Horsfield, Zoological researches in Java, No. 4, June 1822, text accompanying pl. [37)). Range: Evergreen forests of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Lamphun, Tak), the eastern plateau (Nakhon Ratchasima), the southeastern provinces (Chon Buri), and the peninsular provinces (Prachuap Khiri Khan). Genus OTUS Pennant Otus sagittatus (Cassin) Ephialtes sagittatus Cassin, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 4, No. 6, [not earlier than Dec. 26], 1848, p. 121 (‘‘India?” and Malacca). Range: Reported from evergreen forests of the peninsular provinces (Prachuap Khiri Khan, Trang, Narathiwat). Otus spilocephalus siamensis Robinson and Boden Kloss Otus luciae siamensis Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Fed- erated Malay States Mus., vol. 10, pt. 4, December 1922, p. 261 (Khao Nong [lat. 8°55’ N., long. 99°38’ E.], Surat Thani Province, Thailand). Range: The northwestern provinces (Chiang Mai, Lamphun, Tak) and the peninsular provinces (Surat Thani, Nakhon Si Thammarat). Otus scops stictonotus (Bowdler Sharpe) Scops stictonotus Bowdler Sharpe, Catalogue of the birds in the British Museum, vol. 2, 1875, p. 54, pl. 3, fig. 2 (China). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai), the central plains (Bangkok), the peninsular provinces (Phuket, Trang), and the islet Ko Tao [in the Gulf of Siam off Chumphon]. Otus scops distans Friedmann and Deignan Otus senegalensis distans Friedmann and Deignan, Journ. Wash- ington Acad. Sci., vol. 29, No. 7, July 15, 1939, p. 287 (Sathani Mae Tha [lat. 18°30’ N., long. 99°10’ E.], Lamphun Province, Thailand). Range: Reported from the northern plateau (Lamphun) and the eastern plateau (Nakhon Ratchasima). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 61 Otus bakkamoena lettia (Hodgson) [Scops] Lettia Hodgson, Asiatic Researches, vol. 19, pt. 1, 1836, p. 176 (Nepal). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, the central plains, and the southwestern provinces (Kanchana- buri). Otus bakkamoena condorensis Boden Kloss Otus bakkamoena condorensis Boden Kloss, Journ. Siam Soc. Nat. Hist. Suppl., vol. 8, No. 2, November 1930, p. 81 (Pulau Kon- dor, about 45 miles off the coast of Cochin-China). Range: The peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra. Genus BUBO Duméril Bubo nipalensis nipalensis Hodgson [Bubo] Nipalensis Hodgson, Asiatic Researches, vol. 19, pt. 1, 1836, p. 172 (Nepal). Range: Reported from the northern and eastern plateaus and the western provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Bubo sumatranus sumatranus (Raffles) Strix Sumatrana Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 2, [not earlier than November] 1822, p. 279 (Sumatra). Range: Reported from the peninsular provinces south of the Isth- mus of Kra. Bubo coromandus klossii Robinson Bubo coromandus. klossii Robinson, Journ. Federated Malay States Mus., vol. 4, Nos. 3 & 4, November 1911, p. 246 (Gunong Semanggol [lat. 5°00’ N., long. 100°40’ E.], Perak State, Malaya). Range: The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. Genus KETUPA Lesson Ketupa zeylonensis leschenault (Temminck) Strix leschenault Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 4,] vol. 2, Novem- ber 1820, pl. 20 and text (‘‘provinces orientales de |’Inde’’; type locality inferentially restricted to Chandernagore, Hooghly District, Bengal State, India, by Stuart Baker, Fauna of Brit- ish India, Birds, ed. 2, vol. 4, 1927, p. 409). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Trang. 62 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Ketupa ketupu aagaardi (Neumann) Bubo ketupu aagaardi Neumann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 55, No. 386, Apr. 30, 1935, p. 138 (Ban Bang Nara= Muang Nara- thiwat [lat. 6°25’ N., long. 101°50’ E.], Narathiwat Province, Thailand). Range: The southeastern provinces (Trat) and the peninsular prov- inces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. Genus GLAUCIDIUM Boie Glaucidium brodiei brodiei (Burton) Noctua Brodiei Burton, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 3, No. 34, Feb. 12, 1836, p. 152 (“apud Montes Himalayenses”’; type lo- cality restricted to Simla, Simla District, Punjab State, India, apud Stuart Baker, Fauna of British India, Birds, ed. 2, vol. 4, 1927, p. 450). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Surat Thani. Glaucidium cuculoides rufescens Stuart Baker Glaucidium cuculoides rufescens Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 47, No. 309, Nov. 27, 1926, p. 59 (‘“‘Noongzai-ban, the low westernmost ridge of the Western hills,’ Chief Com- missioner’s State of Manipur, India, fide Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 11, 1888, p. 51; type specimen probably from about lat. 24°48’ N., long. 93°12’ E., where the ridge is crossed by the Lakhipur-Imphal trail). Range: The northernmost provinces of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Rai, Phayao). Glaucidium cuculoides briigeli (Parrot) Athene cuculoides briigeli Parrot, Verh. Orn. Ges. Bayern 1907, band 8, Nov. 14, 1908, p. 104 (““Bangkok,”’ error; type locality corrected to Ban Sam Khok [lat. 14°05’ N., long. 100°30’ E.], Pathum Thani Province, Thailand, by Deignan, U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 186, 1945, p. 179). Range: The northern plateau (excepting the provinces mentioned just above), the eastern plateau, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Chumphon. Glaucidium cuculoides deignani Ripley Glaucidium cuculoides deignani Ripley, Zoologica [New York], vol. 33, pt. 4, Nos. 13 & 14, Dec. 31, 1948, p. 200 (Ban Nong Kho [lat. 13°10’ N., long. 101°05’ E.J], Chon Buri Province, Thailand). Range: The southeastern provinces, THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 63 Genus NINOX Hodgson Ninox scutulata florensis (Wallace) Athene florensis Wallace, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, for 1863, pt.3, February 1864, p. 488 (Flores, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from islands off the western coast (Trang). Ninox scutulata burmanica Hume N{inoz]. burmanica Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 4, Nos. 4, 5, & 6, December 1876, p. 285 (Pegu and Tenasserim; type locality inferentially restricted to Tenasserim, by Hume, in Hume and Davison, Stray Feathers, vol. 6, 1878, p. 40; here further restricted to Kyauknyat [lat. 18°16’ N., long. 97°31’ E.], Salween District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, the central plains, and the western provinces south to Rat Buri. Ninox scutulata scutulata (Raffles) Strix scutulata Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 2, [not earlier than November] 1822, p. 280 (Sumatra). Range: The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. Genus ATHENE Boie Athene brama mayri Deignan Athene brama mayri Deignan, Auk, vol. 58, No. 3, July 9, 1941, p. 396 (Udon=Ban Mak Khaeng [lat. 17°25’ N., long. 102°45’ E.], Udon Thani Province, Thailand). Range: The northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Lamphun), the eastern plateau (Udon Thani, Nakhon Phanom, Khon Kaen, Sara Buri), the southeastern provinces (Chon Burt), the central plains, and the western provinces south to Rat Buri. Genus STRIX Linnaeus Strix selo-puto selo-puto Horsfield Striz Selo-puto Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Sec. London, vol. 13, pt. 1, May 1821, p. 140 (Java). Range: The eastern plateau (Chaiyaphum), the central plains (Pathum Thani, Samut Sakhon), and the peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Strix leptogrammica laotiana Delacour Strix newarensis laotianus [sic] Delacour, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 47, No. 308, Nov. 6, 1926, p. 11 (Chiang Khwang [lat. 19°19’ N., long. 103°22’ E.], Chiang Khwang Province, Laos). Range: The northern plateau (Chiang Mai) and the eastern plateau (Nakhon Ratchasima). 64 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Strix leptogrammica maingayi (Hume) [Syrnium] maingayi Hume, in Hume and Davison, Stray Feathers, vol. 6, Nos. 1-6, June 1878, pp. 27-28 ([Malacca]). Striz indranee rileyi E. H. Kelso, Auk, vol. 54, No, 3, July 2, 1937, p. 305 (Khao Nok Ra [lat. 7°25’ N., long. 99°55’ E.], Trang Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus ASIO Brisson Asio flammeus flammeus (Pontoppidan) [Strix] Flammea Pontoppidan, Den danske Atlas eller Konge-riget Dannemark, vol. 1, 1763, p. 617, pl. 25 (no locality given= Sweden, ex Fauna Svecica; type locality restricted to “Southern Sweden,” by Hartert, Nov. Zool., vol. 9, 1902, p. 428). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai) and the central plains (Bangkok). Order CAPRIMULGIFORMES Family PODARGIDAE Genus BATRACHOSTOMUS Gould Batrachostomus auritus (J. E. Gray) Podargus Auritus “Vigors & Horsfield’” J. E. Gray, in Cuvier, The animal kingdom, ed. Griffith and Pidgeon, vol. 7, 1829, p. 114 and pl. (no type locality given=Sumatra, ex Vigors, in Raffles, Memoirs, 1830, p. 652). Range: Reported only from Nakhon Si Thammarat (Heine and Reichenow, Nomenclator Musei Heineani Ornithologici, 1890, p. 159). Batrachostomus stellatus (Gould) Podargus Stellatus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 5, No. 52, Dec. 5, 1837, p. 43 (‘“Java,” error; type locality corrected to Malacca, by Hartert, Nov. Zool., vol. 9, 1902, p. 542). Range: The peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Surat Thani, Krabi). Batrachostomus hodgsoni indochinae Stresemann Batrachostomus hodgsoni indochinae Stresemann, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, band 22, heft 2, Oct. 30, 1937, p. 320 (Dak To [lat. 14°42’ N., long. 107°49’ E.], Kontoum Province, Annam). Range: Reported only from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 65 Batrachostomus javensis continentalis Stresemann Batrachostomus javensis continentalis Stresemann, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, band 22, heft 2, Oct. 30, 1937, p. 327 (Valley of the Thaungyin, Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: The peninsular provinces from Phet Buri to Chumphon and the southeastern provinces (Chanthaburi). Family CAPRIMULGIDAE Genus EUROSTOPODUS Gould Eurostopodus macrotis cerviniceps (Gould) Lyncornis cerviniceps Gould, Icones avium, pt. 2 [Monograph of the Caprimulgidae, pt. 1], August 1838, pl. [14] and text (‘China or the adjacent islands,” error; type locality corrected to Trang Province, Thailand, by Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam, vol. 5, No. 2, 1923, p. 140). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, the central plains (Bangkok), and the western and peninsular provinces south to Trang. Genus CAPRIMULGUS Linnaeus Caprimulgus indicus jotaka Temminck and Schlegel Caprimulgus jotaka Temminck and Schlegel, zn Siebold, Fauna japonica, Aves, pts. 2 & 3, 1847, p. 37, pll. 12 o&, 13 2 (Wapan). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai) and the penin- sular provinces (Trang). Caprimulgus indicus hazarae Whistler and Kinnear Caprimulgus indicus hazarae Whistler and Kinnear, Journ. Bom- bay Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. 38, No. 1, Aug. 15, 1935, p. 37 (Abbot- tabad, Hazara District, North-West Frontier Province, Pakistan). Range: Reported from the central plains (Nakhon Sawan) and the island Pulau Terutau [off the coast of Satun]. Caprimulgus macrurus bimaculatus Peale Caprimulgus bimaculatus Peale, U.S. Exploring Expedition, vol. 8, 1848, p. 170 (Singapore Island, Malaya). Range: Common throughout the country from Chiang Rai to the extreme South. 66 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Caprimulgus asiaticus asiaticus Latham [Caprimulgus| asiaticus Latham, Index ornithologicus, vol. 2, 1790, p. 588 (Bombay, Bombay State, India). Caprimulgus asiaticus siamensis Meyer de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 85, Feb. 21, 1934, p. 373 (Muang Chiang Mai [lat. 18°45’ N., long. 99°00’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: The northern plateau (excepting the provinces of Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Rai, and Phayao), the southwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Sara Buri), the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Caprimulgus affinis monticolus Franklin Caprimulgus monticolus Franklin, Proc. Comm. Sci. Corr. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 1, No. 10; Oct. 25, 1831, p. 116°(*. .-. on the Ganges between Calcutta and Benares, and in the Vindhyian hills between the latter place and Gurrah Mundela, on the Nerbudda,”’ India). Range: The northern plateau (excepting the provinces of Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Rai, and Phayao), the eastern plateau (Loei, Khon Kaen), the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western provinces (Kanchanaburi). Order APODIFORMES Family APODIDAE Genus COLLOCALIA G. R. Gray Collocalia maxima maxima Hume Collocalia mazima Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 4, Nos. 1, 2 & 3, January 1876, p. 223 (‘“‘Mergui, Bankasoon,’’ Mergui District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Nomen nudum! Collocalia maxima Hume, in Hume and Davison, Stray Feathers, vol. 6, Nos. 1-6, June 1878, p. 49 (Tenasserim Division, Burma) [quoted in synonymy of Collocalia innominata Hume,1878 (““Mergui, Bankasoon,”’ Mergui District, Tenasserim Division, Burma), not Collocalia innominata Hume, 1873 (Andaman Islands)]. Collocalia lowi robinsoni Stresemann, Bull. Raffles Mus., No. 6, December 1931, pp. 83 [nomen nudum!], 98 (Pulau Belitung [an islet south of Pulau Terutau], off the coast of Satun Prov- ince, Thailand). Range: The western coast and its offshore islands from the Isthmus of Kra to Satun. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 67 Collocalia brevirostris innominata Hume Collocalia innominata Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 1, Nos. 2, 3, & 4, February 1873, p. 294 (Andaman Islands; type specimen from Port Mouat, South Andaman Island, fide Hartert, Cata- logue of the birds in the British Museum, vol. 16, 1892, p. 503). Range: A visitor from China, reported on migration or in winter from the peninsular provinces (Nakhon Si Thammarat). Collocalia brevirostris rogersi Deignan Collocalia brevirostris rogerst Deignan, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 75, No. 9, Dec. 1, 1955, p. 118 (Ban Hin Laem [lat. 14°40’ N., long. 98°40’ E.], Kanchanaburi Province, Thailand). Range: Limestone crags of the northern and western provinces south to Kanchanaburi, on migration or in winter reported also from the peninsular provinces (Prachuap Khiri Khan, Surat Thani). Collocalia inexpectata germani Oustalet Collocalia Germani Oustalet, Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris, sér. 6, tome 13, [not earlier than January 22], 1876, p. 3 (Pulau Kondor, about 45 miles off the coast of Cochin-China). Range: Along the eastern coast from Prachuap Khiri Khan to Songkhla, and the western coast from the Isthmus of Kra to Satun. Genus CHAETURA Stephens Chaetura cochinchinensis cochinchinensis Oustalet Chetura cochinchinensis Oustalet, Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris, sér. 7, tome 2, No. 1, 1878, p. 52 (Saigon, Cochin-China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Phrae) and the central plains (Nakhon Sawan). Chaetura gigantea indica Hume Chetura indica [Hume], Stray Feathers, vol. 1, No. 6, December 1873, p. 471 (Andaman Islands and Southern India). Range: Reported from the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the peninsular prov- inces (Phuket). Chaetura gigantea gigantea (Temminck) Cypselus giganteus ‘‘V. Hass.” Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, livr. 61,] vol. 4, August 1825, pl. 364 and text (Bantam district, Java). Range: Reported from the peninsular provinces (Trang). 68 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Chaetura leucopygialis (Blyth) Acanthylis leucopygialis Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 18, pt. 2, for August 1849, p. 809 (Penang Island, Malaya). Range: Reported from the peninsular provinces (Nakhon Si Thammarat, Trang). Genus APUS Scopoli Apus pacificus pacificus (Latham) Hirundo]. pacifica Latham, Index ornithologicus, suppl., 1801, p. lviii (“New Holland’’; type locality inferentially restricted to New South Wales, by Mathews, Nov. Zool., vol. 18, 1912, p. 292). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the southeastern provinces (Chanthaburi), the central plains (Bangkok), and the peninsular provinces (Surat Thani). Apus pacificus cooki (Harington) Cypselus pacificus cooki Harington, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 31, No. 185, Feb. 27, 1913, p. 57 (caves of the Gokteik Gorge [lat. 22°20’ N., long. 96°52’ E.], Hsipaw State, Northern Shan State, Burma). Range: Reported from the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai) and on migration or in winter from the peninsular provinces (Surat Thani). Apus affinis subfurcatus (Blyth) Cypselus subfurcatus Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 18, pt. 2, for August 1849, p. 807 (‘“Malay Peninsula,” fide Sclater, Ibis, 1892, p. 83; type locality commonly restricted to Penang Island, Malaya, one of the localities mentioned by Blyth). Range: Reported from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai), islets of the Inner Gulf, and the peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan south to Trang. Genus CYPSIURUS Lesson Cypsiurus parvus infumatus (Sclater) Cypselus infumatus P. L. Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, for 1865, pt. 3, March 1866, p. 602 (Banjermasin, Borneo). Range: Not yet reported from the eastern plateau, but otherwise found throughout the country from Chiang Rai to the extreme South. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 69 Family HEMIPROCNIDAE Genus HEMIPROCNE Nitzsch Hemiprocne longipennis coronata (Tickell) Hirundo Coronata Tickell, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 2, No. 23, November 1833, p. 580 (‘“Jungles of Borabhtim and Dhol- bhim’=Manbhum and Singhbhum Districts, Bihar State, India). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus and the western prov- inces south to Kanchanaburi. Hemiprocne longipennis harterti Stresemann Hemiprocne longipennis harterti Stresemann, Nov. Zool., vol. 20, No. 2, June 17, 1913, p. 339 (Batu Sankahan, Deli district, Sumatra). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Hemiprocne comata comata (Temminck) Cypselus comatus Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux [livr. 45], vol. 4, April 1824, pl. 268 and text (Sumatra). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Order TROGONIFORMES Family TROGONIDAE Genus HARPACTES Swainson Harpactes kasumba kasumba (Raffles) Trogon Kasumba Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 2, [not earlier than November] 1822, p. 282 (Sumatra). Range: Reported only from the southernmost peninsular provinces (Narathiwat). Harpactes diardii sumatranus Blasius Harpactes diardi sumatranus Blasius, Mitt. Geogr. Ges. Nat. Mus. Liibeck, reihe 2, heft 10 & 11, Sept. 18, 1896, p. 95 (‘““Malay- ische Halbinsel und Sumatra”’; type locality restricted to Suma- tra, by Riley, U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 172, 1938, p. 165). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. 70 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Harpactes duvaucelii (Temminck) Trogon duvaucelii Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 49,] vol. 3, August 1824, pl. 291 and text (Sumatra). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Harpactes oreskios stellae Deignan Harpactes oreskios stellae Deignan, Auk, vol. 58, No. 3, July 9, 1941, p. 397 (Ban Chiang Dao [lat. 19°20’ N., long. 99°00’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, and the western provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Harpactes oreskios uniformis (Robinson) Pyrotrogon oreskios uniformis Robinson, Journ. Federated Malay States Mus., vol. 7, pt. 3, September 1917, p. 149 (Sathani Lam Phila [lat. 7°40’ N., long. 99°35’ E.], Trang Province, Thailand, and Gunong Jerai (Kedah Peak) [lat. 5°47’ N., long. 100°26’ E.], Kedah State, Malaya). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Harpactes erythrocephalus erythrocephalus (Gould) Trogon erythrocephalus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 2, No. 16, June 19, 1834, p. 25 (Rangoon, Rangoon Town District, Pegu Division, Burma). Range: Reported from the northern and western provinces of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chiang Mai, Lamphun, Tak). Harpactes erythrocephalus annamensis (Robinson and Boden Kloss) Pyrotrogon erythrocephalus annamensis Robinson and Boden Kloss, Ibis, ser. 11, vol. 1, No. 3, July 1, 1919, p. 424 (Dran [lat. 11°49’ N., long. 108°38’ E.], Haut-Donai Province, Annam). Range: Reported from the southeastern provinces of the northern plateau and from the eastern plateau (Loei, Phetchabun, Nakhon Ratchasima). Harpactes erythrocephalus klossi (Robinson) Pyrotrogon erythrocephalus klossi Robinson, Ibis, ser. 10, vol. 3, No. 4, Oct. 8, 1915, p. 735 (Ko Chang [lat. 12°00’ N., long. 102°30’ E.], off the coast of Trat Province, Thailand). Range: Reported from the southeastern provinces (Chanthaburi, Trat). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND we Order CORACIIFORMES Family ALCEDINIDAE Genus CERYLE Boie Ceryle lugubris guttulata Stejneger Ceryle guttulata Stejneger, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 14, No. 904, Aug. 2, 1892, p. 294. New name for Alcedo guttatus Vigors, Proc. Comm. Sci. Corr. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 1, No. 2, Feb. 1, 1831, p. 22 (Himalayas; type locality restricted to Cachar District, Assam State, India, by Stuart Baker, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. 28, 1922, p. 314), not Alcedo guttata Bod- daert, 1783. Range: Reported from the western provinces of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai, Tak). Ceryle rudis leucomelanura Reichenbach Cleryle]. leucomelanura Reichenbach, Icones ad Synopsin Avium, continuatio No. viii, Alcedineae, 1851, p. 21, pl. ceccix b, No. 3488 (Ceylon). Range: Along the broader streams of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chiang Mai), the southeastern provinces (Chanthaburi), the central plains, and the western provinces south to Phet Buri. Genus ALCEDO Linnaeus Alcedo atthis bengalensis Gmelin [Alcedo] bengalensis Gmelin, Carolia Linné . . . Systema naturae ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 1, 1788, p. 450 (Bengal State, India). Range: Common in every part of the country from Chiang Rai to the extreme South. Alcedo meninting laubmanni Mathews Alcedo laubmanni Mathews, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 46, No. 299, Nov. 4, 1925, p. 21. New name for Alcedo Asiatica Swainson, Zoological Illustrations, ser. 1, vol. 1, No. 9, June 1821, pl. 50 and text (‘‘some part of India”; type locality re- stricted to Bengal State, by Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 39, 1919, p. 37), not Alcedo Asiatica Meuschen, 1787. Range: Reported from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Nan) and the central plains (Sukhothai). Alcedo meninting verreauxii De la Berge Alcedo Verreauxii De la Berge, Rev. Mag. Zool., sér. 2, tome 2, {not earlier than November] 1850, p. 621 (Borneo). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. 546-019 63-6 ee U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Alcedo euryzonia peninsulae Laubmann Alcedo euryzonia peninsulae Laubmann, Verh. Orn. Ges. Bayern, band 22, hft. 1, Jan. 25, 1941, p. 166. New name for Alcedo nigricans Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 16, pt. 2, 1847, p. 1180 (Malacca), not Alcedo Nigricans Meuschen, 1787. Range: The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to Trang. Genus CEYX Lacépéde Ceyx erithacus erithacus (Linnaeus) [Alcedo] erithaca Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom 1, 1758, p. 115 (Bengal State, India). Range: Throughout the country from Chiang Mai to the extreme South. Ceyx rufidorsus rufidorsus Strickland Ceyx rufidorsa Strickland, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 14, No. 165, Jan. 26, 1847, p. 99 (Malacca). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus PELARGOPSIS Gloger Pelargopsis amauroptera (Pearson) Halcyon Amauropterus Pearson, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 10, pt. 2, No. 116, August 1841, p. 635 (near Calcutta, Bengal State, India). Range: Along the western coast from the Isthmus of Kra to Satun. Pelargopsis capensis burmanica Bowdler Sharpe Pelargopsis burmanica Bowdler Sharpe, A monograph of the Alcedinide, vol. 1, pt. 8, Apr. 1, 1870, p. [109], pl. 35 (‘“‘Anda- man Islands. .., Burmah.. ., Siam. . ., Tenasserim Proy- inces . . .”’; type specimen from Toungoo, Toungoo District, Pegu Division, Burma, fide Bowdler Sharpe, Catalogue of the birds in the British Museum, vol. 17, 1892, p. 105). Range: Found throughout tbe country from Chiang Rai to the Isthmus of Kra. Pelargopsis capensis malaccensis Bowdler Sharpe Pelargopsis malaccensis Bowdler Sharpe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, for 1870, pt. 1, May 1870, p. 67 (Malay Peninsula). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 73 Genus LACEDO Reichenbach Lacedo pulchella amabilis (Hume) Carcineutes amabilis Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 1, No. 6, De- cember 1873, p. 474 (“the eastern Pegu Hills in the latitude of Thayetmyo,” Burma). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Lacedo pulchella deignani Meyer de Schauensee Lacedo pulchella deignani Meyer de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 98, May 17, 1946, p. 27 (Nakhon Si Thammarat [lat. 8°25’ N., long. 100°00’ E.], Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Trang. Lacedo pulchella pulchella (Horsfield) Dacelo pulchella Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 1, May 1821, p. 175 (‘in a low range of hills about twenty miles south-east of Samarang, known in the central parts of the island by the name of the hills of Prowoto,” Java). Range: Reported only from the southernmost peninsular provinces (Songkhla, Narathiwat). Genus HALCYON Swainson Halcyon coromanda coromanda (Latham) [Alcedo] coromanda Latham, Index ornithologicus, vol. 1, 1790, p. 252 (Coromandel Coast of India, ex Sonnerat). Range: The northern plateau (Lamphun), the southeastern provinces (Trat), and the peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Halcyon smyrnensis perpulchra von Madardsz Halcyon perpulchra von Madarasz, Ann. Hist;-Natur. Mus. Nat. Hungarici, vol. 2, pt. 1, Jan. 15, 1904, p. 85 (Singapore Island, Malaya). Range: Common throughout the country from Chiang Rai to the extreme South. Halcoyn pileata (Boddaert) Alcedo pileata Boddaert, Table des planches enluminéez d’histoire naturelle, 1783, p. 41 (China, ex Daubenton, pl. 673.) Range: A visitor from China, reported on migration or in winter from every part of the country to the extreme South. 74 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Haleyon chloris armstrongi Bowdler Sharpe Halcyon armstrong: Bowdler Sharpe, Catalogue of the birds in the British Museum, vol. 17, 1892, p. 277, pl. 7, fig. 1 (‘‘the Sunderbunds to Burmah, Tenasserim, and Siam, south to the Malayan Peninsula, Sumatra, and Northern Borneo’’; type specimen from ‘“‘Siam,”’ fide Oberholser, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 55, 1919, p. 374; type locality here restricted to Bangkok, Thailand). Range: Along the eastern coast from Trat to the Isthmus of Kra. Halcyon chloris humii Bowdler Sharpe Halcyon humi Bowdler Sharpe, Catalogue of the birds in the British Museum, vol. 17, 1892, p. 281, pl. 8 (‘Siam to the Malayan Peninsula and Sumatra”; type specimen from Jeram flat. 3°13’ N., long. 101°19’ E.], Selangor State, Malaya, Jide Oberholser, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 55, 1919, p. 372). Range: Along the whole length of the western coast and along the eastern coast from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Halcyon concreta peristephes Deignan Halcyon concreta peristephes Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sa., vol. 36, No. 12, Dec. 31, 1946, p. 428 (Khao Luang flat. 11°40’ N., long 99°35’ E.], Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to Trang. Family MEROPIDAE Genus MEROPS Linnaeus Merops leschenaulti leschenaulti Vieillot Merops Leschenaulti Vieillot, Nouveau dictionnaire d’histoire naturelle, nouv. éd., tome 14, September 1817, p. 17 (‘Java,”’ ex Levaillant, error; type locality corrected to Ceylon, by Whistler and Kinnear, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. 37, 1935, p. 758). Range: Throughout the country from Chiang Rai to the extreme South. Merops philippinus javanicus Horsfield Merops Javanicus Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 1, May 1821, p. 171 (Java). Range: Found throughout the country from Chiang Rai to the extreme South (during the cold season restricted to the southernmost provinces). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 15 Merops orientalis ferrugeiceps Anderson Mlerops|. ferrugeiceps Anderson, Anatomical and zoological researches, 1879, p. 582 (Upper Burma and Yunnan; type locality here restricted to Mandalay, Mandalay District, Mandalay Division, Upper Burma). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Merops viridis viridis Linnaeus [Merops] viridis Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 117 (“an Java, Benghala’”’; type locality restricted to Java, by Hartert, Die Vogel der paléarktischen Fauna, band 2, hft. 1, 1912, p. 863, footnote 1). Range: Reported from the southwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Nakhon Ratchasima), the southeastern provinces (Chon Buri), and the peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. Genus NYCTYORNIS Jardine and Selby Nyctyornis amictus (Temminck) Merops amictus Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 52,] vol. 4, Novem- ber 1824, pl. 310 and text (Sumatra). Range: The western and peninsular provinces from Kanchanaburi to the extreme South. Nyctyornis athertoni athertoni (Jardine and Selby) Merops athertoni Jardine and Selby, Illustrations of ornithology, ser. 1, vol. 2, pt. 4, November 1828, pl. 58 and text (India; type locality restricted to Cachar District, Assam State, by Stuart Baker, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. 28, 1922, p. 314, and corrected to Bangalore, Bangalore District, Mysore State, by Kinnear, Ibis, 1925, p. 751). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern pro- vinces, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Family CORACIIDAE Genus CORACIAS Linnaeus Coracias benghalensis affinis McClelland Coracias affinis McClelland, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 7, No. 82, March 1840, p. 164 (Assam State, India). Coracias affinis theresiae Parrot, Verh. Orn. Ges. Bayern 1907, band 8, Nov. 14, 1908, p. 113 (Thailand). 76 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern pro- vinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan (during the cold season reported also from Phuket and Narathiwat). Genus EURYSTOMUS Vieillot Eurystomus orientalis deignani Ripley Eurystomus orientalis deignani Ripley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washing- ton, vol. 55, No. 34, Dec. 31, 1942, p. 171 (Ban Muang Ngop flat. 19°30’ N., long. 100°55’ E.], Nan Province, Thailand). Range: Reported from the northern and eastern plateaus. Eurystomus orientalis cyanicollis Vieillot Eurystomus cyanicollis Vieillot, Nouveau dictionnaire d’histoire naturelle, nouv. éd., tome 29, May 1819, p. 425 (“dans l’Inde’’; type locality inferentially restricted to Chandernagore, Hooghly District, Bengal State, India, by Stresemann, Ibis, vol. 94, 1952, p. 519). Range: The southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces from Kanchanaburi to the extreme South. Family UPUPIDAE Genus UPUPA Linnaeus Upupa epops saturata Lénnberg Upupa epops saturata Lénnberg, Arkiv for Zoologi, band 5, No. 9, June 10, 1909, p. 29 (Kyakhta, Buryat Mongol Autonomous SSR, Russian SFSR). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai), the central plains (Bangkok), and the peninsular provinces (Prachuap Khiri Khan). Upupa epops longirostris Jerdon U[pupa]. longirostris Jerdon, The birds of India, vol. 1, 1862, p. 393 (Burma; type locality restricted to Rangoon, Rangoon Town District, Pegu Division, Burma, by Stuart Baker, Fauna of British India, Birds, ed. 2, vol. 4, 1927, p. 312). Range: Common throughout the country from Chiang Rai to the extreme South. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND ab Family BUCEROTIDAE Genus BERENICORNIS Bonaparte Berenicornis comatus (Raffles) Buceros comatus Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 2, {not earlier than November] 1822, p. 339 (Sumatra). Range: Reported from the peninsular provinces (Nakhon Si Tham- marat, Trang). Genus PTILOLAEMUS Ogilvie-Grant Ptilolaemus tickelli austeni (Jerdon) Anorhinus austen Jerdon, Ibis, ser. 3, vol. 2, No. 5, January 1872, p. 6 (no locality given; type specimen from Asalu, North Cachar Hills, Assam, fide Ogilvie-Grant, Catalogue of the birds in the British Museum, vol. 17, 1892, p. 393). Range: Reported from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Lamphun, northern Tak, Nan) and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Ptilolaemus tickelli tickelli (Blyth) Buceros Tickelli Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 24, No. 3, [not earlier than April] 1855, p. 266 (‘“‘mountainous interior of the Tenasserim provinces,’ Lower Burma; type specimen from the eastern foot of the Dawna Range, Amherst District, jide Tickell, ibid., p. 285). Range: The evergreen forest of the southwestern provinces (south- ern Tak, Kanchanaburi, Rat Buri, Phet Buri). Genus ANORRHINUS Reichenbach Anorrhinus galeritus carinatus (Blyth) Buceros carinatus Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 14, pt. 1, No. 159, March 1845, p. 187 (Malacca). Range: The peninsular provinces from Nakhon Si Thammarat to Trang. Genus ACEROS J. E. Gray Aceros nipalensis (Hodgson) Buceros Nipdlensis Hodgson, Asiatic Researches, vol. 18, pt. 1, 1829 or 1832, p. 178, figs. 1, 2 ([Nepal]). Range: Evergreen forests of the western provinces from Chiang Mai to southern Tak. 78 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Genus RHYTICEROS Reichenbach Rhyticeros leucocephalus corrugatus (‘Temminck) Buceros corrugatus Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nou- veau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 90,] vol. 2, July 1832, pl. 531 and text (Pontianak [lat. 0°02’ S., long. 109°22’ E.], Borneo). Range: Reported only from the southern peninsular provinces (Trang). Rhyticeros undulatus ticehursti Deignan Rhyticeros undulatus ticehursti Deignan, Auk, vol. 58, No. 3, July 9, 1941, p. 397 (beside Huai Oi, at a point 14 kilometres north- east of Ban Sop Li [therefore, at about lat. 18°08’ N., long. 100°38’ E.], Nan Province, Thailand). Range: The northern plateau, the northwestern portion of the east- ern plateau (Loei), the southeastern provinces, and the western and peninsular provinces south to the Isthmus of Kra. Rhyticeros undulatus undulatus (Shaw) Buceros undulatus Shaw, General zoology, vol. 8, pt. 1, 1812, p. 26 (Java). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Rhyticeros plicatus subruficollis (Blyth) Bluceros]. subruficollis Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 12, pt. 1, No. 134, [not earlier than February] 1843, p. 177 (Te- nasserim Division, Burma). Range: The southwestern and peninsular provinces from Kanchana- buri to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Genus ANTHRACOCEROS Reichenbach Anthracoceros malayanus (Raffles) Buceros Malayanus Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 2, [not earlier than November] 1822, p. 292 (Malacca). Range: Reported from the southern peninsular provinces (Trang, Narathiwat). Anthracoceros albirostris leucogaster (Blyth) Bluceros]. leucogaster Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 10, pt. 2, No. 119, 1842, p. 922 (Tenasserim Division, Lower Burma; type specimen from ‘the vicinity of Maulmain,” Amherst District, fide Blyth, abid., p. 917). Range: Throughout the country from Chiang Rai to the extreme South. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 79 Anthracoceros convexus (Temminck) Buceros convexus Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 89,] vol. 2, Feb- ruary 1832, pl. 530 and text (Sumatra, Java, Borneo). Range: Reported from the southern peninsular provinces (Song- khla, Pattani, Yala). Genus BUCEROS Linnaeus Buceros rhinoceros rhinoceros Linnaeus [Buceros] Rhinoceros Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 104 (“‘India,” error; type locality corrected to Malacca, by Hartert, Nov. Zool., vol. 9, 1902, p. 543, “because Bontius’ figure, in spite of the locality Java, represents in my opinion the form inhabiting Malacca and Sumatra, and not the Java form, and so do certainly the figures of Willoughby, Adrovandus [sic], and others’’). Range: Reported only from the southern peninsular provinces (Songkhla). Buceros bicornis homrai Hodgson Buceros Homrdi Hodgson, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 1, No. 6, June 1832, p. 251 (no locality; type specimens from ‘the lesser hills overlooking the plains of India, from the Ganges to the Bramapttr,” fide Hodgson, Asiatic Researches, vol. 18, pt. 2, 1833, p. 169). Range: Evergreen forests of the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, and of the western and peninsular provinces south to the Isthmus of Kra. Buceros bicornis bicornis Linnaeus [Buceros] bicornis Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 104 (“China,” error; type locality corrected to Su- matra, by Chasen, Handlist of Malaysian Birds, 1935, p. 105, footnote 1). Range: Evergreen forests of the peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus RHINOPLAX Gloger Rhinoplax vigil (J. R. Forster) [Buceres] vigil J. R. Forster, Indische zoologie, 1781, p. 40 (no locality given=Sumatra, ex Edwards). Range: Reported from the peninsular provinces (Trang, Songkhla). 80 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Order PICIFORMES Family CAPITONIDAE Genus MEGALAIMA G. R. Gray Megalaima virens virens (Boddaert) Bucco virens Boddaert, Table des planches enluminéez d’histoire naturelle, 1783, p. 53 (China, ex d’Aubenton, pl. 871). Range: The northern plateau, on the West south to Tak, and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Megalaima zeylanica hodgsoni Bonaparte Megalaimus [sic] hogdsoni [sic] Bonaparte, Conspectus generum avium, tom. 1, pars 1, June 24, 1850, p. 144 (Nepal). Range: Common in every part of the country from Chiang Rai south to the Isthmus of Kra. Megalaima zeylanica lineata (Vieillot) Capito lineatus Vieillot, Nouveau dictionnaire d’histoire natu- relle, nouv. éd., tome 4, December 1816, p. 500 (‘‘l’Australasie”’ ; type locality restricted to Java, by Stresemann, in Bartels and Stresemann, Treubia, vol. 11, 1929, p. 118). Range: Reported only from the southern peninsular provinces (Trang, Pattani). Megalaima faiostricta praetermissa (Boden Kloss) Thereiceryx flavostrictus [sic] pretermissus Boden Kloss, Ibis, ser. 10, vol. 6, No. 1, Jan. 22, 1918, p. 101 (southern China; type specimen from Naochow Island, Kwangtung Province, fide Peters, Checklist of birds of the world, vol. 6, 1948, p. 33). Range: Reported from the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Rai, Phayao, Lampang, Nan) and the eastern plateau (Loei, Sakon Nakhon, Nakhon Phanom). Megalaima faiostricta faiostricta (Temminck) Bucco faiostrictus Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 88,] vol. 3, May 1831, pl. 527 and text (Cochin-China). Range: Reported from the eastern plateau (Sara Buri, Nakhon Ratchasima), the southeastern provinces, and the southwestern prov- inces (Kamphaeng Phet, Prachuap Khiri Khan). Megalaima chrysopogon laeta (Robinson and Boden Kloss) Chotorhea chrysopogon subsp. laetus Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Federated Malay States Mus., vol. 8, pt. 2, December 1918, p. 141 (Bukit Tangga [lat. 2°51’ N., long. 102°00’ E.], Negri Sembilan State, Malaya). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 81 Range: The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. Megalaima rafflesii malayensis (Chasen) Chotorhea rafflesii malayensis Chasen, Orn. Monatsb., jahrg. 43, No. 5, Sept. 26, 1935, p. 147 (Pulau Ubin, near Singapore, Malaya). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Megalaima mystacophanos mystacophanos (Temminck) Bucco mystacophanos Temminck, 7% Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 53,] vol. 3, December 1824, pl. 315 and text (Sumatra). Cyanops mystacophanes aurantiuifrons Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam, vol. 3, No. 2, Feb. 25, 1919, p. 100 (Ban Nong Kok [lat. 8°26’ N., long. 98°48’ E.], Krabi Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Megalaima franklinii ramsayi (Walden) Megalema Ramsayi Walden, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 4, vol. 15, No. 90, June 1875, p. 400 (Karen Hills, Burma). Range: The western provinces of the northern plateau from Chaiya Prakan south to Tak. Megalaima franklinii trangensis (Riley) Cyanops franklin trangensis Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 47, No. 23, June 13, 1934, p. 116 (Khao Nam Pliu [lat. 7°35’ N., long. 99°50’ E.], Trang Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the southern peninsular provinces (Trang). Megalaima asiatica davisoni (Hume) Megalaima Davisoni Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 5, No. 2, June 1877, p. 108 (‘‘Tenasserim Central Hills . . . at Meetan and other lower localities,’ Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: The western provinces from Chaiya Prakan south to Phet Buri. Megalaima asiatica laurentii (Wells) Cyanops davisoni laurentii Wells, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 43, No. 280, July 20, 1923, p. 174 (Yuankiang [lat. 23°37’ N.., long. 102°01’ E.], Yunnan Province, China). Range: The eastern provinces of the northern plateau (Nan) and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). 82 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Megalaima asiatica chersonesus (Chasen and Boden Kloss) Cyanops asiatica chersonesus Chasen and Boden Kloss, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 48, No. 318, Nov. 25, 1927, p. 46 (Khao Luang [lat. 8°30’ N., long. 99°45’ E.], Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Surat Thani, Nakhon Si Thammarat). Megalaima incognita elbeli (Deignan) Megalaima incognita elbeli Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 69, No. 36, Dec. 31, 1956, p. 207 (Ban Muang Khai [lat. 17°30’ N., long. 101°20’ E.], Loei Province, Thailand). Range: Reported from the eastern portion of the northern plateau (Nan) and from the eastern plateau (Loei, Nakhon Ratchasima). Megalaima incognita euroa (Deignan) Cyanops incognita euroa Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 29, No. 4, Apr. 15, 1939, p. 177 (Khao Sa Bap [lat. 12°35’ N., long. 102°15’ E.], Chanthaburi Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the southeastern provinces (Chantha- ouri, Trat). Megalaima benricii henricii (‘Temminck) Bucco henricit Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 88,] vol. 3, May 1831, pl. 524 and text (Sumatra). Range: The peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Krabi, Trang). Megalaima australis cyanotis (Blyth) B{ucco]. cyanotis Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 16, pt. 1, May 1847, p. 465 (Arakan Division, Burma). Cyanops australis invisa Deignan, Auk, vol. 58, No. 3, July 9, 1941, p. 398 (Pang Makham Phong [about lat. 19°35’ N., long. 99°06’ E.], Chaiya Prakan Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the northern plateau. Megalaima australis stuarti (Robinson and Boden Kloss) Mesobucco duvauceli stuarti Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam, vol. 3, No. 2, Feb. 25, 1919, p. 100 (Khlong Thung Sai [about lat. 8°00’ N., long. 98°20’ E.], Phuket Province, Thailand). Range: The southwestern and peninsular provinces from Kan- chanaburi to the extreme South. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 83 Megalaima australis orientalis (Robinson) Mesobucco duvaugli [sic] orientalis Robinson, Ibis, ser. 10, vol. 3, No. 4, Oct. 8, 1915, p. 738 (Ok Yam, Kampot Province, Cambodia). Range: The eastern plateau and the southeastern provinces. Megalaima haemacephala indica (Latham) [Bucco] indicus Latham, Index ornithologicus, vol. 1, 1790, p. 205 (India; type locality restricted to Calcutta, Bengal State, by Stuart Baker, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. 28, 1921, p. 105). Range: Common in every part of the country from Chiang Rai to the extreme South. Genus CALORHAM PHUS Lesson Calorhamphus fuliginosus detersus Deignan Calorhamphus fuliginosus detersus Deignan, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 80, No. 7, Oct. 3, 1960, p. 121 (Ban Sichon [lat. 9°00’ N., long. 99°55’ E.], Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Trang. Family INDICATORIDAE Genus INDICATOR Stephens Indicator archipelagicus Temminck Indicator archipelagicus Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 91,] vol. 3, December 1832, pl. 542, fig. 1, and text (Pontianak flat. 0°02’ S., long. 109°22’ E.], Borneo). Range: Reported from the southwestern and peninsular provinces (southern Tak, Trang). Fi amily PICIDAE Genus JY NX Linnaeus Jynx torquilla chinensis Hesse Iynz torquilla chinensis Hesse, Orn. Monatsb., jahrg. 19, No. 11, November 1911, p. 181 (China; type specimen from Peiping, Hopeh Province, fide Hesse, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, band 6, 1912, p. 143). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau and the central plains south to Bangkok. 84 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Genus PICUMNUS Temminck Picumnus innominatus malayorum Hartert Picumnus innominatus malayorum Hartert, Die Vogel der pala- arktischen Fauna, band 2, heft 1, February 1912, p. 937 (Gunong IJjau [about lat. 4°50’ N., long. 100°48’ E.], Perak State, Malaya). Range: Reported from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Lamphun) and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loe). Genus SASIA Hodgson Sasia ochracea querulivox Stuart Baker Sasia ochracea querulivor Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 47, No. 308, Nov. 6, 1926, p. 43 (‘“Tippera Hills’ = Chief Commissioner’s State of Tripura, India). Range: Reported from the northern and eastern plateaus. Sasia ochracea reichenowi Hesse Sasia ochracea reichenowi Hesse, Orn. Monatsb., jahrg. 19, No. 11, November 1911, p. 181 (Burma; type specimen from Thayet- chaung [lat. 13°52’ N., long. 98°16’ E.], Tavoy District, Tenas- serim Division). Range: The southwestern and peninsular provinces from Kan- chanaburi to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Sasia ochracea hasbroucki Deignan Sasia ochracea hasbroucki Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 37, No. 1, Jan. 31, 1947, p. 25 (Maliwun [lat. 10°15’ N., long. 98°36’ E.], Mergui District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: The peninsular provinces at the Isthmus of Kra (Chumphon, Ranong). Sasia abnormis abnormis (Temminck) Picumnus abnormis Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 62,] vol. 4, September 1825, pl. 371, fig. 3, and text (Java). Range: The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. Genus MICROPTERNUS Blyth Micropternus brachyurus phaioceps (Blyth) Plicus]. (M{icropternus].) phaioceps Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 14, pt. 1, No. 159, [not earlier than August] 1845, p. 195 (“India proper extending eastwards to Tipperah and THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 85 Arracan”’; the cotypes are, fide Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam, vol. 5, 1923, p. 183, the specimens “from the vicinity of Calcutta” listed by Blyth, Catalogue of the birds in the Museum Asiatic Society, 1849, p. 60). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus and the southeastern provinces. Micropternus brachyurus williamsoni Boden Kloss Micropternus brachyurus williamsoni Boden Kloss, Ibis, ser. 10, vol. 6, No. 1, Jan. 22, 1918, p. 107 (Prachuap Khiri Khan [lat. 11°50’ N., long. 99°50’ E.J, Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Thailand). Range: The central plains and the southwestern and peninsular provinces from Kanchanaburi to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Micropternus brachyurus squamigularis (Sundevall) Picus squamigularis Sundevall, Conspectus avium picinarum, 1866, p. 89 (Malacca). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus PICUS Linnaeus Picus vittatus eisenhoferi Gyldenstolpe Picus vittatus eisenhofert Gyldenstolpe, Orn. Monatsb., jahrg. 24, No. 2, February 1916, p. 28 (‘Pa Hing” [about lat. 18°15’ N., long. 99°55’ E.], Phrae Province, Thailand). Range: The northern plateau, the eastern plateau (along the river Mae Khong south to Ubon), and the western provinces (along the river Mae Ping south to Nakhon Sawan). Picus vittatus eurous Deignan Picus vittatus eurous Deignan, Ibis, vol. 97, No. 1, Jan. 1, 1955, p. 23 (Khao Sa Bap [lat. 12°35’ N., long. 102°15’ E.], Chantha- buri Province, Thailand). Range: The eastern plateau (Sara Buri, Nakhon Ratchasima) and the southeastern provinces. Picus vittatus connectens (Robinson and Boden Kloss) Gecinus vittatus connectens Robinson and Boden Kloss, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 40, No. 245, Dec. 8, 1919, p. 13 (Sungei Kilim and Dayang Bunting, Pulau Langkawi, off the coast of Perlis State, Malaya). Range: The central plains (Ayutthaya, Bangkok) and open forests of the southwestern provinces from Kanchanaburi to Prachuap Khiri Khan. 86 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Picus vittatus viridanus Blyth Plicus]. viridanus Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 12, pt. 2, No. 143, [not earlier than November] 1843, p. 1000 (Arakan Division, Lower Burma). Range: Evergreen forests of the southwestern provinces from south- ern Tak to Prachuap Khwi Khan. Picus vittatus weberi (A. Miiller) Gecinus Weberi A. Miiller, Die Ornis der Insel Salanga [Inaugural- Dissertation,] ante Oct. 4, 1882, p. 69 (Ko Phuket [lat. 7°50’ N.., long. 98°20’ E.], Phuket Province, Thailand). Picus viridanus meridianus Boden Kloss, Ibis, ser. 12, vol. 2, No. 4, Oct. 1, 1926, p. 689 (Sathani Lam Phila or Lam Phura [lat. 7°40’ N., long. 99°35’ H.], Trang Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Picus myrmecophoneus Stresemann Picus myrmecophoneus Stresemann, Verh. Orn. Ges. Bayern, band 14, heft 4, Dec. 11, 1920, p. 289. New name for P{icus]. strio- latus Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 12, pt. 2, No. 143, [not earlier than November] 1843, p. 1000 (Himalayas and cen- tral India), not Picus striolatus Macgillivray, 1840, nor Picus striolatus Lesson, 1830. Range: The southwestern provinces from southern Tak to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Picus canus gyldenstolpei Stuart Baker Picus canus gyldenstolpei Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 39, No. 237, Nov. 30, 1918, p. 19 (Sadiya, Mishmi Hills Tribal District, Assam State, India). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Picus canus hessei Gyldenstolpe Picus canus hessei Gyldenstolpe, Orn. Monatsb., jahrg. 24, No. 2, February 1916, p. 28 (Sathani Pha Kho [lat. 18°15’ N., long. 99°55’ E.] and Sathani Den Chai [lat. 18°00’ N., long. 100°05’ E.], Phrae Province, Thailand). Gecinus canus microrhynchus Robinson and Boden Kloss, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 40, No. 245, Dec. 8, 1919, p. 12 (Prachuap Khiri Khan [lat. 11°50’ N., long. 99°50’ E.], Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Thailand). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 87 Picus erythropygius nigrigenis (Hume) Gecinus nigrigents Hume, Proc. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, No. 5, May 1874, p. 106 (no locality given; ‘“‘very common about Pahchan, Kollidoo, Darguin, and other parts of the Salween and neigh- bouring districts of the Tenasserim provinces,” fide Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 2, No. 4, June 1874, p. 444; type locality inferentially restricted to the Pa Chaung [a stream entering the Salween from the west at lat. 18°35’ N., long. 97°20’ E.], by Hargitt, Catalogue of the birds in the British Museum, vol. 18, 1890, p. 68). Range: The northern plateau (excepting Chiang Rai and Phayao) and the western provinces south to Kanchanaburi. Picus erythropygius erythropygius (Elliot) Gecinus erythropygius Elliot, Nouv. Arch. Mus. [Paris], tome 1, fasc. 4, 1865, Bull., p. 76, pl. 3 (Cochin-China). Range: Common on the eastern plateau. Picus flavinucha flavinucha Gould Picus flavinucha Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 1, No. 11, Mar. 12, 1834, p. 120 (‘the Himalayan mountains and also the lower regions of India’’; type locality restricted to Darjee- ling, Darjeeling District, Bengal State, India, by ‘‘Koelz’’ [Biswas], Amer. Mus. Nov., No. 1452, 1950, p. 5). Range: The western provinces from Chaiya Prakan south (along the river Mae Ping) to Kamphaeng Phet. Picus flavinucha archon Deignan Picus flavinucha archon Deignan, U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 186, Sept. 17, 1945, p. 238. New name for Chrysophlegma flavinucha an- namensis [sic] Delacour and Jabouille, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 48, No. 325, July 10, 1928, p. 130 (Khebon, Vinh Province, Annam), not Picus chlorolophus annamensis R. Meinertzhagen, 1924. Range: The eastern provinces of the northern plateau (Phrae, Nan) and the northern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei, Sakon Nakhon) Picus flavinucha pierrei Oustalet Picus (Chrysophlegma) Pierrei Oustalet, Le Naturaliste, ann. 11 sér. 2, tome 3, No. 47, Feb. 15, 1889, p. 45 (Cochin-China). Range: The eastern plateau (excepting areas occupied by the preceding form) and the southeastern provinces. 546—019—63——_7 88 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Picus flavinucha lylei (Boden Kloss) Ohrysophlegma flavinucha lylei Boden Kloss, Ibis, ser. 10, vol. 6, No. 1, Jan. 22, 1918, p. 110 (Prachuap Khiri Khan [lat. 11°50’ N., long. 99°50’ E.], Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Thailand). Range: The southwestern and peninsular provinces from Kan- chanaburi to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Picus puniceus continentis (Robinson and Boden Kloss) Brachylophus puniceus continentis Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Federated Malay States Mus., vol. 10, pt. 3, June 1921, p. 204 (Ban Thap Li [lat. 10°30’ N., long 98°50’ E.], Ranong Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Picus chlorolophus chlorolophoides (Gyldenstolpe) Brachylophus chlorolophoides Gyldenstolpe, Orn. Monatsb., jahrg. 24, No. 2, February 1916, p. 29 (Doi Khun Tan [lat. 18°30’ N., long. 99°20’ E.], Lamphun Province, Thailand). Range: The western provinces from Chiang Rai and Chaiya Prakan south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Picus chlorolophus laotianus Delacour Picus chlorolophus laotianus Delacour, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 47, No. 308, Nov. 6, 1926, p. 12 (Chiang Khwang [lat. 18°30’ N., long. 99°20’ E.], Chiang Khwang Province, Laos). Range: The eastern provinces of the northern plateau (Lampang, Phrae, Nan) and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Picus chlorolophus annamensis R. Meinertzhagen Picus chlorolophus annamensis R. Meinertzhagen, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 44, No. 285, Mar. 4, 1924, p. 57 (Da Ban [lat. 12°38’ N., long. 109°06’ E.], Phanrang Province, Annam). Cirropicus chlorolophus conjunctus Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash- ington, vol. 48, No. 12, May 3, 1935, p. 53 (Khao Sa Bap [lat. 12°35’ N., long. 102°15’ E.], Chanthaburi Province, Thailand). Range: The southwestern portion of the eastern plateau and the southeastern provinces. Picus mentalis humii (Hargitt) Chrysophlegma humii Hargitt, Ibis, ser. 6, vol. 1, No. 2, April 1889, p. 231 (Malacca and Klang [lat. 3°02’ N., long. 101°27’ E.], Selangor State, Malaya). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 89 Picus miniaceus perlutus (Boden Kloss) Callolophus mineatus perlutus Boden Kloss, Ibis, ser. 10, vol. 6, No. 1, Jan. 22, 1918, p. 110 (Prachuap Khiri Khan [lat. 11°50’ N., long. 99°50’ E.], Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the Isthmus of Kra. Picus miniaceus malaccensis Latham [Picus] malaccensis Latham, Index ornithologicus, vol. 1, 1790, p. 241 (Malacca). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus DINOPIUM Rafinesque Dinopium javanense intermedium (Blyth) Piicus]. (T{iga].) intermedius Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 14, pt. 1, No. 159, [not earlier than August] 1845, p. 193 (“Nepal, Assam, Sylhet, Tipperah, Arracan, and Tenasserim’’; “Blyth’s type was from north Arracan,’’ fide Stuart Baker, Ibis, 1919, p. 208; type locality restricted to Ramree Island, Kyauk- pyu District, Arakan Division, Burma, by Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam, vol. 5, No. 2, 1923, Ds1Sh). Range: Common in every part of the country from Chiang Rai south to the Isthmus of Kra. Dinopium javanense javanense (Ljungh) Picus javanensis Ljungh, Kong]. [Svenska] Vet. Acad. Nya Handl., band 18, 1797, p. 137, pl. 6 (Jakarta [Batavia], Java). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Dinopium rafflesii peninsulare (Hesse) Gauropicoides rafflesi peninsularis Hesse, Orn. Monatsb., jahrg. 19, No. 12, December 1911, p. 192 (Malacca). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus GECINULUS Blyth Gecinulus grantia viridis Blyth Gecinulus viridis Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 31, No. 3, [not earlier than June] 1862, p. 341 (Toungoo, Toungoo Dis- trict, Pegu Division, Burma). Range: Bamboo brakes of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Lamphun, Lampang), the eastern plateau, the southeastern provinces, and the western and peninsular provinces south to the Isthmus of Kra. 90 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Gecinulus grantia robinsoni Boden Kloss Gecinulus viridis robinsoni Boden Kloss, Ibis, ser. 10, vol. 6, No. 1, Jan. 22, 1918, p. 105 (‘“Mountains of the Selangor-Pahang Boundary,’ Malaya; type specimen from Ginting Bidei [lat. 3°18’ N., long. 101°50’ E.], Selangor State, fide Robinson and Boden Kloss; Journ. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam, vol. 5, No. 2, 1923, DechyviG)s Range: Bamboo brakes of the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Phangnga, Krabi). Genus MEIGLYPTES Swainson Meiglyptes tristis grammithorax (Malherbe) Phaiopicus grammithoraz Malherbe, Monographie des picidées, vol. 2, 1862, p. 12 (‘a péninsule Malaise, les fles de la Sonde’’; type locality here restricted to the Malay Peninsula); op. cit.; vol. 3, pl. 48, figs. 4, 5, 6. Range: The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. Meiglyptes jugularis (Blyth) Plicus]. (M[icropternus].) jugularis Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 14, pt. 1, No. 159, [not earlier than August] 1845, p. 195 (Arakan and Tenasserim Divisions, Burma). Range: The southeastern portion of the northern plateau (Lamphun, Lampang, Phrae, Nan), the eastern plateau (Loei, Nakhon Ratcha- sima), the southeastern provinces, and the southwestern provinces (southern Tak, Kanchanaburi). Meiglyptes tukki tukki (Lesson) Picus tukki Lesson, Revue Zoologique, ann. 2, June 1839, p. 167 (Sumatra). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus MULLERIPICUS Bonaparte Milleripicus pulverulentus harterti Hesse Milleripicus pulverulentus harterti Hesse, Orn. Monatsb., jahrg. 19, No. 11, November 1911, p. 182 (‘“‘Assam, Burma bis Tenas- serim’’; type specimen from Pya, Upper Chindwin District, Sagaing Division, Burma, fide Hesse, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, vol. 6, 1912, p. 232). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, and the western and peninsular provinces south to the Isthmus of Kra. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 91 Miilleripicus pulverulentus celadinus Deignan Miilleripicus pulverulentus celadinus Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soe. Washington, vol. 68, No. 23, Oct. 31, 1955, p. 146 (Ban Phra Muang [lat. 7°20’ N., long. 99°30’ E.], Trang Province, Thai- land). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Trang. Genus DRYOCOPUS Boie Dryocopus javensis feddeni (Blyth) Mulleripicus Feddeni “Blanford’’ Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 32, No. 1, April 1863, p. 75 (Pegu Division, Burma; in epist., ibid., vol. 31, 1862, p. 195, Blanford writes: “Of Mulleripicus Heddeni |sic, nomen nudum! 1 believe that I ob- tained one specimen at Thayetmyo, and subsequently I again shot it S. of Bassein’’). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Dryocopus javensis javensis (Horsfield) Picus Javensis Horsfield, Trans, Linn, Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 1, May 1821, p. 175 (Java). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus DENDROCOPOS Koch Dendrocopos cathpharius tenebrosus (Rothchild) Dryobates cathpharius tenebrosus Rothschild, Nov. Zool., vol. 33, No. 3, Dec. 8, 1926, p. 240 (Shweli-Salween Divide, Yunnan Province, China). Range: Reported only from high elevations in Chaiya Prakan. Dendrocopos hyperythrus hyperythrus (Vigors) Picus hyperythrus Vigors, Proc. Comm. Sci. Corr. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 1, No. 2, Feb. 1, 1831, p. 23 (‘Himalayan Mountains”; type locality restricted to Nepal, by Hartert, Die Vogel der palaarktischen Fauna, band 2, hft. 1, 1912, p. 925). Range: Reported from the northern plateau (Mae Hong Son, Lampang, Phrae). Dendrocopos hyperythrus annamensis (Boden Kloss) Dryobates hyperythrus annamensis Boden Kloss, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 46, No. 299, Nov. 4, 1925, p. 7 (Da Ban [lat. 12°38’ N., long 109°06’ E.], Phanrang Province, Annam). Range: Reported only from the southeastern portion of the eastern plateau (Ubon). 92 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Dendrocopos atratus (Blyth) P{icus]. atratus Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 18, pt. 2, for August 1849, p. 803 (‘“Tenasserim provinces,” Burma). Range: Mountains of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Lamphun, Nan). Dendrocopos macei longipennis Hesse Dendrocopos analis longipennis Hesse, Orn. Monatsb., jahrg. 20, No. 5, May 1912, p. 82 (Bangkok, Thailand). Range: Locally distributed on the northern plateau (Chiang Mai) and the central plains (Tak, Kamphaeng Phet, Lop Buri, Bangkok, Samut Songkhram, Prachuap Khiri Khan). Dendrocopos mahrattensis (Latham) Plicus]. Mahrattensis Latham, Index ornithologicus, Suppl., 1801, p. xxxi (India; type locality restricted to ‘the Mahratta country,’ ex Latham, General Synopsis of Birds, Suppl. vol. 2, 1801, p. 142, No. 7). Range: Reported only from the central plains (Kamphaeng Phet). Dendrocopos canicapillus canicapillus (Blyth) Piicus]. canicapillus Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 14, pt. 1, No. 159, [not earlier than August] 1845, p. 197 (Arakan Division, Lower Burma; type specimen from Ramree Island, Kyaukpyu District, fide Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam, vol. 5, No. 1, 1921, p. 177). Range: The northern plateau, on the West south to Kamphaeng Phet, and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau. Dendrocopos canicapillus delacouri (Meyer de Schauensee) Dryobates hardwickit delacourt Meyer de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 90, July 21, 1938, p. 110 (Ban Chanuman [lat. 16°15’ N., long. 105°00’ E.], Ubon Province, Thailand). Range: The southern portion of the eastern plateau and the south- eastern provinces. Dendrocopos canicapillus pumilus (Hargitt) Iyngipicus pumilus Hargitt, Ibis, ser. 4, vol. 5, No. 20, October 1881, p. 599 (‘in terra Tenasserimensi meridionali’’; type specimens from Maliwun [lat. 10°15’ N., long. 98°36’ E.], Mergui District, Tenasserim Division, Lower Burma, fide Oates, A handbook of the birds of British Burmah, vol. 2, 1883, Dood): Range: The southwestern and peninsular provinces from Kanchana- buri southward to Satun. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 93 Dendrocopos canicapillus auritus (Eyton) Tripsurus auritus Eyton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. 16, No. 105, October 1845, p. 229 (Malacca). Range: Reported from the southernmost peninsular provinces (Pattani, Yala, Narathiwat). Genus HEMICIRCUS Swainson Hemicircus concretus sordidus (Eyton) Dendrocopus sordidus Eyton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. 16, No. 105, October 1845, p. 229 (Malacca). Range: Reported from the peninsular provinces (Nakhon Si Thammarat, Trang, Phatthalung). Hemicircus canente (Lesson) Picus Canente Lesson, Centurie zoologique, 1830, p. 215, pl. 73 (Pegu, Pegu District, Pegu Division, Burma). Range: The northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Lamphun, Lampang, Phrae, Nan), the eastern plateau, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces from Tak to Phangnga. Genus BLYTHIPICUS Bonaparte Blythipicus pyrrhotis pyrrhotis (Hodgson) [Picus] Pyrrhotis Hodgson, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 6, pt. 1, No. 62, February 1837, p. 108 (Nepal). Range: Evergreen forests of the northwestern provinces from Chaiya Prakan south to Tak. Blythipicus pyrrhotis intermedius Delacour Blythipicus pyrrhotis intermedius Delacour, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 47, No. 316, July 14, 1927, p. 154 (Bac Kan [lat. 22°08’ N., long. 105°50’ E.], Bac Kan Province, Tongking). Range: Evergreen forests of the eastern provinces of the northern plateau (Nan) and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei, Phetchabun). Blythipicus rubiginosus rubiginosus (Swainson) Hemicircus rubiginosus Swainson, The natural history of the birds of Western Africa, vol. 2, Sept. 23, 1837, p. 150 (‘‘Western Africa,” error; type locality corrected to Malacca, by Hart- laub, Revue Zoologique, tome 7, 1844, p. 402). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. 94 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Genus CHRYSOCOLAPTES Blyth Chrysocolaptes validus xanthopygius Finsch Chrysocolaptes zanthopygius Finsch, Notes from the Leyden Mu- seum, vol. 26, Nos. 1-2, July 15, 1905, p. 34 (Long Blu [about lat. 0°44’ N., long. 114°26’ E.], Borneo). Range: Reported from the peninsular provinces south of the Isth- mus of Kra (Nakhon Si Thammarat, Trang). Chrysocolaptes lucidus guttacristatus (Tickell) Picus Guttacristatus Tickell, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 2, No. 23, [not earlier than Dec. 1], 1833, p. 578 (‘Sungles of Borabhim and Dholbhtim’=Manbhum and Singhbhum Dis- tricts, Bihar State, India). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern pro- vinces, and the western and peninsular provinces south to the Isthmus of Kra. Chrysocolaptes lucidus indo-malayicus Hesse Chrysocolaptes guttacristatus indo-malayicus Hesse, Orn. Monatsb., jahrg. 19, No. 11, November 1911, p. 182 (Ko Phuket [lat. 7°50’ N., long. 98°20’ E.], Phuket Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Order PASSERIFORMES Family EURYLAIMIDAE Genus CORYDON Lesson Corydon sumatranus laoensis Meyer de Schauensee Corydon sumatranus laoensis Meyer de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 80, February 1929, p. 555 (“the Siamese Lao’’; type specimen from Doi Suthep [lat. 18°50’ N., long. 98°55’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Corydon sumatranus morator Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washing- ton, vol. 60, Oct, 9, 1947, p. 119 (Ban Sichon [lat. 9°00’ N., long. 99°55’ E.], Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand). Corydon sumatranus ardescens Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washing- ton, vol. 60, Oct. 9, 1947, p. 119 (Khao Sa Bap [lat. 12°35’ N.., long. 102°15’ E.], Chanthaburi Province, Thailand). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern pro- vinces, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Trang. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 95 Corydon sumatranus sumatranus (Raffles) Coracias Sumatranus Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 2, [not earlier than November] 1822, p. 303 (‘‘anterior of Sumatra’’). Range: The southernmost peninsular provinces (Pattani, Yala, Narathiwat). Genus CYMBIRHYNCHUS Vigors and Horsfield Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos malaccensis Salvadori Cymborhynchus malaccensis Salvadori, Att. Accad. Sci. Torino, vol. 9, disp. 3, Mar. 22, 1874, p. 425 (Malacca). Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos siamensis Meyer de Schauensee and Ripley, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 91, May 23, 1940, p. 338 (Pran Buri flat. 12°25’ N., long. 99°55’ E.], Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Thailand). Range: The eastern plateau (Nakhon Ratchasima), the southeast- ern provinces, and the western and peninsular provinces from Tak to the extreme South. Genus EURYLAIMUS Horsfield Eurylaimus javanicus friedmanni Deignan Eurylaimus javanicus friedmanni Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash- ington, vol. 60, No. 27, Oct. 9, 1947, p. 120 (Sathani Hin Lap flat. 14°40’ N., long. 101°10’ E.], Sara Buri Province, Thailand). Range: The northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Lamphun, Phrae), the eastern plateau (Sakon Nakhon, Nakhon Ratchasima, Sara Buri), the southeastern provinces, and the western and peninsular provinces south to the Isthmus of Kra. Eurylaimus javanicus pallidus Chasen Eurylaimus javanicus pallidus Chasen, Bull. Raffles Mus., No. 10, October 1935, p. 43 (Khao Nong [lat. 8°55’ N., long. 99°38’ E.], Surat Thani Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Eurylaimus ochromalus ochromalus Raffles Eurylaimus ochromalus Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 2, [not earlier than November] 1822, p. 297 (“‘at Sing- apore and in the interior of Sumatra’; type locality restricted to Singapore Island, Malaya, by Robinson and Boden Kloss, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 40, 1919, p. 15). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. 96 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Genus SERILOPHUS Swainson Serilophus lunatus lunatus (Gould) Eurylaimus lunatus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 1, No. 12, Apr. 16, 1834, p. 133 (“apud Rangoon”; type locality corrected to ‘‘the hills of the Pegu District,’’ Pegu Division, Burma, by Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 38, No. 3, Mar. 15, 1948, p. 110). Serilophus lunatus intrepidus Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 38, No. 3, Mar. 15, 1948, p. 110 (‘‘28 miles southeast of Ban Um Phang” or Ban Le Kathe [a village at lat. 15°50’ N., long. 98°50’ E.], Tak Province, Thailand). Range: The northern plateau and the western provinces south to Tak. Serilophus lunatus aphobus Deignan Serilophus lunatus aphobus Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 38, No. 3, Mar. 15, 1948, p. 109 (Khao Laem [lat. 14°25’ N., long. 101°30’ E.], Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand). Range: The eastern plateau (Loei, Nakhon Ratchasima) and the southeastern provinces (Chon Buri, Chanthaburi, Trat). Serilophus lunatus stolidus Robinson and Boden Kloss Serilophus lunatus stolidus Robinson and Boden Kloss, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 40, No. 245, Dec. 8, 1919, p. 16 (Khao Nong [lat. 8°55’ N., long. 99°38’ E.], Surat Thani Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan south to Nakhon Si Thammarat. Genus PSARISOMUS Swainson Psarisomus dalhousiae assimilis Hume P{sarisomus]. assimilis Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 3, Nos. 1, 2 & 3, January 1875, p. 538 (Thayetmyo District, Magwe Divi- sion, Burma). Range: The northern plateau, on the West south to Tak, and the eastern plateau (Loei, Nakhon Phanom, Ubon). Psarisomus dalhousiae cyanicauda Riley Psarisomus dalhousiae cyanicauda Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash- ington, vol. 48, No. 12, May 3, 1935, p. 54 (Khao Sa Bap |lat. 12°35’ N., long. 102°15’ E.], Chanthaburi Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the southeastern provinces (Chan- thaburi). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 97 Genus CALYPTOMENA Raffles Calyptomena viridis continentis Robinson and Boden Kloss Calyptomena viridis continentis Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Federated Malay States Mus., vol. 11, pt. 1, April 1923, p. 54 (Ban Tha San [lat. 10°30’ N., long. 98°55’ E.], Chumphon Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to Trang. Calyptomena viridis viridis Raffles Calyptomena viridis Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 2, [not earlier than November] 1822, p. 295 (“forests of Singapore and of the interior of Sumatra’’; type locality re- stricted to Benkulan District, Sumatra, by Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Federated Malay States Mus., vol. 11, 1923, p. 54). Range: The peninsular provinces southward from Trang and Pat- tani. Family PITTIDAE Genus PITTA Vieillot Pitta oatesi oatesi (Hume) Hydrornis Oatesi Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 1, No. 6, December 1873, p. 477 (“Eastern Pegu Hills’’; type specimens from “‘the evergreen forests which clothe the eastern slopes between Tonghoo and Thayetmyo,” Toungoo District, Pegu Division, Burma, fide Oates, A handbook of the birds of British Burmah, vol. 1, 1883, pp. 411-412). Range: Reported from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Lamphun, Lampang) and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Pitta soror soror Wardlaw Ramsay Pitta (Hydrornis) soror Wardlaw Ramsay, Ibis, ser. 4, vol. 5, No. 19, July 1881, p. 496 (Saigon [lat. 10°47’ N., long. 106°42’ E.], Cochin-China). Range: Reported only from the southeastern provinces (Chantha- bur). Pitta caerulea caerulea (Raffles) Myiothera cerulea Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 2, [not earlier than November] 1822, p. 301 (Sumatra). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to Trang. 98 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Pitta moluccensis moluccensis (Statius Miiller) Turdus Moluccensis Statius Miller, Natursystems Supplements- und Register-Band, 1776, p. 144 (‘an den moluccischen Inseln,”’ ex d’Aubenton, pl. 257, error: type locality ‘corrected’ to Tenasserim Division, Lower Burma, by Stuart Baker, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. 28, 1921, p. 92; here further corrected to Malacca). Range: Reported whether as a resident or a migrant throughout the country from Chiang Rai to the extreme South. Pitta moluccensis megarhyncha Schlegel Pitta megarhyncha Schlegel, De Vogels van Nederlandsch Indié, monogr. 1, Pitta, 1863, pp. 11, 32, pl. 4, fig. 2 (Bangka). Range: Mangroves of the western coast and its offshore islands from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Pitta sordida cucullata Hartlaub Pitta cucullata Hartlaub, Revue Zoologique, ann. 6, March 1843, p. 65 (Malacca). Range: Reported as a resident or a migrant from the northern plateau (Nan), the southeastern provinces, and the western and peninsular provinces from Tak to the extreme South. Pitta sordida miilleri (Bonaparte) [Brachyurus] mulleri Bonaparte, Conspectus generum avium, tom. 1, pars 1, June 24, 1850, p. 256 (Celebes, error; type locality corrected to Borneo, by Finsch, Notes from the Leyden Museum, vol. 26, Nos. 1 and 2, 1905, p. 118; type specimen from the Sungei Dusun [Barito] in southeastern Borneo, fide Boden Kloss, Treubia, vol. 13, livr. 3-4, 1931, p. 332, footnote). Range: Reported only from the extreme southern peninsular proy- inces (Narathiwat). Pitta cyanea cyanea Blyth Pitta]. cyanea Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 12, pt. 2, No. 143, November 1848, p. 1008 (Arakan Division, Burma). Pitta cyanea peninsularis Meyer de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 98, May 17, 1946, pp. 3 [nomen nudum/], 41 (Khao Luang [lat. 11°40’ N., long. 99°35’ E.j, Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Thailand). Range: The northern plateau and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Pitta cyanea aurantiaca Delacour and Jabouille Pitta cyanea aurantiaca Delacour and Jabouille, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 48, No. 325, July 10, 1928, p. 130 (Le Boc Kor [lat. 10°37’ N., long. 104°03/ E.], Kampot Province, Cambodia). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 99 Range: Reported from the southeastern provinces (Chachoengsao, Chanthaburi, Trat). Pitta guajana ripleyi Deignan Pitta irena ripleyi Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 59, No. 11, Mar. 11, 1946, p. 55 (Khao Soi Dao [lat. 7°20’ N., long. 99°50’ E.], Trang Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Trang. Pitta gurneyi Hume Pitta Gurneyi Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 3, No. 4, May 1875, p. 296, pl. 3 (‘the most southern portions of the Tenasserim Provinces’’; specimens from Lenya, Palaw Tonton, Bankasun, and Maliwun, Mergui District, Tenasserim Division, Burma, fide Hume and Davison, Stray Feathers, vol. 6, 1878, p. 244). Range: The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan south to Trang. Pitta phayrei (Blyth) A[nthocincla]. Phayrei Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 31, No. 3, [not earlier than June] 1862, p. 343 (Toungoo, ‘Toungoo District, Pegu Division, Burma). Range: The northern plateau (Lamphun, Lampang, Phrae, Nan), on the East south to Phitsanulok, the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei, Phetchabun), and the southeastern provinces. Family ALAUDIDAE Genus ALAUDA Linnaeus Alauda gulgula herberti Hartert Alauda arvensis herberti Hartert, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 43, No. 279, May 28, 1923, p. 149 (Bangkok [lat. 13°45’ N., long. 100°30’ E.], Thailand). Range: The southeastern provinces and the central plains south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Genus MIRAFRA Horsfield Mirafra assamica subsessor Deignan Mirafra assamica subsessor Deignan, Zoologica, vol. 26, pt. 3, Oct. 31, 1941, p. 241 (Chiang Mai [lat. 18°45’ N., long. 99°00’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Lamphun, Lampang). 100 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Mirafra assamica marionae Stuart Baker Mirafra assamica marione Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 36, No. 211, Dec. 29, 1915, p. 34 (Phra Nakhon Si Ayut- thaya [lat. 14°20’ N., long. 100°35’ E.], Ayutthaya Province, Thailand). Range: The eastern plateau (Nakhon Phanom, Khon Kaen, Nakhon Ratchasima), the southeastern provinces (Chon Buri), and the cen- tral plains south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Mirafra javanica williamsoni Stuart Baker Mirafra cantillans williamsoni Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 36, No. 210, Dec. 3, 1915, p. 9 (Bangkok [lat. 13°45’ N., long. 100°30’ E.], Thailand). Range: Reported from the eastern plateau (Nakhon Ratchasima) and the central plains (Bangkok, Nakhon Pathom, Nakhon Sawan). Family HIRUNDINIDAE Genus RIPARIA T. Forster Riparia riparia ijimae (Lonnberg) Clivicola riparia ijimae Lénnberg, Journ. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo, vol. 23, art. 14, 1908, p. 388 (Tretya Padi, Sakhalin Island). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Nan) and the southwestern provinces (Tak, Kanchanaburi). Riparia paludicola chinensis (J. E. Gray) Hirundo chinensis J. E. Gray, Illustrations of Indian zoology, vol. 1, No. 2, Mar. 30, 1830, pl. 35, fig. 3 (no locality given =[inferentially] China; type locality here corrected to Formosa). Range: Reported only along the rivers Salween (Mae Hong Son), Mae Ping (Tak), and Mae Khong (Chiang Rai, Nong Khai). Genus HIRUNDO Linnaeus Hirundo concolor Sykes Hirundo concolor Sykes, Proc. Comm. Sci. Corr. Zool. Soc. Lon- don, pt. 2, No. 18, July 31, 1832, p. 83 (The Deccan, Bombay State, India). Range: Reported only from the mountains of the northwestern provinces (Chiang Mai). Hirundo tahitica javanica Sparrman Hirundo javanica Sparrman, Museum carlsonianum, fase. 4, 1789, No. C, pl. 100 (Java). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND. 101 Range: Found mainly on islets, along the eastern coast from Trat to Prachuap Khiri Khan, and along the western coast from the Isthmus of Kra to Satun. Hirundo rustica tytleri Jerdon Hirundo Tytlert Jerdon, The birds of India, vol. 3, 1864, p. 870 (Dacca, Dacca District, Bengal Province, Kast Pakistan). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the southeastern provinces (Chanthaburi) and the central plains (Bangkok). Hirundo rustica mandschurica Meise Hirundo rustica mandschurica Meise, Abh. Ber. Mus. Tierk. Volkerk. Dresden, band 18, No. 2, 1934, p. 46 (Harbin, Sung- kiang Province, Manchuria). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Lampang, Uttaradit). Hirundo rustica gutturalis Scopoli Hirundo (gutturalis) Scopoli, Deliciae florae et faunae insubricae, pt. 2, 1786, p. 96 (“nova Guiana,” error; type specimen from Antigua, Panay Island, Philippine Islands, fide Hartert, Die Vogel der palaarktischen Fauna, band 1, hft. 6, 1910, p. 803, ex Sonnerat). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter (July to May, inclusive) throughout the country from Chiang Rai to the extreme South. Hirundo smithii filifera Stephens Hifrundo].? filifera Stephens, in Shaw, General zoology, vol. 13, pt. 2, February 1826, p. 78 (India, ex Latham). Range: Reported only along the rivers Salween (Mae Hong Son), Mae Ping (Chiang Mai), and Mae Khong (Ubon). Hirundo daurica daurica Laxmann Hirundo daurica Laxmann, Kongl. Vet. Acad. Handl., band 30, 1769, p. 209, pl. 7, fig. (“Singori,”’ Siberia). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the peninsular provinces (Ranong). Hirundo daurica mayri Hall Hirundo striolata mayri Hall, Ibis, vol. 95, No. 3, July 1, 1953, p. 547. New name for [Hirundo striolata] substriolata ““Hume”’ Mayr, Ibis, ser. 14, vol. 5, No. 3, July 1, 1941, p. 369 (numerous localities in Assam, Burma, and Thailand; lectotype from Sing- kaling Hkamti [lat. 26°00’ N., long. 95°40’ E.], Upper Chindwin District, Sagaing Division, Burma), not L[ilia]. substriolata Hume, 1877, which=Hirundo daurica daurica Laxmann. 102 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chiang Mai). Hirundo daurica stanfordi Mayr Mirundo striolata stanfordi Mayr, Ibis, ser. 14, vol. 5, No. 3, July 1, 1941, p. 367 (Tamu [lat. 25°45’ N., long. 98°00’ E.], My- itkyina District, Kachin State, Burma). Range: Reported only from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Hirundo daurica vernayi Kinnear Mirundo daurica vernayi Kinnear, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 45, No. 291, Dec. 5, 1924, p. 27 (“Long Lung”’ [near Ban Nong Pla Lai, lat. 16°05’ N., long. 98°45’ E.], Tak Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the southwestern provinces (southern Tak, Kanchanaburi). Hirundo daurica badia (Cassin) Cecropis badius Cassin, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 6, No. 9, {not earlier than June 28,] 1853, p. 371 (Malacca). Range: The peninsular provinces from Surat Thani to the extreme South. Genus DELICHON Moore Delichon urbica lagopoda (Pallas) Mirundo Lagopoda Pallas, Zoographia rosso-asiatica, vol. 1, 1811, p. 532 (“Dauria’”’=Transbaikalia, Russian SFSR). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Delichon dasypus dasypus (Bonaparte) [Chelidon] dasypus ‘“‘Temm.’’ Bonaparte, Conspectus generum avium, tom. 1, pt. 2, Feb. 3, 1851, p. 343 (Borneo, ex Tem- minck). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai) and the peninsular provinces (Surat Thani). Delichon dasypus cashmeriensis (Gould) Chelidon Cashmeriensis Gould, Proce. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 26, No. 369, Nov. 9, 1858, p. 356 (Kashmir). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 103 Family CAMPEPHAGIDAE Genus HEMIPUS Hodgson Hemipus picatus capitalis (McClelland) Muscicapa? capitalis McClelland, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 7, No. 82, March 1840, p. 157 (Assam State, India). Range: The greater portion of the northern plateau (northern Chiang Rai, Chaiya Prakan, Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai, Lamphun, southern Lampang, southern Phrae). Hemipus picatus picatus (Sykes) Muscicapa picata Sykes, Proc. Comm. Sci. Corr. Zool. Soc. Lon- don, pt. 2, No. 18, July 31, 1832, p. 85 (The Deccan, Bombay State, India). Range: Throughout the country (excepting areas inhabited by the preceding form) from southern Chiang Rai to the Isthmus of Kra. Hemipus picatus intermedius Salvadori Hemipus intermedius Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, vol. 14, Apr. 22, 1879, p. 209 (Mount Singgalang flat. 0°24’ S., long. 100°20’ E.], Sumatra). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Trang. Hemipus hirundinaceus (Temminck) Muscicapa hirundinaceus Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 20,] vol. 3, March 1822, pl. 119, fig. 1, 2, and text (Java). Range: Reported from the southern peninsular provinces (Pattani, Yala, Narathiwat). Genus TEPHRODORNIS Swainson Tephrodornis pondicerianus pondicerianus (Gmelin) [Muscicapa] pondiceriana Gmelin, Caroli a Linné .. . Systema naturae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 2, 1789, p. 939 (““Coromandel’’= [inferentially] Pondicherry, Madras State, India). Tephrodornis pondicerianus thai Boden Kloss and Chasen, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 46, No. 302, Jan. 30, 1926, p. 58 (Tha Chang Tai flat. 16°51’ N., long. 99°03’ E.], Tak Province, Thailand). Range: The northern plateau (excepting Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Rai, Phayao), the eastern plateau (provinces bordering the Mae Khong from Loei to Ubon), and the western provinces south to Kanchanaburi. 546—019—63——8 104 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Tephrodornis virgatus jugans Deignan Tephrodornis gularis gugans Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 61, No. 2, Mar. 4, 1948, p. 13 (Doi Langka= Khao Pha Cho [lat. 19°00’ N., long. 99°25’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thai- land). Range: The northern plateau and the western provinces south to Kamphaeng Phet. Tephrodornis virgatus mekongensis Meyer de Schauensee Tephrodorms gularis mekongensis Meyer de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 98, May 17, 1946, p. 45 (Ban Chanuman [lat. 16°15’ N., long. 105°00’ E.], Ubon Province, Thailand). Range: The eastern plateau and the southeastern provinces. Tephrodornis virgatus vernayi Kinnear Tephrodornis pelvicus verneyi [sic] Kinnear, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 44, No. 289, July 7, 1924, p. 102 (Ban Um Phang=Ban Le Kathe [lat. 15°50’ N., long. 98°50’ E.], Tak Province, Thai- land). Range: The southwestern and peninsular provinces from southern Tak to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Tephrodornis virgatus annectens Robinson and Boden Kloss Tephrodornis pelvica “subsp.”’ annectens “noy.’’ Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Federated Malay States Mus., vol. 8, pt. 2, December 1918, p. 222 (Ban Lam Ra=Sathani Lam Phila or Lam Phura [lat. 7°40’ N., long. 99°35’ E.], Trang Province, Thailand). ; Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to Pattani. Tephrodornis virgatus fretensis Robinson and Boden Kloss Tephrodornis pelvica fretensis Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Straits Branch Royal Asiatic Soc., No. 81, March 1920, p. 109 (Gunong Angsi [about lat. 2°41’ N., long. 102°03’ E.], Negri Sembilan State, Malaya). Range: Reported only from the southernmost provinces (Nara- thiwat). Genus CORACINA Vieillot Coracina polioptera indochinensis (Boden Kloss) Lalage fimbriata indochinensis Boden Kloss, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 46, No. 299, Nov. 4, 1925, p. 7 (Dran [lat. 11°49’ N., long. 108°38’ E.], Haut-Donai Province, Annam). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus and the western prov- inces south to Kamphaeng Phet. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 105 Coracina polioptera polioptera (Bowdler Sharpe) Campophaga polioptera Bowdler Sharpe, Catalogue of the birds in the British Museum, vol. 4, 1879, p. 69, pl. 2 (Cochin-China). Range: The southwestern provinces from Kanchanaburi to Pra- chuap Khiri Khan. Coracina melaschista intermedia (Hume) Volvocivora intermedia Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 5, Nos. 3 & 4, August 1877, p. 205 (Tenasserim and Pegu Divisions, Burma). Volvocivora koratensis Boden Kloss, Ibis, ser. 10, vol. 6, No. 2, Apr. 9, 1918, p. 193 (Sathani Lat Bua Khao [lat. 14°50’ N., long. 101°35’ E.], Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the eastern plateau, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the southwestern provinces from Kanchanaburi to the Isthmus of Kra. Coracina melaschista avensis (Blyth) Clampephaga]. avensis Blyth, Catalogue of the birds in the Museum Asiatic Society, 1849, p. 327. New name for Clam- pephaga]. melanoptera Blyth, Journ Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 15, No. 172, 1846, p. 307 (Arakan Division, Burma), not Ceblepyris (typus) melanoptera Riippell, 1839. Range: Resident on the northern plateau, on migration or in winter reported also from the eastern plateau, the southeastern provinces, and the western and peninsular provinces south to the Isthmus of Kra. Ceracina melaschista melaschista (Hodgson) [Volvocivora] Melaschistos Hodgson, India Review and Journal of Foreign Science and the Arts, vol. 1, No. 8, November 1836, p. 328 (Nepal). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai). Coracina melaschista saturata (Swinhoe) Volvocivora saturata Swinhoe, Ibis, ser. 2, vol. 6, No. 22, April 1870, p. 242 (Hainan). Range: A visitor from the Northeast, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Lamphun). Coracina fimbriata neglecta (Hume) Volvocivora neglecta Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 5, Nos. 3 & 4, August 1877, p. 203 (‘‘in the extreme south of the Tenasserim Provinces”; specimens from various localities in the Mergui District, Tenasserim Division, Burma, listed by Hume and Davison, Stray Feathers, vol. 6, 1878, p. 210). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to Trang. 106 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Coracina fimbriata culminata (Hay) Ceblepyris Culminatus Hay, Madras Journal of Literature and Sci- ence, vol. 13, pt. 2, No. 31, [not earlier than Aug. 9,] 1845, p. 157 (Malacca). Range: Reported from the southernmost peninsular provinces (Pat- tani, Yala, Narathiwat). Coracina novaehollandiae siamensis (Stuart Baker) Graucalus macei siamensis Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 38, No. 233, Apr. 30, 1918, p. 69 (Ban Kabin Buri [lat. 14°00’ N., long. 101°45’ E.], Prachin Buri Province, Thailand). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provin- ces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to the Isthmus of Kra. Coracina striata sumatrensis (S. Miiller) Cebl[epyris]. sumatrensis S. Miller, Verhandelingen over de Natuurlijke Geschiedenis der Nederlandsche overzeesche Be- zittingen . . . Land-en Volkenkunde, pt. 6, June 12, 1843, p. 190, footnote (Sumatra). Artamides sumatrensis messeris Oberholser, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 16, No. 19, Nov. 18, 1926, p. 517 (Ban Na Klua flat. 7°20’ N., long. 99°30’ E.], Trang Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the southern peninsular provinces (Trang). Genus LALAGE Boie Lalage nigra striga (Horsfield) Ceblephyris striga Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 1, May 1821, p. 145 (Java). Range: Reported only from the southern peninsular provinces (Phatthalung, Songkhla, Narathiwat). Genus PERICROCOTUS Boie Pericrocotus divaricatus divaricatus (Raffles) Lanius divaricatus Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 2, [not earlier than November] 1822, p. 305 (‘found at Singapore; but it is also known in Sumatra’’). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Lampang), the eastern plateau, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to Trang. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 107 Pericrocotus roseus cantonensis Swinhoe Pericrocotus cantonensis Swinhoe, Ibis, vol. 3, No. 9, January 1861, p. 42 (Canton, Kwangtung Province, China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Trang. Pericrocotus roseus roseus (Vieillot) Muscicapa rosea Vieillot, Nouveau dictionnaire d’histoire na- turelle, nouv. éd., tome 21, May 1818, p. 486 (Bengal State, India). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the central plains, and the peninsular provinces (Phuket). Pericrocotus cinnamomeus thai Deignan Pericrocotus peregrinus thai Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 37, No. 7, July 15, 1947, p. 254 (Ban Luang [lat. 18°25’ N., long. 98°40’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: Reported from the northern and eastern plateaus. Pericrecotus cinnamomeus vividus Stuart Baker Perecrocotus [sic] peregrinus vividus Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 40, No. 250, Apr. 30, 1920, p. 114 (‘‘Attaran River,” Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma; type locality restricted to Pabyouk [‘‘a village near a group of isolated lime- stone rocks on the right bank of the Attaran R. about 22 miles in a direct line S.E. of Moulmein,” fide Hume and Davison, Stray Feathers, vol. 6, 1878, p. 523], by Deignan, Journ. Wash- ington Acad. Sci., vol. 37, 1947, p. 255). Range: Reported from the southwestern provinces (Kanchanaburi) and the central plains. Pericrocotus cinnamomeus sacerdos Riley Pericrocotus peregrinus sacerdos Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washing- ton, vol. 53, No. 27, Nov. 8, 1940, p. 131 (Phum Sambor [lat. 12°53’ N., long. 105°04’ E.], Kompong Thom Province, Cam- bodia). Range: Reported from the northern peninsular provinces (Prachuap Khiri Khan). Pericrocotus cinnamomeus separatus Deignan Pericrocotus peregrinus separatus Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 37, No. 7, July 15, 1947, p. 255 (Tanjong Badak [lat. 10°06’ N., long. 98°31’ E.], Mergui District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: Reported along the western coast from the Pak Chan Estuary to the Takua Pa Inlet (Ranong, Phangnga). 108 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Pericrocotus cinnamomeus igneus Blyth Plericrocotus]. igneus Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 15, No. 172, 1846, p. 309 (Malacca). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Pericrocotus solaris rubro-limbatus Salvadori Pericrocotus rubro-limbatus Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, ser. 2, vol. 5, Dec. 12, 1887, pp. 515, 582 (Mulayit Taung flat. 16°11’ N., long. 98°32’ E.], Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: Reported from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Lamphun, Tak) and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Pericrocotus solaris nassovicus Deignan Pericrocotus solaris nassovicus Deignan, Auk, vol. 55, No. 3, July 12, 1938, p. 509 (Khao Kuap [lat. 12°25’ N., long. 102°50’ E.], Trat Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the southeastern provinces (Trat). Pericrocotus brevirostris neglectus Hume Pericrocotus neglectus Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 5, Nos. 3 & 4, August 1877, pp. 171, 189 (Mulayit Taung [lat. 16°11’ N., long. 98°32’ E.] and Mitan [lat. 16°00’ N., long 98°24’ E.], Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: Reported only from the western provinces of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Pericrocotus ethologus ethologus Bangs and Phillips Pericrocotus brevirostris ethologus Bangs and Phillips, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., vol. 58, No. 6, April 1914, p. 282 (Hsien Shan, Hupeh Province, China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Pericrocotus ethologus ripponi Stuart Baker Pericrocotus solaris ripponi Stuart Baker, Fauna of British India, Birds, ed. 2, vol. 2, May 7, 1924, p. 327 (“E. of Fort Stedman” = Mong Hsawk [lat. 20°34’ N., long. 96°57’ E.], Yawnghwe State, Southern Shan State, Burma). Pericrocotus ethologus cryptus Mayr, Ibis, ser. 14, vol. 4, No. 4, Oct. 11, 1940, p. 719 (Doi Pha Hom Pok [lat. 20°05’ N., long. 99°10’ E.], Chaiya Prakan Province, Thailand). Range: Reported from the western provinces of the northern pla- teau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Lamphun). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 109 Pericrocotus flammeus elegans (McClelland) Phenicornis elegans McClelland, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 7, No. 82, March 1840, p. 156 (Assam State, India; type locality restricted to “the neighborhood of Sadiya,’’ Mishmi Hills Tri- bal District, by Deignan, Auk, vol. 63, 1946, p. 524, and cor- rected to Shillong, by Sdélim Ali and Ripley, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. 48, No. 1, December 1948, p. 19). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Lamphun). Pericrocotus flammeus semiruber Whistler and Kinnear Pericrocotus speciosus semiruber Whistler and Kinnear, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. 36, No. 2, Apr. 15, 1933, pp. 340, 341 (Sankrametta, South Visakhapatnam District, Andhra State, India). Pericrocotus flammeus suchitrae Deignan, Auk, vol. 63, No. 4, Oct. 25, 1946, p. 530 (Doi Khun Tan [lat. 18°30’ N., long. 99°20’ E.], Lamphun Province, Thailand). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus and the southeastern provinces. Pericrocotus flammeus flammifer Hume [Pericrocotus] flammifer Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 3, No. 4, May 1875, p. 321, footnote ([region of] Pak Chan [Estuary], Mergui District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: The southwestern and peninsular provinces from southern Tak to the extreme South. Family CHLOROPSEIDAE Genus AEGITHINA Vieillot Aegithina viridissima viridissima (Bonaparte) Jlora]. viridissima ‘‘Temm. Mus. Lugd.’”’ Bonaparte, Conspectus generum avium, tom. 1, pars 2, Feb. 3, 1851, p. 397 (“ex Sumatr. Borneo’’; type locality inferentially restricted to Sumatra, by Oberholser, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 60, No. 7, 1912, p. 10). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Aegithina tiphia philipi Oustalet Aigithina Philipi Oustalet, Nouv. Arch. Mus. [Paris], sér. 2, tome 8, fase. 2, 1886, p. 285 (Hue [lat. 16°29’ N., long. 107°34’ E.], Hue Province, Annam). Range: The northern plateau (on the West south to Nakhon Sawan) and the northern portion of the eastern plateau (along the Mae Khong as far as Ubon). 110 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Aegithina tiphia cambodiana Hall Aegithina tiphia cambodiana Hall, Ibis, vol. 99, No. 2, Apr. 1, 1957, p. 150 (Siem Reap [lat. 13°22’ N., long. 103°51’ E.], Siem Reap Province, Cambodia). Range: The southwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Nakhon Ratchasima), the southeastern provinces, and the southern portion of the central plains east of the Chao Phaya. Aegithina tiphia horizoptera Oberholser Aegithina tiphia horizoptera Oberholser, Smithsonian Mise. Coll., vol. 60, No. 7, Oct. 26, 1912, p. 9 (Beluku Bay [lat. 1°23’ N., long. 97°33’ E.], Nias Island). Range: The southern portion of the central plains west of the Chao Phaya and the southwestern and peninsular provinces from Kanchana- buri to the extreme South. Aegithina lafresnayei innotata (Blyth) I[ora]. innotata Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 16, pt. 1, {not earlier than May] 1847, p. 472 (Arakan Division, Burma). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, and the western and peninsular provinces south to the Isthmus of Kra. Aegithina lafresnayei lafresnayei (Hartlaub) Tora Lafresnayei Hartlaub, Revue Zoologique, ann. 7, November 1844, p. 401 (Malacca). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus CHLOROPSIS Jardine and Selby Chloropsis cyanopogon septentrionalis Robinson and Boden Kloss Chloropsis cyanopogon septentrionalis Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam, vol. 3, No. 2, Feb. 25, 1919, p. 107 (Ban Nong Kok [lat. 8°26’ N., long. 98°48’ E.], Krabi Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Trang and Phatthalung. Chloropsis cyanopogon cyanopogon (Temminck) Phyllornis cyanopogon Temminck, in 'Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 81,] vol. 4, October 1829, pl. 512, fig. 1, and text (Palembang [lat. 3°00’ S., long. 104°44’ E.], Sumatra). Range: Reported from the southernmost peninsular provinces (Yala, Narathiwat). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND cit Chloropsis sonnerati zosterops Vigors Chlor[opsis]. zosterops [Vigors], in Raffles, Memoir of the life and public services of Sir T.S. Raffles . . ., 1830, p. 674 ([Sumatra]). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Chloropsis aurifrons pridii Deignan Chloropsis aurifrons pridii Deignan, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 106, No. 12, June 24, 1946, p. 2 (Doi Ang Ka or Doi Inthanon [lat. 18°35’ N., long. 98°30’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: Reported from all parts of the northern plateau, on the West south to northern Tak. Chloropsis aurifrons inornata Boden Kloss Chloropsis aurifrons inornatus [sic] Boden Kloss, Ibis, ser. 10, vol. 6, No. 2, Apr. 9, 1918, p. 198 (Sathani Lat Bua Khao and Prachuap Khiri Khan, Thailand; type specimen from Sathani Lat Bua Khao [lat. 14°50’ N., long. 101°35’ E.], Nakhon Ratchasima Province, fide Boden Kloss, tom. cit., No. 3, 1918, p. 518). Range: The greater part of the eastern plateau, the southeastern provinces (Chon Buri), and the northern provinces of the central plains (Phetchabun, Kamphaeng Phet, Nakhon Sawan). Chloropsis aurifrons incompta Deignan Chloropsis aurifrons incompta Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash- ington, vol. 61, No. 2, Mar. 4, 1948, p. 14 (‘“‘the southern slopes of the Lang Bian Plateau between Dalat and Ban Meth- uot,’ Haut-Donai Province, Annam). Range: The southwestern provinces from Kanchanaburi to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Chloropsis cochinchinensis chlorocephala (Walden) Phyllornis chlorocephalus Walden, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 4, vol. 7, No. 39, March 1871, p. 241 (near Toungoo, Toungoo District, Pegu Division, Burma). Range: The northern plateau and the western and peninsular prov- inces south to the Isthmus of Kra. Chloropsis cochinchinensis kinneari Hall and Deignan Chloropsis cochinchinensis kinneari Hall and Deignan, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 76, No. 6, Sept. 1, 1956, p. 96 (Bao Ha [lat. 22°10’ N., long. 104°21’ E.], Yenbay Province, Tongking). Range: The northern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei, Sakon Nakhon, Nakhon Phanom). 112 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Chloropsis cochinchinensis cochinchinensis (Gmelin) [Turdus] cochinchinensis Gmelin, Caroli a Linné . . . Systema naturae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 2, 1789, p. 825 (Cochin-China). Range: The southwestern portion of the eastern plateau and the southeastern provinces. Chloropsis cochinchinensis seri-thai Deignan Chloropsis cochinchinensis seri-thai Deignan, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 106, No. 12, June 24, 1946, p. 1 (Ban Tha Lo [about lat. 9°05’ N., long. 99°15’ E.], Surat Thani Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Trang. Chloropsis cochinchinensis moluccensis J. E. Gray Chloropsis Moluccensis J. EH. Gray, Zoological Miscellany, No. 1, 1831, p. 33 (‘“Molucca,” error; type locality corrected to Ma- lacca, by Deignan, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 106, No. 12, 1946, p. 2). Range: Reported from the southernmost peninsular provinces (Pat- tani, Yala, Narathiwat). Chloropsis hardwickii hardwickii Jardine and Selby [Chloropsis] Hardwickii Jardine and Selby, Illustrations of orni- thology, ser. 1, vol. 2, pt. 7, ‘“Addenda, etc.,”’ p. [131], footnote (Nepal). Range: Reported only from the mountains of the northern plateau. Family PY CNONOTIDAE Genus SPIZIXOS Blyth Spizixos canifrons ingrami Bangs and Phillips Spizizus canifrons ingrami Bangs and Phillips, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zo6l., vol. 58, No. 6, April 1914, p. 285 (Mengtsz [lat. 23°23’ N., long. 103°27’ E.], Yunnan Province, China). Range: Reported from the mountains of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Nan). Genus PYCNONOTUS Boie Pycnonotus zeylanicus (Gmelin) [Sturnus] zeylanicus Gmelin, Caroli a Linné . . . Systema natu- rae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 2, 1789, p. 804 (“cn Zeylon,” ex Latham, error; type locality inferentially corrected to Java, by Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam, vol. 5, No. 3, 1924, p. 272). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 113 Pycnonotus striatus paulus (Bangs and Phillips) Alcurus striatus paulus Bangs and Phillips, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., vol. 58, No. 6, April 1914, p. 284 (Loukouchai, Yunnan Province, China). Range: Reported from the mountains of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Nan). Pycnonotus melanoleucos (Eyton) Microtarsus melanoleucos Eyton, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 7, No. 78, November 1839, p. 102 ([Malayal]). Range: Reported only from the southernmost peninsular provinces (Narathiwat). Pycnonotus atriceps atriceps (Temminck) Turdus atriceps Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 25,] vol. 2, August 1822, pl. 147 and text (“Java .. . Sumatra’; type locality restricted to Java, by Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Fed- erated Malay States Mus., vol. 11, 1923, p. 55). Range: Throughout the country from Chiang Rai to the extreme South. Pyenonotus melanicterus vantynei Deignan Pycnonotus dispar vantynet Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 38, No. 7, Aug. 2, 1948, p. 246 (Phongtho [lat. 22°32’ N., long. 103°20’ E.], Laokay or Laichau Province, Tongking). Range: Apparently resident in the northernmost provinces of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Rai, Phayao), but also reported, on migration or in winter, from Chiang Mai and from the eastern plateau (Sakon Nakhon, Ubon). Pycnonotus melanicterus xanthops Deignan Pycnonotus dispar ranthops Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 38, No. 7, Aug. 2, 1948, p. 246 (Ban Mae [lat. 18°40’ N., long. 98°50’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: The northern plateau (excepting areas inhabited by the preceding form), on the West south to Kamphaeng Phet. Pyenonotus melanicterus auratus Deignan Pycnonotus dispar auratus Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 38, No. 7, Aug. 2, 1948, p. 246 (Muang Lom Sak flat. 16°45’ N., long. 101°10’ E.], Phetchabun Province, Thailand). Range: The northern portion of the eastern plateau (Phetchabun, Loei, Sakon Nakhon, Nakhon Phanom). 114 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Pycnonotus melanicterus johnsoni (Gyldenstolpe) Rubigula johnsoni Gyldenstolpe, Kungl. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl., band 50, No. 8, July 19, 1913, p. 25, pl. 1, fig. 3 (near Ban Chakkrarat [lat. 15°00’ N., long. 102°25’ E.], Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand). Range: The southern portion of the eastern plateau (Ubon, Nakhon Ratchasima), the southeastern provinces, and the southeastern part of the central plains (Lop Buri). Pycnonotus melanicterus elbeli Deignan Pycnonotus melanicterus elbeli Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 44, No. 4, May 3, 1954, p. 123 (Ko Kut [lat. 11°40’ N., long. 102°35’ E.], Trat Province, Thailand). Range: Islets off the coast of the southeastern provinces (Ko Kut, Ko Chang). Pycnonotus melanicterus negatus Deignan Pycnonotus melanicterus negatus Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 44, No. 4, May 3, 1954, p. 123 (Ban Hin Laem flat. 14°40’ N., long. 98°40’ E.], Kanchanaburi Province, Thailand). Range: Reported from the southwestern provinces (Kanchanaburi). Pycnonotus melanicterus caecilii Deignan Otocompsa flaviventris minor Boden Kloss, Ibis, ser. 10, vol. 6, No. 2, Apr. 9, 1918, p. 200 (Prachuap Khiri Khan [lat. 11°50’ N., long. 99°50’ E.], Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Thailand). Preoccupied by [Pycnonotus nigricans] Var. minor von Heuglin, 1869! Pycnonotus dispar caecilii Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 38, No. 7, Aug. 2, 1948, p. 247 (Trang Province [ca. lat. 7°-8° N.], Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to Trang. Pycnonotus squamatus weberi (Hume) Ixidia webberi [sic] Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 8, No. 1, April 1879, p. 40 (‘interior of the Tonka, territories,’ Phuket Prov- ince, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to Trang. Pycnonotus cyaniventris cyaniventris Blyth Plycnonotus].? cyaniventris Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 11, pt. 2, No. 128, [not earlier than December] 1842, p. 792 (Singapore Island, Malaya). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to Trang. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 115 Pycnonotus jocosus pattani Deignan Pycnonotus jocosus pattani Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 38, No. 8, Aug. 23, 1948, p. 280 (Pattani [lat. 6°50’ N., long. 101°15’ E.], Pattani Province, Thailand). Range: Throughout the country (excepting the southwestern prov- inces), from Chiang Rai to the extreme South. Pycnonotus jocosus emeria (Linnaeus) [Motacilla] Emeria Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 187 (Bengal State, India). Range: Reported only from the southwestern provinces (Kan- chanaburi). Pycnonotus aurigaster latouchei Deignan Pycnonotus aurigaster latouchet Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Scei., vol. 39, No. 8, Aug. 16, 1949, p. 275 (Lai Chau [lat. 22°02’ N., long. 103°10’ E.], Lai Chau Province, Tongking). Range: Reported only from the Mae Khong drainage of the north- ern plateau (Chiang Rai). Pycnonotus aurigaster klossi (Gyldenstolpe) Molpastes atricapillus klossi ‘Robinson’ [Gyldenstolpe], Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 41, No. 253, Nov. 9, 1920, p. 12 (Doi Khun Tan [lat. 18°30’ N., long. 99°20’ E.], Lamphun Province, Thailand); zbid., vol. 42, No. 263, Nov. 29, 1921, p. 32. Range: The northern plateau (excepting the Mae Khong drainage), on the West south to Nakhon Sawan, and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei, Phetchabun). Pycnonotus aurigaster schauenseei Delacour Pycnonotus cafer schauenseet Delacour, Zoologica, vol. 28, pt. 1, No. 5, May 4, 1943, p. 29 (Ban Si Sawat [lat. 14°40’ N., long. 99°02’ E.], Kanchanaburi Province, Thailand). Range: Reported from the southwestern provinces (southern Tak, Kanchanaburi). Pycnonotus aurigaster thais (Boden Kloss) Molpastes aurigaster thais Boden Kloss, Journ. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam, vol. 6, No. 3, July 15, 1924, p. 291 (Bangkok [lat. 13°45’ N., long. 100°30’ E.], Thailand). Yellow-vented variety! Pycnonotus cafer deignani Delacour, Zoologica, vol. 28, pt. 1, No. 5, May 4, 1943, p. 29 (Chanthaburi flat. 12°35’ N., long. 102°05’ E.], Chanthaburi Province, Thailand). Yellow-vented variety! 116 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Pycnonotus aurigaster innitens Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 39, No. 8, Aug. 16, 1949, p. 276 (Ban Pak Chong [lat. 14°40’ N., long. 101°25’ E.], Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand). Red-vented variety! Range: The southern portion of the central plains, the southeastern provinces, and the southwestern portion of the eastern plateau. Pycnonotus aurigaster germani (Oustalet) Ixus Germani Oustalet, Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris, sér. 7, tome 2, No. 1, 1878, p. 54 (Saigon, Cochin-China). Range: Reported from the southeastern portion of the eastern plateau (Ubon). Pycnonotus eutilotus (Jardine and Selby) Brachypus eutilotus Jardine and Selby, Illustrations of orni- thology, new ser., No. 1, February 1837, pl. 3 and text (Singa- pore Island, Malaya). Range: The peninsular provinces from Nakhon Si Thammarat to the extreme South. Pycnonotus finlaysoni eous Riley Pycnonotus finlaysoni eous Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 53, No. 27, Nov. 8, 1940, p. 133 (Col des Nuages [lat. 16°11’ N., long. 108°08’ E.], Annam). Range: The eastern portion of the northern plateau, the eastern plateau, the southeastern provinces, the southwestern provinces from Ksemphaeng Phet to Prachuap Khiri Khan, and the island Ko Phangan flat. 9°45’ N., long 100°00’ E.]. Pycnonotus finlaysoni finlaysoni Strickland Pycnonotus Finlaysoni Strickland, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. 13, No. 86, June 1844, p. 411 (‘‘Probably from some of the Malasian islands’’; type locality corrected to Malacca, by Hartert, Nov. Zool., vol. 9, 1902, p. 560). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Pycnonotus flavescens vividus (Stuart Baker) Xanthiscus flavescens vivida [sic] Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 38, No. 228, Dec. 4, 1917, p. 16 (Salween District and Mulayit Taung flat. 16°11’ N., long. 98°32’ E.], Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: Common on mountains of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Lamphun, Nan). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 117 Pycnonotus goiavier jambu Deignan Pycnonotus goiavier jambu Deignan, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 75, No. 9, Dec. 1, 1955, p. 130 (Ban Maha Chai [lat. 13°30’ N., long. 100°15’ E.], Samut Sakhon Province, Thailand). Range: The coastal provinces from Trat to Samut Songkhram. Pycnonotus goiavier personatus (Hume) Otocompsa personata ‘Davison’? Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 1, No. 6, December 1873, p. 457 (Kutaraja flat. 5°32’ N., long. 95°20’ E.], Acheh district, Sumatra, Indonesia). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Pycnonotus plumosus plumosus Blyth P{ycnonotus]. plumosus Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 14, pt. 2, No. 164, [not earlier than October] 1845, p. 567 (Singapore Island, Malaya). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Pycnonotus blanfordi conradi (Finsch) Criniger Conradi Finsch, in Finsch and Conrad, Verh. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien, band 23, heft 3, [not earlier than June 4,] 1873, p. 349 (Bangkok [lat. 13°45’ N., long. 100°30’ E.], Thailand). Pycnonotus robinsoni Ogilvie-Grant, ‘‘Author’s Advance Copy” from Fasciculi Malayenses, Zoology, pt. 3, July 1905, p. 85 (Tanjong, Patani”=Laem Pho [lat. 6°55’ N., long. 101°15’ E.], Pattani Province, Thailand). Range: Excepting the Mae Khong drainage of the northern pla- teau, reported throughout the country to the extreme South. Pycnonotus simplex simplex Lesson Picnonotus [sic] simplex Lesson, Revue Zoologique, ann. 2, June 1839, p. 167 (Sumatra). Range: The peninsular provinces from Krabi to the extreme South. Pycnonotus brunneus brunneus Blyth [Pycnonotus] brunneus Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 14, pt. 2, No. 164, [not earlier than October] 1845, p. 568 (Malacca). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Pycnonotus erythropthalmos erythropthalmos (Hume) I[xos]. erythropthalmos Hume, in Hume and Davison, Stray Feath- ers, vol. 6, Nos. 1-6, June 1878, p. 314 ({region of] Pak Chan [Estuary] and Bankasun, Mergui District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. 118 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Genus CRINIGER Temminck Criniger flaveolus burmanicus Oates Criniger burmanicus Oates, Fauna of British India, Birds, vol. 1, December 1889, p. 256 (‘““Toungngoo; the Karen hills; Karen- nee; Tenasserim, as far south as Meetan at the base of Muleyit mountain, and throughout the Thoungyeen valley’; type locality commonly restricted to Toungoo District, Pegu Divi- sion, Lower Burma). Range: Reported only from the valleys of the Salween (Mae Hong Song), the Mae Moei (Tak), and the Mae Klong (Kanchanaburi). Criniger pallidus henrici Oustalet Criniger Henrici Oustalet, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. [Paris], tome 2, No. 5, June 22, 1896, p. 185 (“‘entre Manhao et Se-mao [Yunnan Province, China], sur les bords de la Riviére-Noire . . .4 Nam- Xong, Ban-Moi et Hat-Hoa [Tongking]’’). Range: Reported from all parts of the northern plateau, excepting the Salween drainage. Criniger pallidus isani Deignan Criniger pallidus isani Deignan, Smithsonian Mise. Coll., vol. 134, No. 2, Oct. 25, 1956, p. 4 (Ban Muang Khai [lat. 17°30’ N.., long. 101°20’ E.], Loei Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei, Phetchabun). Criniger ochraceus cambodianus Delacour and Jabouille Criniger gutturalis cambodianus Delacour and Jabouille, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 48, No. 325, July 10, 1928, p. 130 (Le Boc Kor [lat. 10°37’ N., 104°03’ E.], Kampot Province, Cambodia). Range: Reported only from the southeastern provinces (Chon Buri, Rayong, Chanthaburi, Trat). Criniger ochraceus ochraceus Moore Criniger ochraceus Moore, in Horsfield and Moore, Catalogue of the birds in the museum of the Hon. East-India Company, vol. 1, 1854, pp. xv [nomen nudum!], 252 (Tenasserim Division, Burma; type locality restricted to Mergui [lat. 12°26’ N., long. 98°36’ E.], Mergui District, by Deignan, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 134, No. 2, 1956, p. 5). Criniger ochraceus crinitus Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 44, No. 4, May 3, 1954, p. 125 (Ban Hin Laem |[lat. 14°40’ N., long. 98°40’ E.], Kanchanaburi Province, Thailand). Range: Evergreen forests of the southwestern provinces from Kanchanaburi to Prachuap Khiri Khan. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 119 Criniger ochraceus sordidus Richmond ? Criniger Cabanisi A. Miiller, Die Ornis der Insel Salanga [ante Oct. 4], 1882, p. 32 (Phuket [lat. 7°55’ N., long. 98°25’ E.], Phuket Province, Thailand). ? Criniger Cabanisi A. Miller, Journ. fiir Orn., jahrg. 30, No. 160, November 1882, p. 384 (Phuket, Phuket Province, Thailand). Criniger sordidus Richmond, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 22, No. 1201, May 12, 1900, p. 320 (Khao Soi Dao [lat. 7°20’ N., long. 99°50’ E.], Trang Province, Thailand). ? [Criniger] salange Bowdler Sharpe, A hand-list of the genera and species of birds, vol. 3, 1901, p. 316. New name for Criniger Cabanisi A. Miller, Journ. fiir Orn., jahrg. 30, No- vember 1882, p. 384 (Phuket, Phuket Province, Thailand), not Criniger cabanist Bowdler Sharpe, “1881” [1882]. Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Satun. Criniger bres tephrogenys (Jardine and Selby) Trichophorus tephrogenys Jardine and Selby, Illustrations of orni- thology, vol. 3, pt. 9, February 1833, pl. 127 and text (“. . . though we are uncertain of its locality, we suspect it to be Indian’’; type locality corrected to Malacca, by Hartert, Nov. Zool., vol. 9, 1902, p. 558). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Criniger phaeocephalus phaeocephalus (Hartlaub) Izos (Trichixos, Less.) pheocephalus Hartlaub, Revue Zoologique, ann. 7, November 1844, p. 401 (Malacca). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus HYPSIPETES Vigors Hypsipetes criniger criniger (Blyth) Brlachypodius].? criniger “A. Hay” Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 14, pt. 2, No. 164, [not earlier than October] 1845, p. 577 (Malacca). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Hypsipetes viridescens myitkyinensis (Deignan) Microscelis viridescens myitkyinensis Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 61, No. 1, Mar. 4, 1948, p. 3 (“along the Shingaw-Tanga road,’ Myitkyina District Kachin State, Upper Burma). 546-019-639 120 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Range: Reported from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Hypsipetes viridescens viridescens (Blyth) Tole viridescens Blyth, Ibis, ser. 2, vol. 3, No. 9, January 1867, p. 7. New name for J[ole]. virescens Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 14, pt. 2, No. 164, [not earlier than October] 1845, p. 573 (Arakan Division, Lower Burma), not Jzos virescens 'Temminck, 1825. Range: Reported only from the southwestern provinces (southern Tak). Hypsipetes propinquus propinquus (Oustalet) Criniger propinguus Oustalet, Nouv. Arch. Mus. [Paris], sér 4, tome 5, 1903, p. 76 (‘““Pa-Mou,” Laichau Province, Tongking). Criniger lénnbergi Gyldenstolpe, Kungl. Svenska Vet. -Akad. Handl., band 50, No. 8, July 19, 1913, p. 24, pl. 1, fig. 2 (Pang Huai Hom [about lat. 17°50’ N., long. 100°03’ E.] and Khao Phlung [lat. 17°50’ N., long. 100°05’ E.], Uttaradit Province, Thailand). Range: The northern plateau, south on the West to Kamphaeng Phet, and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Phet- chabun, Loei), reported also, on migration or in winter, from the south- eastern provinces (Chon Buri, Rayong). Hypsipetes propinquus simulator (Deignan) Microscelis charlottae simulator Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washing- ton, vol. 61, No. 1, Mar. 4, 1948, p. 5 (Ban Hup Bon [lat. 13°05’ N., long. 101°05’ E.], Chon Buri Province, Thailand). Range: The southwestern portion of the eastern plateau and the southeastern provinces. Hypsipetes propinquus lekhakuni (Deignan) Microscelis charlottae lekhakuni Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 44, No. 4, May 3, 1954, p. 125 (Ban Hin Laem flat. 11°40’ N., long. 98°40’ E.], Kanchanaburi Province, Thailand). Range: Evergreen forests of the southwestern provinces from Kanchanaburi south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Hypsipetes propinquus cinnamomeoyentris (Stuart Baker) Tole virescens cinnamomeoventris Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 38, No. 288, Dec. 4, 1917, p. 16 (Tenasserim Town and Bankasun, Mergui District, Tenasserim Division, Lower Burma; type locality restricted to Tenasserim Town, by Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 61, 1948, p. 6). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Trang. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 121 Hypsipetes charlottae cryptus (Oberholser) Tole olivacea crypta Oberholser, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 31, No. 46, Dec. 30, 1918, p. 197 (Pulau Jemaja, Anamba Islands, South China Sea). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Hypsipetes mcclellandii tickelli Blyth Hypsipetes Tickelli Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 24, No. 3, [not earlier than April] 1855 p. 275 (‘‘mountainous interior of the Tenasserim provinces,’’ Lower Burma). Range: The northwestern provinces from Chaiya Prakan south to Tak. Hypsipetes mcclellandii loquax (Deignan) Izos meclellandii loquax Deignan, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 99, No. 18, Dec. 11, 1940, p. 2 (Doi Phu Kha [lat. 19°05’ N., long. 101°05’ E.], Nan Province, Thailand). Range: Reported from the eastern portion of the northern plateau (Nan) and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Hypsipetes meclellandii canescens (Riley) Izos canescens [sic] Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 46, No. 32, Oct. 26, 1933, p. 155 (Khao Kuap [lat 12°25’ N., long. 102°50’ E.], Trat Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the southeasternmost provinces (Trat), Hypsipetes meclellandii peracensis (Hartert and Butler) Tole tickelli peracensis Hartert and Butler, Nov. Zool., vol. 5, No. 4, Dec. 31, 1898, p. 506 (Gunong Ijau, Perak State, Malaya). Range: Reported from mountains of the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Nakhon Si Thammarat). Hypsipetes malaccensis Blyth H{ypsipetes|. malaccensis Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 14, pt. 2, No. 164, [not earlier than October] 1845, p. 574 (Malacca). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Hypsipetes flavala bourdellei (Delacour) Hemizus flavala bourdellet Delacour, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 47, No. 308, Nov. 6, 1926, p. 13 (Chiang Khwang [lat. 19°19’ N.., long. 103°22’ E.] Chiang Khwang Province, Laos). Range: Reported only from the eastern plateau (Loei, Nakhon Ratchasima). 122 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Hypsipetes flavala hildebrandi (Hume) Hemizus Hildebrandi Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 2, No. 6, October 1874, p. 508 (“on the banks of the Younzaleen, in the Salween District of the Tenasserim Provinces,’ Lower Burma). Range: Reported from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Lamphun, Lampang). Hypsipetes flavala davisoni (Hume) Hemixus Davisoni Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 5, No. 2, June 1877, p. 111 (‘on the Toungya road to Myawadee,’’ Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Lower Burma). Range: Reported only from the southwestern provinces (southern Tak). Hypsipetes flavala cinereus (Blyth) Tole]. cinerea ‘A. Hay” Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 14, pt. 2, No. 164, [not earlier than October] 1845, p. 573 (Malacca). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Hypsipetes madagascariensis leucothorax (Mayr) Microscelis leucocephalus leucothorax Mayr, Journ. fiir Orn., jahrg. 89, heft 4, Mar. 15, 1942, p. 381 (“Chung Chiang Miao,”’ Hsikang Province, China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus. Hypsipetes madagascariensis stresemanni (Mayr) Microscelis leucocephalus stresemanni Mayr, Journ. fiir Orn., jahrg. 89, heft 4, Mar. 15, 1942, p. 383 (‘“Westhang des Li- chiang-Gebirges,” Yunnan Province, China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the eastern plateau (Ubon). Hypsipetes madagascariensis sinensis (La Touche) Haringtonia perniger sinensis La Touche, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 42, No. 264, Jan. 3, 1922, p. 53 (Hokow, Yunnan Province, China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the eastern plateau (Ubon). Hypsipetes madagascariensis concolor Blyth Hypsipetes concolor Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 13, pt. 2, [not earlier than August] 1849, p. 816 (‘“Tenasserim provinces’’; type specimen from Moulmein, Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Lower Burma, fide Sclater, Ibis, 1892, THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 123 p. 77, and Finn, List of the birds in the Indian Museum, pt. 1, 1901, p. 94). Range: The northwestern provinces from Chaiya Prakan to south- ern Tak and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Hypsipetes thompsoni (Bingham) Cerasophila Thompsoni Bingham, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 7, vol. 5, No. 28, April 1900, p. 358 (“Loi-San-Pa’”=Taung Palaung [lat. 21°46’ N., long. 96°55’ E.], Mongkung State, Southern Shan State, Upper Burma). Range: Reported only from the western portion of the northern plateau (Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai). Family DICRURIDAE Genus DICRURUS Vieillot Dicrurus adsimilis albirictus (Hodgson) [Bhichanga] Albirictus Hodgson, India Review and Journal of Foreign Science and the Arts, vol. 1, No. 8, November 1836, p. 326 (Nepal). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Dicrurus adsimilis cathoecus Swinhoe Dicrurus cathecus Swinhoe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, for 1871, pt. 2, October 1871, p. 377 (China, Hainan, and Formosa’’; type locality restricted to South China, by Hartert, Die Végel der palaarktischen Fauna, band 3, hft. 2, 1921, p. 2017). Dicrurus annectens siamensis Boden Kloss, Ibis, ser. 10, vol. 6, No. 2, Apr. 9, 1918, p. 226 (Prachuap Khiri Khan [lat. 11°50’ N., long. 99°50’ E.J], Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Thai- land). Range: Reported, whether as a resident or a migrant, from the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to the Isthmus of Kra. Dicrurus adsimilis thai Boden Kloss Dicrurus macrocercus thai Boden Kloss, Journ. Federated Malay States Mus., vol. 10, pt. 3, June 1921, p. 208 (Prachuap Khiri Khan [lat. 11°50’ N., long. 99°50’ E.], Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Thailand). Range: Resident in the southeastern provinces (Chon Buri) and on the central plains (Phetchabun, Kamphaeng Phet, Lop Buri, Samut Sakhon, Rat Buri, Prachuap Khiri Khan). 124 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Dicrurus leucophaeus leucogenis (Walden) Buchanga leucogenis Walden, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 4, vol. 5, No. 27, March 1870, p. 219 (Nagasaki, Japan, error; type lo- cality corrected to China, by Stuart Baker, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. 27, 1921, p. 474, and restricted to Ichang, Hupeh Province, by Deignan, U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 186, 1945, p. 289). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Nan), the eastern plateau (Ubon), the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the Isthmus of Kra. Dicrurus leucophaeus salangensis Reichenow [Dicrourus] leucogenys [var. salangensis] Reichenow, in Heine and Reichenow, Nomenclator Musei Heineani Ornithologici, 1890, p. 69 (“Ins. Salanga’”’=Ko Phuket [lat. 7°50’ N., long. 98°20’ E.], Phuket Province, Thailand). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to Satun. Dicrurus leucophaeus hopwoodi Stuart Baker Dicrurus leucophaeus hopwoodi Stuart Baker, Nov. Zool., vol. 25, May 1918, p. 294 (Dacca, Dacca District, East Bengal Province, Pakistan). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chaiya Prakan, Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai) and the eastern plateau (Ubon). Dicrurus leucophaeus mouhoti (Walden) Buchanga mouhoti Walden, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 4, vol. 5, No. 27, March 1870, p. 220 (Cambodia; type locality restricted to Angkor Wat [lat. 13°25’ N., long. 103°52’ E.], Siem Reap Province, by Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 53, 1940, p.. 132), Range: Reported as a resident from the northern plateau and the northern part of the eastern plateau, but on migration or in winter found throughout the country south to the Isthmus of Kra. Dicrurus leucophaeus bondi Meyer de Schauensee Dicrurus bondi Meyer de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 89, Oct. 20, 1937, p. 337 (Ban Chanuman flat. 16°15’ N., long. 105°00’ E.], Ubon Province, Thailand). Range: The southern portion of the eastern plateau (Ubon) and the central plains (Tak, Sukhothai, Kamphaeng Phet). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 125 Dicrurus leucophaeus nigrescens Oates Diicrurus]. nigrescens Oates, Fauna of British India, Birds, vol. 1, 1889, p. 311 [in key] ({inferentially] Kyeikpadein, Pegu District, Pegu Division, Burma). Range: Reported from the southeastern provinces and the penin- sular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan south to Phuket. Dicrurus annectens (Hodgson) [Bhichanga] Annectans [sic] Hodgson, India Review and Journal of Foreign Science and the Arts, vol. 1, No. 8, November 1836, p. 326 (Nepal). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Phrae, Nan), the eastern plateau (Loei, Nakhon Ratchasima), the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. Dicrurus aeneus aeneus Vieillot Dicrurus zneus Vieillot, Nouveau dictionnaire d’histoire naturelle, nouv. éd., tome 9, March 1817, p. 586 (Bengal State, India). Range: Found throughout the country from Chiang Rai to the extreme South. Dicrurus remifer tectirostris (Hodgson) [Bhringa] Tectirostris Hodgson, India Review and Journal of Foreign Science and the Arts, vol. 1, No. 8, November 1836, p. 325 (Nepal). Bhringa remifer latispatula Meyer de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 81, Oct. 3, 1929, p. 475 (Doi Suthep [lat. 18°50’ N., long. 98°55’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: Reported from all parts of the northern plateau and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Dicrurus remifer peracensis (Stuart Baker) Bhringa remifer peracensis Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 39, No. 237, Nov. 30, 1918, p. 18 (Telom, Cameron’s Highlands, Perak-Pahang boundary, Malaya). Range: The southeastern provinces (Chanthaburi) and the western and peninsular provinces (Tak, Surat Thani). Dicrurus remifer lefoli (Delacour and Jabouille) Bhringa remifer lefoli Delacour and Jabouille, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 48, No. 325, July 10, 1928, p. 133 (Bokor [lat. 10°37’ N., long. 104°03’ E.], Kampot Province, Cambodia). Range: Reported in atypical form from the extreme southeastern provinces (Trat). 126 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Dicrurus hottentottus brevirostris (Cabanis) T\richometopus]. brevirostris Cabanis, in Cabanis and Heine, Museum Heineanum, theil 1, 1851, p. 112 (China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the southwestern and peninsular provinces from Kanchanaburi to the Isthmus of Kra. Dicrurus hottentottus hottentottus (Linnaeus) [Corvus]. hottentottus Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 12, tom. 1, 1766, p. 155 (“Cap. b. spei,” error; type locality altered to Sikkim, by Stuart Baker, Nov. Zool., vol. 26, 1919, p. 44, and to “the region between Ayuthia and the head of the Gulf [of Siam],’’ by Boden Kloss, Journ. Federated Malay States Mus., vol. 10, 1921, p. 223, but corrected to Chandernagore, Hooghly District, Bengal State, India, by Stresemann, Ibis, vol. 94, 1952, pp. 517, 521). Range: The nortbern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Dicrurus paradiseus rangoonensis (Gould) Edolius Rangoonensis Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 4, No. 37, Apr. 9, 1836, p. 5 (Rangoon Town District, Pegu Division, Burma). Range: The northern plateau and the northern part of the eastern plateau (Loei, Nong Khai, Nakhon Phanom, Sakon Nakhon, Khon Kaen). Dicrurus paradiseus malabaricus (Latham) [Lanius] malabaricus Latham, Index ornithologicus, vol. 1, 1790, p. 66 (Malabar Coast, ea Sonnerat; type locality here restricted to Mahé, Malabar District, Madras State, India). Range: The southern part of the eastern plateau, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular prov- inces from Tak to the Isthmus of Kra. Dicrurus paradiseus paradiseus (Linnaeus) [Cuculus] paradiseus Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 12, tom. 1, 1766, p. 172 (“Siam’’; type locality restricted to ‘‘the region between Ayuthia and the head of the Gulf,’’ by Boden Kloss, Journ. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam, vol. 3, 1919, p. 453, but corrected to Mergui, Mergui District, Tenasserim Division, Burma, by Stresemann, Ibis, vol. 94, 1952, pp. 509, 519). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND eH Dissemurus paradiseus hypoballus Oberholser, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 16, No. 19, Nov. 18, 1926, p. 518 (Ban Phra Muang [lat. 7°20’ N., long. 99°30’ E.], Trang Province, Thai- land). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Fi amily ORIOLIDAE Genus ORIOLUS Linnaeus Oriolus chinensis diffusus Bowdler Sharpe Oriolus diffusus Bowdler Sharpe, Catalogue of the birds in the British Museum, vol. 3, 1877, p. 197 (China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter throughout the country from Chiang Rai to the extreme South. Oriolus tenuirostris tenuirostris Blyth O[riolus]. tenwirostris Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 15, No. 169, 1846, p. 48 (“Central India,” error; type locality corrected to Assam State, India, by Deignan, U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 186, 1945, p. 296). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter throughout the western provinces from Chaiya Prakan to the Isthmus of Kra. Oriolus xanthornus xanthornus (Linnaeus) [Coracias] Xanthornus Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 108 (‘‘America,” error; type locality corrected to Bengal State, India, ex Edwards, by Hellmayr, Verh. Orn. Ges. Bayern, band 14, heft 1, 1919, pp. 131-132). Oriolus luteolus thaiacous Hartert, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 38, No. 233, Apr. 30, 1918, p. 63 (Prachuap Khiri Khan [lat. 11°50’ N., long. 99°50’ E.], Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Thailand). Range: Common throughout the country from Chiang Rai south to Trang. Oriolus xanthonotus xanthonotus Horsfield Oriolus Xanthonotus Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 1, May 1821, p. 152 (Blitar [lat. 8°06’ S., long. 112°10’ E.], Java). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. 128 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Oriolus traillii traillii (Vigors) Pastor Traillii Vigors, Proc. Comm. Sci. Corr. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 1, No. 14, Mar. 2, 1832, p. 175 (Himalayas; type locality restricted to Darjeeling, Darjeeling District, Bengal State, India, by Stuart Baker, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soe., vol. 27, 1921, p. 698). Range: The northern plateau, on the West south to Tak, and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Oriolus traillii mellianus Stresemann Oriolus traillii mellianus Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., jahrg. 30, No. 3, May 1, 1922, p. 64 (‘“Drachenkopf’’, Kwangtung Prov- ince, China). Range: A visitor from southeastern China, reported on migration or in winter from the southeastern provinces (Trat, Chanthaburi) and the northern peninsular provinces (Prachuap Khiri Khan). Genus IRENA Horsfield Irena puella sikkimensis Whistler and Kinnear Irena puella sikkimensis Whistler and Kinnear, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. 36, No. 3, Aug. 15, 1933, p. 582 (Sukna, Darjeeling District, Bengal State, India). Range: Evergreen forests of the northern plateau. Irena puella puella (Latham) [Coracias] Puella Latham, Index ornithologicus, vol. 1, 1790, p. 171 (India; type locality restricted to Travancore State, by Stuart Baker, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. 27, No. 4, 1921, p. 723). Range: Evergreen forests of the eastern plateau, of the southeastern provinces, and of the western and peninsular provinces south to Trang. Irena puella malayensis Moore Irena Malayensis Moore, in Horsfield and Moore, Catalogue of the birds in the museum of the Hon. East-India Company, vol. 1, 1854, p. 274 (lava, Sumatra, Malacca; type locality [infer- entially] restricted to ‘‘the peninsula of Malacca and the island of Sumatra,” by Walden, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 4, vol. 5, 1870, p. 417, and further restricted [inferentially] to Malacca, by Bowdler Sharpe, Catalogue of the birds in the British Mu- seum, vol. 3, 1877, p. 269). Range: Evergreen forests of the extreme southern peninsular prov- inces (Satun, Pattani). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 129 Family CORVIDAE Genus PLATYLOPHUS Swainson Platylophus galericulatus ardesiacus (Bonaparte) L{ophocitta]. ardesiaca ‘‘Cabanis’”’ Bonaparte, Conspectus generum avium, tom. 1, pars 2, Feb. 3, 1851, p. 374 (‘“‘ex Java?”’; type locality corrected to ‘‘the Settlement of Malacca,” Malaya, by Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam, vol. 5, No. 3, 1924, p. 328). Range: The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. Genus GARRULUS Brisson Garrulus glandarius leucotis Hume Garrulus leucotis Hume, Proc. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, No. 5, [not earlier than May 1,] 1874, p. 106 (no locality given; type specimen from Kyauknyat [lat. 18°16’ N., long. 97°31’ E.], Salween District, Tenasserim Division, Burma, fide Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 2, No. 4, June 1874, p. 443). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus and the western provinces south to Kanchanaburi. Genus CISSA Boie Cissa thalassina hypoleuca Salvadori and Giglioli Cissa hypoleuca Salvadori and Giglioli, Atti Accad. Sci. Torino, vol. 20, disp. 3, [not earlier than Jan. 11,] 1885, p. 427 (Thudau- mot flat. 10°59’ N., long. 106°39’ E.], Thudaumot Province, Cochin-China). Range: Reported from the southeastern provinces (Chachoengsao, Chon Buri, Chanthaburi, Trat). Cissa chinensis chinensis (Boddaert) Coracias chinensis Boddaert, Table des planches enluminéez d@histoire naturelle, 1783, p. 38 (China ex d’Aubenton, error; type locality corrected to ‘Southern Siam,” by Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. and Proc. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, new ser., vol. 18, 1923, p. 561, and further corrected to Mergui, Mergui District, Tenasserim Division, Burma, by Stresemann, Ibis, vol. 94, 1952, pp. 516, 521). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus and the western proy- inces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. 130 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Cissa erythrorhyncha magnirostris (Blyth) Ps{ilorhinus]. magnirostris Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 15, No. 169, 1846, p. 27 (‘‘Ya-ma-dong Mountains, sep- arating Arracan from Pegu,”’ Burma). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, and the western provinces south to Kanchanaburi. Genus CRYPSIRINA Vieillot Crypsirina vagabunda kinneari (Stuart Baker) Dendrocitta rufa kinneari Stuart Baker, Fauna of British India, Birds, ed. 2, vol. 1, Aug. 16, 1922, pp. vili [nomen nudum/!], 48 (in key), 51 (Toungoo, Toungoo District, Pegu Division, Burma). Range: Reported from the northern plateau, on the West south to Tak. Crypsirina vagabunda sakeratensis (Gyldenstolpe) Dendrocitta rufa sakeratensis Gyldenstolpe, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 41, No. 254, Nov. 30, 1920, p. 32 (Ban Chakkrarat [lat. 15°00’ N., long. 102°25’ E.], Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand). Range: Reported from the eastern plateau and the southeastern provinces (Chon Buri). Crypsirina vagabunda saturatior (Ticehurst) Dendrocitta vagabunda saturatior Ticehurst, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 42, No. 264, Jan. 3, 1922, p. 56 (““Kaukariyet Mts.”= mountains near Kawkareik [lat. 16°35’ N., long. 98°15’ E.], Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: The southwestern provinces from southern Tak to Kan- chanaburi. Crypsirina occipitalis himalayana (Jerdon) Dendrocitta Himalayana “Blyth” Jerdon, The Birds of India, vol. 3, 1864, p. 874. New name for “Dendrocitta Sinensis, Latham” Jerdon, op. cit., vol. 2, pt. 1, 1863, p. 316, No. 676 (“Throughout the Himalayas, and . . . very rarely on the hills of Southern India’”’; type locality here restricted to Darjeeling, Darjeeling District, Bengal State, India) [‘‘This is, writes Mr. Blyth, distinct from true Dendrocitta sinensis, and that naturalist sug- gests for it the name of Dendrocitta Himalayana, Blyth.’’] Range: Reported from the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau and once, on migration or in winter, from the northwestern portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 131 Crypsirina occipitalis assimilis (Hume) Dendrocitta assimilis Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 5, No. 2, June 1877, p. 117 (“Hill Tenasserim”’; specimens from Kawludo [lat. 18°30’ N., long. 97°19’ E.], Salween District, and Mulayit Taung flat. 16°11’ N., long. 98°32’ E.], Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma, fide Hume and Davison, Stray Feathers, vol. 6, 1878, p. 386). Range: Reported from the northwestern provinces (Chiang Rai, Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Lamphun, Lampang, Tak). Crypsirina temia (Daudin) Corvus temia Daudin, Traité élémentaire et complet d’ornitholo- gie, tome 2, May 1800, p. 244 (Jakarta, Java). Crypsirina varians longipennis Neumann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 55, No. 386, Apr. 30, 1935, p. 136 (Chanthaburi [lat. 12°35’ N., long. 102°05’ E.], Chanthaburi Province, Thailand). Range: Reported throughout the country from Chiang Rai to the extreme South. Genus PLATYSMURUS Reichenbach Platysmurus leucopterus leucopterus (T’emminck) Glaucopis leucopterus [sic] Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 45,] vol. 2, April 1824, pl. 265 and text (Sumatra). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus CORVUS Linnaeus Corvus splendens insolens Hume [Corvus] insolens Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 2, No. 6, October 1874, p. 480 (Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: Rare and local in the northern peninsular provinces (Phet Buri, Prachuap Khiri Khan). Corvus macrorhynchos levaillantii Lesson Corvus Levaillantii Lesson, Traité d’ornithologie, livr. 5, [between] September 1830 [and] February 1831, p. 328 (Bengal State, India). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the central plains, and the western provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. 132 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Corvus macrorhynchos macrorhynchos Wagler Clorvus]. Macrorhynchos Wagler, Systema avium, pt. 1, 1827, p. [813] (‘in Nova-Hollandia, Nova-Guinea, et in insulis Sumatra et Java’’; type locality restricted to Java, ‘ex Temm. M.S. in Mus. Lugd.,” by Hartert, Nov. Zool., vol. 9, 1902, p. 442). Range: The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. Family PARIDAE Genus PARUS Linnaeus Parus major nubicolus Meyer de Schauensee Parus major nubicolus Meyer de Schauensee, Notulae Naturae Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, No. 169, Feb. 25, 1946, p. 8 (Doi Pha Hom Pok [lat. 20°05’ N., long. 99°10’ E.], Chaiya Prakan Province, Thailand). Range: Reported from pine forests of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai). Parus major templorum Meyer de Schauensee Parus major templorum Meyer de Schauensee, Notulae Naturae Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, No. 169, Feb. 25, 1946, p. 2 (Khao Nam Phu [near Muang Lom Sak, lat. 16°45’ N., long. 101°10’ E.], Phetchabun Province, Thailand). Range: Reported from the eastern plateau (Phetchabun, Ubon). Parus major ambiguus (Raffles) Turdus ambiguus Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 2, [not earlier than November] 1822, p. 311 (Sumatra; type locality restricted to Benkulen [lat. 3°47’ S., long. 102°15’ E.], by Kinnear and Robinson, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 47, No. 315, 1927, p. 130). Range: Reported from mangroves of the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Phuket, Trang, Pattani). Parus xanthogenys subviridis Blyth Parus subviridis ‘“Tickell”’ Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 24, No. 3, 1855, p. 267 (‘“Mountainous interior of Tenasserim”’; type specimen from Mulayit Taung [lat. 16°11’ N., long. 98°32’ E.], Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma, fide Hume im Hume and Davison, Stray Feathers, vol. 6, 1878, p. 378). Range: Reported from the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Lamphun, Nan) and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 133 Genus MELANOCHLORA Lesson Melanochlora sultanea sultanea (Hodgson) [Parus] Sultaneus Hodgson, The India Review and Journal of Foreign Science and the Arts, vol. 2, No. 1, April 1837, p. 31 ([Nepal]). Range: The northern plateau, on the West south to Tak, and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Melanochlora sultanea flavo-cristata (Lafresnaye) Plarus]. flavo-cristatus Lafresnaye, Magasin de Zoologie, ann. 7, livr. 1, [not earlier than January] 1837, ‘Cl. IT, pl. 80” (‘les de la Sonde’’; type locality restricted to Sumatra, by Robinson and Boden Kloss, in 1918, fide Chasen, A handlist of Malaysian birds, 1935, p. 261). Range: The southern portion of the eastern plateau, the south- eastern provinces, and the southwestern and peninsular provinces to the extreme South. Genus SYLVIPARUS Burton Sylviparus modestus saturatior Rippon Sylviparus saturatior Rippon, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 16, No. 124, May 8, 1906, p. 87 (Mount Victoria, Kanpetlet District, Magwe Division, Burma). Range: Reported from high mountains of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Fi amily SITTIDAE Genus SITTA Linnaeus Sitta europaea delacouri Deignan Sitta europea delacouri Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 28, No. 8, Aug. 15, 1938, p. 372 (Doi Suthep [lat. 18°50’ N., long. 98°55’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: Reported from the higher mountains of the western part of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai). Sitta europaea tonkinensis Kinnear Sitta castanea tonkinensis Kinnear, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 56, No. 392, Jan. 31, 1936, p. 71 (Nape [lat. 18°18’ N., long. 105°05’ E.], Thakkek Province, Laos). Range: Reported from the Mae Khong drainage of the northern plateau (Doi Hua Mot [lat. 19°07’ N., long. 99°20’ E.]). 134 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Sitta europaea neglecta Walden Sitta neglecta Walden, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 4, vol. 5, No. 27, March 1870, p. 218 (‘Karen Hills of the Tonghoo district,” Pegu Division, Burma). Sitta Auto-Sitta siamensis Kleinschmidt, Berajah, Zoographia Infinita [Halle], 1928, p. 14 (Doi Khun Tan [lat. 18°30’ N., long. 99°20’ E.], Lamphun Province, Thailand). Range: Deciduous forests of the northern plateau (excepting Chiang Rai, Phayao, and Chaiya Prakan), of the eastern plateau, and of the western provinces south to Kanchanaburi. Sitta magna magna Wardlaw Ramsay Sitta magna Wardlaw Ramsay, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, for 1876, pt. 3, October 1876, p. 677, pl. 63 (Karenni State, Burma). Range: Reported from the higher mountains of the western part of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai). Sitta frontalis frontalis Swainson Sitta frontalis Swainson, Zoological illustrations, vol. 1, No. 1, Oct. 1, 1820, pl. 2 and text (Ceylon). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, and the western and peninsular provinces south to the Isthmus of Kra. Sitta frontalis saturatior Hartert Sitta frontalis saturatior Hartert, Nov. Zool., vol. 9, No. 3, Dec. 16, 1902, p. 573 (Gunong Tahan [lat. 4°38’ N., long. 102°14’ E.], Pahang State, Malaya). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Family CERTHITDAE Genus CERTHIA Linnaeus Certhia discolor shanensis Stuart Baker Certhia discolor shanensis Stuart Baker, Fauna of British India, Birds, ed. 2, vol. 7, May 14, 1930, p. 90. New name for Certhia discolor fuliginosa Stuart Baker, op. cit., vol. 1, Aug. 16, 1922, pp. 435 [in key], 438 (Loi Pang Nao [lat. 21°20’ N., long. 100°20’ E.], Kengtung State, Southern Shan State, Burma), not O[erthia]. fuliginosa Bechstein, 1811, or Certhia fuliginosa Shaw, 1812. Range: Reported from the higher mountains of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 135 Family CINCLIDAE Genus CINCLUS Borkhausen Cinclus pallasii dorjei Kinnear Cinclus pallasi dorjei Kinnear, in Ludlow and Kinnear, Ibis, ser. 14, vol. 1, No. 2, Apr. 1, 1937, p. 263 (Sakden, eastern Bhutan). Range: Reported only from the western portion of the northern plateau (Doi Ang Ka [lat. 18°35’ N., long. 98°30’ E.)). Family MUSCICAPIDAE Subfamily TIMALIINAE Genus PELLORNEUM Swainson Pellorneum ruficeps indistinctum Deignan Pellorneum ruficeps indistinctum Deignan, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 107, No. 14, Oct. 20, 1947, p. 16 (King Chiang Saen flat. 20°15’ N., long 100°05’ E.], Chiang Rai Province, Thailand). Range: Reported from the Mae Khong drainage of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Rai, Phayao). Pellorneum ruficeps chthonium Deignan Pellorneum ruficeps chthonium Deignan, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 107, No. 14, Oct. 20, 1947, p. 14 (Doi Suthep [lat. 18°50’ N., long. 98°55’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: The northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Lamphun, Lampang, Phrae, Nan, Uttaradit, Sukhothai, northern Tak). Pellorneum ruficeps elbeli Deignan Pellorneum ruficeps elbeli Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 69, No. 36, Dec. 31, 1956, p. 208 (Ban Na Muang, near Muang Daen Sai [lat. 17°15’ N., long. 101°05’ E.], Loei Prov- ince, Thailand). Range: Reported from the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei, Phetchabun). Pellorneum ruficeps ubonense Deignan Pellorneum ruficeps ubonense Deignan, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 107, No. 14, Oct. 20, 1947, p. 18 (Ban Chanuman [lat. 16°15’ N., long. 105°00’ E.], Ubon Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the easternmost portion of the eastern plateau (Ubon). 546—019—63—10 136 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Pellorneum ruficeps euroum Deignan Pellorneum ruficeps euroum Deignan, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 107, No. 14, Oct. 20, 1947, p. 19 (Chanthaburi [lat. 12°35’ N., long. 102°05’ E.], Chanthaburi Province, Thailand). Range: The southwestern portion of the eastern plateau, the south- eastern provinces, and the central plains lying east of the river Chao Phaya. Pellorneum ruficeps smithi Riley Pellorneum smithi Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 37, No. 22, Oct. 21, 1924, p. 129 (Ko Chang [lat. 12°00’ N., long. 102°30’ E.], off Trat Province, Thailand). Range: Islets off the coast of the southeastern provinces (Ko Chang) Pellorneum ruficeps subochraceum Swinhoe Pellorneum subochraceum Swinhoe, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 4, vol. 7, No. 40, April 1871, p. 257 (‘the Tenasserim provinces”; type locality restricted to Moulmein, Amherst District, Tenas- serim Division, Burma, by Deignan, Smithsonian Mise. Coll., vol. 107, No. 14, 1947, p. 12). Range: Evergreen forests of the southwestern provinces from southern Tak to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Pellorneum ruficeps acrum Deignan Pellorneum ruficeps acrum Deignan, Smithsonian Mise. Coll., vol. 107, No. 14, Oct. 20, 1947, p. 13 (Yala [lat. 6°30’ N., long. 101°15’ E.], Yala Province, Thailand). Range: The central plains lying west of the river Chao Phaya and open forests of the southwestern and peninsular provinces from Kamphaeng Phet to the extreme South. Pellorneum capistratum nigrocapitatum (Eyton) Brachypteryx nigrocapitata Eyton, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 7, No. 78, November 1839, p. 103 ([Malaya)]). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Pellorneum albiventre cinnamomeum (Rippon) Drymocataphus cinnamomeus Rippon, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 11, No. 74, Oct. 27, 1900, p. 12 (Loi Mai [lat. 20°25’ N., long. 97°26’ E.], Mawkmai[?] State, Southern Shan State, Burma). Range: Reported from mountains of the northwestern provinces (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND tS7. Genus TRICHASTOMA Blyth Trichastoma tickelli fulvum (Walden) Drymocataphus fulvus Walden, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 4, vol. 15, No. 90, June 1875, p. 401 (Karenni State, Burma). Range: The northern plateau and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Phetchabun, Loei). Trichastoma tickelli tickelli (Blyth) Pellornium [sic] Tickelli Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 28, No. 4, 1859, p. 414 (“mountainous interior of the Tenas- serim provinces”’; type specimen from ‘‘Woods of Teewap’hado, 1100 to 1500 feet,” Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma, fide Tickell, zbid., No. 5, 1860, p. 449). Range: The southwestern and peninsular provinces from southern Tak to the extreme South. Trichastoma malaccense malaccense (Hartlaub) Blrachypteryx]. malaccensis MHartlaub, Systematisches Ver- zeichniss der naturhistorischen Sammlung der Gesellschaft Museum [Bremen]. abth. 1, 1844, p. 40, footnote (Malacca). Anuropsis malaccensis driophila Oberholser, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 74, No. 2, Sept. 27, 1922, p. 9 (Khao Soi Dao [lat. 7°20’ N., long. 99°50’ E.], Trang Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Trichastoma rostratum rostratum Blyth Trlichastoma]. rostratum Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 11, pt. 2, No. 128, [not earlier that December] 1842, p. 795 (Singapore Island, Malaya). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Trichastoma bicolor (Lesson) Brachypteryx bicolor Lesson, Revue Zoologique, ann. 2, May 1839, p. 1388 (Sumatra). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Trichastoma sepiarium tardinatum (Hartert) Malacocincla sepiaria tardinata Hartert, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 36, No. 211, Dec. 29, 1915, p. 35 (Gunong Tahan [lat. 4°38’ N., long. 102°14’ E.], Pahang State, Malaya). Range: Reported only from the southernmost peninsular provinces (Pattani, Yala, Narathiwat). 138 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Trichastoma abbotti williamsoni (Deignan) Malacocincla abbotti williamsoni Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 38, No. 5, May 20, 1948, p. 185 (Ban Pak Chong [lat. 14°40’ N., long. 101925’ E.], Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand). Range: The southwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Sara Buri, Nakhon Ratchasima, Nakhon Nayok, Prachin Buri). Trichastoma abbotti obscurius (Deignan) Malacocincla abbotti obscurior Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 38, No. 5, May 20, 1948, p. 185 (Khao Sa Bap [lat. 12°35’ N., long. 102°15’ E.], Chanthaburi Province, Thailand). Range: Coastal areas of the southeastern provinces from Chon Buri to Trat and the islet Ko Kut, off the coast of Trat. Trichastoma abbotti abbotti (Blyth) Mlalacocincla]. Abbotti Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 14, pt. 2, No. 164, [not earlier than October] 1845, p. 601 (Ramree Island, Kyaukpyu District, Arakan Disivion, Burma). Malacocincla abbotti rufescentior Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 38, No. 5, May 20, 1948, p. 184 (Ban Tha Lo [about lat. 9°05’ N., long. 99°15’ E.J, Surat Thani Province, Thailand). Range: The central plains lying west of the river Chao Phaya and the southwestern and peninsular provinces from Kamphaeng Phet to Satun. Trichastoma abbotti olivaceum (Strickland) Malacopteron olivaceum Strickland, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 14, No. 165, Jan. 26, 1847, p. 102 (Malacca). Range: Reported only from the southernmost peninsular provinces (Pattani, Yala, Narathiwat). Genus MALACOPTERON Eyton Malacopteron magnum magnum Eyton Malacopteron magnum Eyton, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 7, No. 78, November 1839, p. 103 ({[Malaya)). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Malacopteron cinereum indochinense (Robinson and Boden Kloss) Horizillas rufifrons indochinensis Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Federated Malay States Mus., vol. 10, pt. 3, June 1921, p. 205 (Trang Bom [lat. 10°56’ N., long. 107°00’ E.], Bien Hoa Province, Cochin-China). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 139 Range: The southwestern portion of the eastern plateau and the southeastern provinces. Malacopteron cinereum cinereum Eyton Malacopteron cinereus [sic] Eyton, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 7, No. 78, November 1839, p. 103 ([Malaya)]). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Malacopteron magnirostre magnirostre (Moore) Alcippe magnirostris Moore, in Horsfield and Moore, Catalogue of the birds in the museum of the Hon. East-India Company, vol. 1, 1854, pp. xiv [nomen nudum!], 407 (Malacca). Range: The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. Malacopteron affine affine (Blyth) Tr{ichastoma]. affine Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 11, pt. 2, No. 128, [not earlier than December] 1842, p. 795 (Singa- pore Island, Malaya). Range: Reported only from the southernmost peninsular proy- inces (Pattani, Yala, Narathiwat). Genus POMATORHINUS Horsfield Pomatorhinus schisticeps ripponi Harington Pomatorhinus ripponi Harington, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 27, No. 163, Nov. 4, 1910, p. 9 (Shan States; type specimen from Pyaunggaung [lat. 23°00’ N., long. 96°28’ E.], Mongmit State, Northern Shan State, Burma fide Kinnear, in epistola). Range: Reported only from the northern portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Rai). Pomatorhinus schisticeps difficilis Deignan Pomatorhinus schisticeps difficilis Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soe. Washington, vol. 69, No. 36, Dec. 31, 1956, p. 208 (Doi Luang Chiang Dao [lat. 19°25’ N., long. 98°55’ E.], Chiang Mai Prov- ince, Thailand). Range: The western portion of the northern plateau (Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai, Lamphun, northern Tak). Pomatorhinus schisticeps humilis Delacour Pomatorhinus schisticeps humilis Delacour, L’Oiseau et la Revue Frangaise d’Ornithologie, nouv. sér., vol. 2, No. 3, July 10, 1932, p. 424 (Thateng [lat. 15°31’ N., long. 106°22’ E.], Saravane Province, Laos). Range: Reported from the eastern portion of the northern plateau (Nan) and provinces of the eastern plateau bordering the river Mae Khong (Loei). 140 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Pomatorhinus schisticeps klossi Stuart Baker Pomatorhinus nuchalis klosst Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 38, No. 227, Oct. 30, 1917, p. 9 (Ban Khlong Manao=Ban Huang Som [lat. 11°50’ N., long. 102°50’ E.], Trat Province, and “Ban Sam Khok,” error=Ban Si Racha [lat. 13°10’ N., long. 100°55’ E.], Chon Buri Province, Thailand). Range: Coastal areas of the southeastern provinces from Chon Buri to Trat. Pomatorhinus schisticeps clivaceus Blyth Plomatorhinus]. olivaceus Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 16, pt. 1, [not earlier than May] 1847, p. 451 (Ye, Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Pomatorhinus olivaceus siamensis Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 38, No. 227, Oct. 30, 1917, p. 9 (Sathani Map Am- marit [lat. 10°50’ N., long. 99°20’ E.], Chumphon Province, Thailand). Range: The southwestern and peninsular provinces from Kanchana- buri south to the Isthmus of Kra. Pomatorhinus schisticeps fastidiosus Hartert Pomatorhinus schisticeps fastidiosus Hartert, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 36, No. 216, May 25, 1916, p. 81 (Ban Khok Khan [lat. 7°34’ N., long. 99°38’ E.], Trang Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Trang. Pomatorhinus erythrogenys celatus Deignan Pomatorhinus erythrogenys celatus Deignan, Zoologica, vol. 26, pt. 3, Oct. 31, 1941, p. 241 (Doi Luang Chiang Dao [lat. 19°25’ N., long. 98°55’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from high mountains of the northwestern provinces (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai). Pomatorhinus hypoleucos tickelli Hume Pomatorhinus (. . . Orthorhinus) Tickelli Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 5, No. 1, April 1877, p. 32 (Mulayit Taung, Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Pomatorhinus ferruginosus albogularis Blyth Plomatorhinus]. albogularis Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 24, No. 3, [not earlier than April] 1855, p. 274 (Mulayit Taung, Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: Reported only from high mountains of the northwestern provinces (Chiang Mai). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 141 Pomatorhinus ochraceiceps ochraceiceps Walden Pomatorhinus ochraceiceps Walden, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 4, vol. 12, No. 72, December 1873, p. 487 (Karen Hills, Burma). Range: Evergreen forest of the northern plateau, on the West south to Tak. Pomatorhinus ochraceiceps alius Riley Pomatorhinus ochraceiceps alius Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washing- ton, vol. 53, No. 11, Apr. 19, 1940, p. 47 (Dran [lat. 11°49’ N., long. 108°38’ E.], Phanrang Province, Annam). Range: Reported only from tbe northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Genus KENOPIA G. R. Gray Kenopia striata (Blyth) T{imalia]. striata Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 11, pt. 2, No. 128, [not earlier than December] 1842, p. 793 (Singa- pore Island, Malaya). Range: Reported from the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Krabi, Trang). Genus NAPOTHERA G. R. Gray Napothera macrodactyla macrodactyla (Strickland) Malacopteron macrodactylum Strickland, Ann. Meg. Nat. Hist., vol. 13, No. 86, June 1844, p. 417 (Malacca). Turdinus macrodactylus bakeri Hachisuka, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 47, No. 309, Nov. 27, 1926, p. 54 (Sathani Lam Phura or Lam Phila [lat. 7°40’ N., long. 99°35’ E.], Trang Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Napothera crispifrons crispifrens (Blyth) Turdinus crispifrons Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 24, No. 3, [not earlier than April] 1855, p. 269 (‘mountainous in- terior of the Tenasserim provinces’; type specimen from Mulayit Taung, Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma, fide Sclater, Ibis, 1892, p. 76). Range: Reported from the northern plateau (Phrae) and the south- western provinces (southern Tak, Kanchanaburi). Napothera crispifrons calcicola Deignan Napothera crispifrons calcicola Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 29, No. 4, Apr. 15, 1939, p. 177 (Sathani Hin Lap flat. 14°40’ N., long. 101°10’ E.], Sara Buri Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the southwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Sara Buri). 142 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Napothera brevicaudata brevicaudata (Blyth) T{urdinus)|. brevicaudatus Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 24, No. 3, [not earlier than April] 1855, p. 272 (‘‘moun- tainous interior of the Tenasserim provinces”; type specimen from Mulayit Taung, Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma, fide Sclater, [bis, 1892, p. 76). Range: Reported only from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Lamphun, Lampang, Nan). Napothera brevicaudata griseigularis (Delacour and Jabouille) Corythocichla griseigularis Delacour and Jabouille, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 48, No. 325, July 10, 1928, p. 131 (Le Boe Kor flat. 10°37’ N., long. 104°03’ E.], Kampot Province, Cambodia). Corythocichla brevicaudata cognata Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash- ington, vol. 46, No. 32, Oct. 26, 1933, p. 156 (Khao Sa Bap flat. 12°35’ N., long. 102°15’ E.J], Chanthaburi Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the southeasternmost provinces (Chan- thaburi, Trat). Napothera brevicaudata leucosticta (Bowdler Sharpe) Corythocichla leucosticta Bowdler Sharpe, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lon- don, pt. 3, No. 29, Oct. 1, 1887, p. 438 (Larut Range [about lat. 4°48’ N., long. 100°45’ E.], Perak State, Malaya). Coruthocichla brevicaudata herberti Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 38, No. 227, Oct. 30, 1917, p. 10 (Sathani Thung Song flat. 8°10’ N., long. 99°40’ E.], Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra. Napothera epilepidota davisoni (Ogilvie-Grant) Turdinulus davisoni Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 25, No. 160, May 12, 1910, p. 97 (Thaungya Sakan and Mulayit Taung, Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Lower Burma). Range: Reported only from the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Nan). Napothera epilepidota granti (Richmond) Turdinulus granti Richmond, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 22, No. 1201, May 12, 1900, p. 320 (Khao Soi Dao [lat. 7°20’ N., long. 99°50’ E.], Trang Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 143 Genus MICROURA Gould Microura pusilla pusilla (Hodgson) [Pnoepyga] pusillus [sic] Hodgson, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 13, No. 146, August 1845, p. 25 ([Nepal]). Range: Reported from mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Microura pusilla harterti (Robinson and Boden Kloss) Pnoepyga pusilla . . . harterti Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Federated Malay States Mus., vol. 8, pt. 2, December 1918, p. 205 (Gunong Ijau, Perak State, Malaya). Range: Mountains of the peninsular provinces south of the Isth- mus of Kra (Surat Thani). Genus STACHYRIS Hodgson Stachyris rufifrons rufifrons Hume Stachyris rufifrons Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 1, No. 6, December 1873, p. 479 (‘on the dry western slopes of the Pegu Hills,” Lower Burma). Range: Reported from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai) and the southwestern provinces (Kanchanaburi). Stachyris rufifrons obscura (Stuart Baker) Stachyridopsis rufifrons obscura Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 38, No. 227, Oct. 30, 1917, p. 10 (Khlong Bang Lai, a stream near Sathani Map Ammarit [lat. 10°50’ N., long. 99°20’ E.], Chumphon Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the central peninsular provinces (Chum- phon, Surat Thani). Stachyris ambigua adjuncta Deignan Stachyris rufifrons adjuncta Deignan, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Zool. Ser., vol. 24, No. 10, Sept. 19, 1939, p. 110 (Phong Saly [lat. 21°42’ N., long. 102°07’ E.], Laos). Range: The northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Phrae) and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loe1). Stachyris rodolphei Deignan Stachyris rodolphei Deignan, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Zool. Ser., vol. 24, No. 10, Sept. 19, 1939, p. 110 (Doi Luang Chiang Dao [lat. 19°25’ N., long. 98°55’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thai- land). Range: Reported only from high mountains of the northwestern provinces (Chiang Mai). 144 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Stachyris chrysaea aurata Meyer de Schauensee Stachyris chrysaea aurata Meyer de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 90, June 11, 1938, p. 29 (Doi Pha Hom Pok [lat. 20°05’ N., long. 99°10’ E.], Chaiya Prakan Province, Thailand). Range: The northernmost provinces of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chaiya Prakan). Stachyris chrysaea assimilis Walden S[trachyrhis]. assmilis [sic] Walden, in Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 48, pt. 2, extra No., 1875, p. 116 (Karenni State, Burma). Range: Reported from the northern plateau (excepting areas in- habited by the preceding form), on the West south to Tak. Stachyris chrysaea chrysops Richmond Stachyris chrysops Richmond, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 15, No. 29, June 25, 1902, p. 157 (Khao Nam Pliu [lat. 7°35’ N., long. 99°50’ E.], Trang Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Surat Thani, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Trang). Stachyris nigriceps spadix Ripley Stachyris nigriceps spadiz Ripley, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 68, No. 4, Mar. 17, 1948, p. 89 (Laisung, United District of Mikir and North Cachar Hills, Assam State, India). Range: Reported only from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Lamphun). Stachyris nigriceps yunnanensis La Touche Stachyris nigriceps yunnanensis La Touche, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 42, No. 262, Oct. 29, 1921, p. 18 (Hokow [lat. 23°15’ N., long. 103°39’ E.], Yunnan Province, China). Range: Reported from the eastern portion of the northern plateau (Nan, Uttaradit). Stachyris nigriceps dipora Oberholser Strachyris nigriceps dipora Oberholser, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 74, No. 2, Sept. 27, 1922, p. 7 (Khao Soi Dao [lat. 7°20’ N., long. 99°50’ E.], Trang Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to Trang. Stachyris nigriceps davisoni Bowdler Sharpe Stachyris davisoni Bowdler Sharpe, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 1, No. 2, Nov. 1, 1892, p. vii (Gunong Tahan, Pahang State, Malaya). Range: Reported only from the southernmost peninsular provinces (Pattani, Yala, Narathiwat). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 145 Stachyris poliocephala (Temminck) Timalia poliocephala Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 100,] vol. 2, 1836, pl. 593, fig. 2, and text (‘A Sumatra et 4 Bornéo”’; type locality restricted to Benkulen [lat. 3°47’ S., long. 102°15’ E.], Sumatra, by Boden Kloss, Treubia, vol. 13, livr. 3-4, 1931, p. 348). Range: The peninsular provinces from Surat Thani south to Trang. Stachyris striolata helenae Delacour and Greenway Stachyris striolata helene Delacour and Greenway, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 59, No. 423, June 17, 1939, p. 130 (Ban Nam Khuang [lat. 20°24’ N., long. 110°14’ E.], Haut-Mékong Prov- ince, Laos). Range: Reported only from the eastern portion of the northern plateau (Nan). Stachyris striolata guttata (Blyth) Turdinus guttatus ‘Tickell”’ Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 28, No. 4, 1859, p. 414 (‘‘mountainous interior of the Tenasserim provinces’; type specimen from ‘‘Woods near Theethoungplee. 3000 ft.,’”’ Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma, fide Tickell, ibid., No. 5, 1860, p. 450). Range: Reported only from the northwestern provinces (Tak). Stachyris striolata nigrescentior Deignan Stachyris striolata nigrescentior Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 37, No. 3, Mar. 15, 1947, p. 104 (Khao Nok Ra [lat. 7°25’ N., long. 99°55’ E.J, Trang Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Trang. Stachyris maculata maculata (Temminck) Timalia maculata Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 100,] vol. 2, 1836, pl. 594, fig. 2, and text (Borneo and Sumatra; type locality restricted to Borneo, by Robinson and Boden Kloss, The Ibis, 1918, p. 588). Range: Reported only from the southwestern peninsular provinces (Krabi, Trang). Stachyris leucotis leucotis (Strickland) Timalia leucotis Strickland, in Jardine, Contributions to orni- thology, for 1848, pt. 2, 1848, p. 63, pl. 12 (Malacca). Range: Reported only from the southwestern peninsular provinces (Trang). 146 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Stachyris nigricollis (Temminck) Timalia nigricollis Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 100,] vol. 2, 1836, pl. 594, fig. 2, and text (Borneo). Range: The peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Nakhon Si Thammarat, Krabi, Trang, Pattani, Narathiwat). Stachyris erythroptera erythroptera (Blyth) T{imalia]. erythroptera Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 11, pt. 2, No. 128, [not earlier than December] 1842, p. 794 (Singa- pore Island, Malaya). Cyanoderma erythropterum sordida [sic] Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 38, No. 227, Oct. 30, 1917, p. 10 (Khlong Wang Hip, a stream near Sathani Thung Song [lat. 8°10’ N., long. 99°40’ E.], Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, and Sathani Map Ammarit [lat. 10°50’ N., long. 99°20’ E.], Chumphon Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus MACRONOUS Jardine and Selby Macronous gularis lutescens (Delacour) Mizxornis rubricapilla lutescens Delacour, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 47, No. 308, Nov. 6, 1926, p. 18 (Bao Ha [lat. 22°10’ N.., long. 104°21’ E.], Yenbay Province, Tongking). Range: The northern portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Phayao) and provinces of the eastern plateau bordering the river Mae Khong from Loei to Ubon. Macronous gularis sulphureus (Rippon) Stachyridopsis sulphurea Rippon, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 11, No. 74, Oct. 27, 1900, p. 11 (Nammehet [lat. 20°26’ N., long. 97°28’ E.], Mawkmai State, Southern Shan State, Upper Burma). Mizornis gularis minor Gyldenstolpe, Kung]. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl., band 56, No. 2, Oct. 19, 1916, p. 60 (Sathani Pha Kho flat. 18°15’ N., long. 99°55’ E.], Phrae Province, Thailand). Range: The northern plateau (excepting areas inhabited by the preceding form) and the western provinces south to Kanchanaburi. Macronous gularis saraburiensis Deignan Macronus gularis saraburiensis Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash- ington, vol. 69, No. 36, Dec. 31, 1956, p. 209 (Sathani Hin Lap [lat. 14°40’ N., long. 101°10’ E.], Sara Buri Province, Thailand). Range: The southwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Sara Buri, Nakhon Ratchasima, Nakhon Nayok, Prachin Buri). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 147 Macronous gularis connectens (Boden Kloss) Mixornis rubricapilla connecteus [sic] Boden Kloss, Ibis, ser. 10, vol. 6, No. 2, Apr. 9, 1918, p. 207 (‘‘about Lat. 10° N. [Malay Peninsula]’’). Mixornis gularis deignani Meyer de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 98, May 17, 1946, p. 67 (Khao Luang [lat. 11°40’ N., long. 99°35’ E.], Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Thailand). Range: The coastal areas of the southeastern provinces, the south- ern portion of the central plains, and the southwestern and peninsular provinces from Rat Buri to the Isthmus of Kra. Macronous gularis inveteratus (Oberholser) Mixornis gularis inveterata Oberholser, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 74, No. 2, Sept. 27, 1922, p. 5 (Ko Kut [lat. 11°40’ N., long. 102°35’ E.], Trat Province, Thailand). Range: Islets off the coast of the southeastern provinces (Ko Kut, Ko Chang). Macronous gularis chersonesophilus (Oberholser) Mizornis gularis chersonesophila Oberholser, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 74, No. 2, Sept. 27, 1922, p. 3 (Trang Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the vicinity of the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Macronous ptilosus ptilosus Jardine and Selby Macronous ptilosus Jardine and Selby, Illustrations of orni- thology, vol. 3, pt. 10, December 1835, pl. 150 and text (‘“‘we purchased the skin with a collection of about fifty birds, said to be brought from the islands of Java and Sumatra’’; type locality inferentially restricted to “the Malay Peninsula and Sumatra,’ by Hartert, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 36, 1915, p. 36, and inferentially further restricted to Malacca, by Chasen, A handlist of Malaysian birds, 1935, p. 227). Range: The peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra from Surat Thani to the extreme South. Genus TIMALIA Horsfield Timalia pileata smithi Deignan Timalia pileata smithi Deignan, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 75, No. 9, Dec. 1, 1955, p. 129 (King Chiang Saen [lat. 20°15’ N., long. 100°05’ E.], Chiang Rai Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Rai, Phayao). 148 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Timalia pileata dictator Kinnear Timelia [sic] pileata dictator Kinnear, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 50, No. 339, Mar. 5, 1930, p. 55 (Dran [lat. 11°49’ N., long. 108°38’ E.], Phanrang Province, Annam). Range: Reported from the eastern plateau and the southeastern provinces (Chon Buri). Timalia pileata patriciae Deignan Timalia pileata patriciae Deignan, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 75, No. 9, Dec. 1, 1955, p. 129 (Ban Khlong Khlung [lat. 16°10’ N., long. 99°45’ E.], Kamphaeng Phet Province, Thailand). Range: The western portion of the central plains from Kamphaeng Phet south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Timalia pileata intermedia Kinnear Timalia pileata intermedia Kinnear, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 45, No. 290, Oct. 29, 1924, p. 9. New name for Timaha pileata jerdoni ‘‘Walden” Stuart Baker, The Fauna of British India, Birds, ed. 2, vol. 1, 1922, p. 227 (Pegu; type locality restricted to Toungoo, Toungoo District, Pegu Division, Burma, by Kinnear, loc. cit.), not Timalia Jerdont Walden, 1872. Range: Reported only from the southwestern provinces (Kan- chanaburi). Genus CHRYSOMMA Blyth Chrysomma sinense sinense (Gmelin) [Parus] sinensis Gmelin, Caroli a Linné . . . Systema naturae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 2, 1789, p. 1012 (‘‘in Sina’’; type locality restricted to Kwangtung Province, by Stresemann and Hein- rich, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, band 24, 1940, p. 205). Range: The northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai) and the western portion of the central plains (Nakhon Sawan). Genus GARRULAX Lesson Garrulax monilegerus stuarti Meyer de Schauensee Garrulax moniliger bakeri Meyer de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 87, Nov. 21, 1935, p. 409 (Nong Ho, a pond near Muang Chiang Mai [lat. 18°45’ N., long. 99°00’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Garrulax moniliger stuarti Meyer de Schauensee, Auk, vol. 72, No. 1, Feb. 28, 1955, p. 92. New name for Garrulax moni- liger bakeri Meyer de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila- delphia, vol. 87, Nov. 21, 1935, p. 409 (Nong Ho, near Muang Chiang Mai, Chiang Mai Province, Thailand), not Trochalop- teron phaeniceum bakert Hartert, 1909. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 149 Range: The western portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Lamphun). Garrulax monilegerus schauenseei Delacour and Greenway Garrulaz moniliger schauenseei Delacour and Greenway, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 59, No. 423, June 17, 1939, p. 1382 (Chiang Khwang [lat. 19°19’ N., long. 103°22’ E.], Chiang Khwang Province, Laos). Range: The eastern portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Phrae, Nan) and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Garrulax monilegerus mouhoti Bowdler Sharpe Garrulaz mouhoti Bowdler Sharpe, Catalogue of the birds in the British Museum, vol. 7, 1883, pp. 434 [in key], 444 (Cambodia). Garrulax moniliger [sic] leucotis Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 38, No. 227, Oct. 30, 1917, p. 8 (Ban Kabin Buri flat. 14°00’ N., long. 101°45’ E.], Prachin Buri Province, Thailand). Range: The southwestern portion of the eastern plateau and the southeastern provinces. Garrulax monilegerus fuscatus Stuart Baker Garrulaz moniliger [sic] fuscata [sic] Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 38, No. 233, Apr. 30, 1918, p. 64 (Tavoy District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: The southwestern provinces from southern Tak to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Garrulax pectoralis subfusus Kinnear Garrulaz pectoralis meridionalis Robinson and Boden Kloss, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 40. No. 245, Dec. 8, 1919, p. 11 (Hat Sanuk [about lat. 11°47’ N., long. 99°38’ E.], Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Thailand). Not Trochalopterum meridionale Blan- ford, 1880. Garrulax pectoralis subfusa [sic] Kinnear, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 44, No. 289, July 7, 1924, p. 103 (Mitan, Amherst District, Tennasserim Division, Burma). Range: The western provinces from Chiang Rai south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Garrulax leucolophus diardi (Lesson) Turdus Diardi Lesson, Traité d’ornithologie, livr. 6, February 1831, p. 408 (‘la Cochinchine’’). [Garrulax] leucogaster Walden, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, for 1866, pt. 3, April 1867, p. 549 (“some part of Siam’’; type specimen from Cambodia, fide Macdonald, in Meyer de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 98, 1946, p. 61). 150 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Garrulazx leucolophus peninsulae Meyer de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 98, May 17, 1946, p. 60 (Khao Luang [lat. 11°40’ N., long. 99°35’ E.], Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Thailand). Garrulaz leucolophus peninsularis Meyer de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 98, July 10, 1946, p. 122. New name for Garrulaxr leucolophus peninsulae Meyer de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 98, May 17, 1946, p. 60 (Khao Luang, Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Thailand), not Trochalopterum peninsule Bowdler Sharpe, 1887. Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, and the southwestern provinces (excepting areas inhabited by the following race) south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Garrulax leucolophus bélangeri Lesson Garrulax Belangeri Lesson, in Bélanger, Voyage aux Indes- Orientales, . . . Zoologie, pt. 4, August 1832, p. 258, Atlas, Oiseaux, pl. 4 (Pegu Division, Lower Burma). Range: Reported only from the southwestern provinces (southern Tak, Kanchanaburi). Garrulax strepitans strepitans Blyth Garrulax strepitans ‘‘Tickell” Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 24, No. 3, [not earlier than April] 1855, p. 268 (“the mountainous interior of the Tenasserim provinces,’ Lower Burma). Range: Mountain forests of the western provinces from Chiang Rai south to Kanchanaburi. Garrulax strepitans ferrarius Riley Garrulaz ferrarius Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 43, No. 31, Nov. 29, 1930, p. 190 (Khao Kuap [lat. 12°25’ N., long. 102°50’ E.], Trat Province, Thaliand). Range: Reported only from the extreme southeastern provinces (Trat). Garrulax chinensis lochmius Deignan Garrulaz chinensis lochmius Deignan, Zoologica, vol. 26, pt. 3, Oct. 31, 1941, p. 241 (King Chiang Saen [lat. 20°15’ N., long. 100°05’ E.], Chiang Rai Province, Thailand). Range: The northern plateau, on the West south to Tak, and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 151 Garrulax chinensis propinquus (Salvadori) Dryonastes propinquus Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, ser. 3, vol. 6, 1915, p. 6 (“‘presso Thagata, a sud-ovest del Mooleyit,’”” Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Lower Burma). Range: Reported only from the southwestern provinces (southern Tak, Kanchanaburi, Rat Buri). Garrulax merulinus laoensis Meyer de Schauensee Garrulaz (Stactocichla) merulinus laocensis Meyer de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 90, June 11, 19388, p. 27 (Doi Pha Hom Pok [lat. 20°05’ N., long. 99°10’ E.], Chaiya Prakan Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the northwestern portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan). Garrulax erythrocephalus schistaceus Deignan Garrulax erythrocephalus schistaceus Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 51, No. 21, May 19, 1938, p. 89 (Doi Luang Chiang Dao [lat. 19°25’ N., long. 98°55’ E.J, Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the high mountains of Chaiya Prakan and northern Chiang Mai. Garrulax erythrocephalus melanostigma Blyth Glarrulaz]. melanostigma Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 24, No. 3, [not earlier than April] 1855, p. 268 (Mulayit Taung, Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: Reported only from the high mountains of southern Chiang Mai. Garrulax erythrocephalus subconnectens Deignan Garrulaa erythrocephalus subconnectens Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 51, No. 21, May 19, 1938, p. 90 (Doi Phu Kha [lat. 19°05’ N., long. 101°05’ E.], Nan Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the eastern portion of the northern plateau (Nan). Garrulax erythrocephalus peninsulae (Bowdler Sharpe) Trochalopterum peninsule Bowlder Sharpe, Proc. Zool. Soe. London, pt. 3, No. 29, Oct. 1, 1887, p. 436, pl. 37 (Larut Range, Perak State, Malaya). Range: Reported only from the high mountains of the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Surat Thani, Nakhon Si Thammarat). 546—-019—63——11 152 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Garrulax milnei sharpei (Rippon) Trochalopterum sharpei Rippon, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 12, No. 82, Oct. 30, 1901, p. 13 (‘the Kauri-Kachin tract, to the east of Bhamo, and bordering on the south of the Tapeng River,’ Bhamo District, Kachin State, Upper Burma). Range: Reported only from mountains of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai). Genus LIOCICHLA Swinhoe Liocichla ripponi (Oates) Trochalopterum rippont Oates, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 11, No. 74, Oct. 27, 1900, p. 10 (Shan States, Burma). Range: Reported only from mountains of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai). Genus LEIOTHRIX Swainson Leiothrix argentauris galbana (Mayr and Greenway) Mesia argentauris galbana Mayr and Greenway, Proc. New Eng- land Zoél. Club, vol. 17, Mar. 24, 1938, p. 3 (Doi Ang Ka [lat. 18°35’ N., long. 98°30’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: Mountains of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Nan). Leiothrix argentauris tahanensis (Yen) Mesia argentauris tahanensis ‘‘Robinson” Yen, Science Journal [College of Science, Sun Yatsen University, Canton, China], vol. 6, No. 2, December 1934, pp. 378 [in key], 379 (Gunong Tahan [lat. 4°38’ N., long. 102°14’ E.], Pahang State, Malaya). Range: Mountains of the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Surat Thani, Nakhon Si Thammarat). Genus CUTIA Hodgson Cutia nipalensis melanchima Deignan Cutia nipalensis melanchima Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 37, No. 3, Mar. 15, 1947, p. 105 (Khao Pha Cho [lat. 19°00’ N., long. 99°25’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: Mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai). Genus PTERUTHIUS Swainson Pteruthius flaviscapis aeralatus Blyth Pteruthius eralatus ‘Tickell” Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 24, No. 3, [not earlier than April] 1855, p. 267 (‘‘moun- tainous interior of the Tenasserim provinces,’”’ Lower Burma). Range: Mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 153 Pteruthius flaviscapis ricketti Ogilvie-Grant Pterythius [sic] ricketti Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 14, No. 108, June 25, 1904, p. 92 (Kuatun, Fukien Province, and Chingtung, southern Yunnan Province, China). Range: Reported only from the eastern portion of the northern plateau (Nan). Pteruthius flaviscapis schauenseei Deignan Pteruthius erythropterus schauenseet Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 36, No. 12, Dec. 31, 1946, p. 428 (Khao Luang [lat. 8°30’ N., long. 99°45’ E.], Nakhon Si Thammarat Prov- ince, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Surat Thani, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Trang). Pteruthius melanotis melanotis Hodgson Ptleruthius]. melanotis Hodgson, in Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 16, pt. 1, [not earlier than May] 1847, p. 448 (‘The Terai, at the base of the S. E. Himalaya’’; type specimen from Nepal, fide Gadow, Catalogue of the birds in the British Museum, vol. 8, 1883, p. 118). Range: Reported only from the eastern portion of the northern plateau (Nan). Pteruthius aenobarbus intermedius (Hume) Allotrius intermedius Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 5, No. 2, June 1877, pp. 112, 115 (“Central Tenasserim Hills’’; type specimen from Mulayit Taung, fide Hume, in Hume and Davison, ibid., vol. 6, 1878, p. 370). Range: Mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Lamphun). Genus GAMPSORHYNCHUS Blyth Gampsorhynchus rufulus torquatus Hume Gampsorhynchus torquatus Hume, Proc. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, No. 5, [not earlier than May] 1874, p. 107 (no locality given; type specimen from ‘‘the banks of the Younzaleen below the Pine forests in the Salween district,’ Tenasserim Division, Lower Burma, fide Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 2, 1874, p. 446). Range: The northern plateau (excepting Chiang Rai and Phayao), the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei, Phetchabun), and the western provinces south to Kanchanaburi. 154 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Genus ACTINODURA Gould Actinodura ramsayi ramsayi (Walden) Actinura Ramsayi Walden, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 4, vol. 15, No. 90, June 1875, p. 402 (Karenni; type specimen from Kyebogyi [lat. 19°21’ N., long. 97°14’ E.], Karenni State, Upper Burma, fide Wardlaw Ramsay, in The ornithological works of Arthur, Ninth Marquis of Tweeddale, 1881, p. 415, footnote). Range: High mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai). Genus MINLA Hodgson Minla strigula castanicauda (Hume) Siva castanicauda Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 5, No. 2, June 1877, p. 100 (Mulayit Taung [lat. 16°11’ N., long. 98°32’ E.], Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: High mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Minla cyanouroptera sordida (Hume) Siva sordida Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 5, No. 2, June 1877, p. 104 (Mulayit Taung, Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: Mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai). Minla cyanouroptera wingatei (Ogilvie-Grant) Siva wingatei Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 10, No. 68, Jan. 31, 1900, p. xxxvili (near Kunming, Yunnan Province, China). Range: Reported from mountains of the northeastern portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Nan). Minla cyanouroptera sordidior (Bowdler Sharpe) Siva sordidior Bowdler Sharpe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 3, No. 19, Oct. 1, 1888, p. 276 (Batang Padang Mountains, Perak State, Malaya). Range: Mountains of the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Surat Thani, Nakhon Si Thammarat). Genus YUHINA Hodgson Yuhina castaniceps striata (Blyth) Ixulus striatus Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 28, No. 4, 1859, p. 413 (‘mountainous interior of the Tenasserim prov- inces”’; type specimen from ‘‘Near Teethoungplee, 3000 feet,” THE BIRDS OF THAILAND P55 Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma, jide Tickell, ibid., p. 452). Range: The northwestern provinces from Chaiya Prakan south to Tak. Yuhina castaniceps torqueola Swinhoe Siva torqueola Swinhoe, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 4, vol. 5, No. 27, March 1870, p. 174 (Tingchow Mountains, Fukien Prov- ince, China). Range: Reported only from the eastern portion of the northern plateau (Nan). Yuhina flavicollis rogersi Deignan Yuhina flavieollis rogersi Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 50) No; 59; Dec! 28;71937, p. 217° Mor Phu‘ Kha flat. 19°05’ N., long. 101°05’ E.], Nan Province, Thailand). Range: Mountains of the eastern portion of the northern plateau (Nan). Yuhina zantholeuca zaniholeuca (Hodgson) Erplornis]. zantholeuca Hodgson, in Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 13, pt. 1, No. 149, [not earlier than November] 1844, p. 380 (Nepal). Range: The western provinces from Chaiya Prakan south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Yuhina zantholeuca tyrannulus (Swinhoe) Herpornis tyrannulus Swinhoe, Ibis, ser. 2, vol. 6, No. 23, July 1870, p. 347, pl. 10 (central Hainan). Range: The eastern portion of the northern plateau (Phrae, Nan) and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Yuhina zantholeuca sordida (Robinson and Boden Kloss) Herpornis xantholeuca sordida Robinson and Boden Kloss, Ibis, ser. 11, vol. 1, No. 4, Oct. 23, 1919, p. 588 (Da Ban [lat. 12°38’ N., long. 109°06’ E.j, Phanrang Province, Annam). Range: Reported only from the easternmost portion of the eastern plateau (Ubon). Yuhina zanthcleuca canescens (Delacour and Jabouille) Erpornis xantholeuca canescens Delacour and Jabouille, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 48, No. 325, July 10, 1928, p. 1382 (Le Boe Kor [lat. 10°37’ N., long. 104°03’ E.], Kampot Province, Cambodia). Range: The southwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Sara Buri, Nakhon Ratchasima, Prachin Buri) and the southeastern provinces (Chon Buri, Rayong, Chanthaburi, Trat). 156 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Yuhina zantholeuca interposita (Hartert) Herpornis xantholeuca interposita Hartert, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 38, No. 228, Dec. 4, 1917, p. 20 (Temengor [lat. 5°19’ N., long. 101°24’ E.], Perak State, Malaya). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus ALCIPPE Blyth Alcippe castaneceps castaneceps (Hodgson) [Minla] Castaneceps Hodgson, The India Review and Journal of Foreign Science and the Arts, vol. 2, No. 1, April 1837, p. 33 ([Nepal]) ; type locality restricted to the Chandragiri Pass, near Katmandu, by Ripley, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. 49, No. 3, December 1950, p. 397). Range: Mountains of the northwestern provinces from Chaiya Prakan south to Tak. Alcippe castaneceps exul Delacour Alcippe castaneiceps exul Delacour, L’Oiseau et la Revue fran- caise d’Ornithologie, nouv. sér., vol. 2, No. 3, July 10, 1932, p. 427 (Phu Kang Ntoul [about lat. 15°23’ N., long. 106°25’ E.], Saravane Province, Laos). Range: Reported only from the eastern portion of the northern plateau (Nan). Alcippe rufogularis major (Stuart Baker) Scheniparus rufigularis major Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 41, No. 253, Nov. 9, 1920, p. 11 (Ban Pak Mat [lat. 18°52’ N., long. 101°51’ E.], Luang Phrabang Province, Laos). Range: Reported from the eastern portion of the northern plateau (Nan) and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Alcippe rufogularis khmerensis (Meyer de Schauensee) Schoeniparus rufogularis khmerensis Meyer de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 90, June 11, 1938, p. 27 (Ban Bang Phra [lat. 12°15’ N., long. 102°30’ E.], Trat Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the southeastern provinces (Chantha- buri, Trat). Alcippe brunneicauda brunneicauda (Salvadori) Hyloterpe brunneicauda Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, vol. 14, Apr. 22, 1879, p. 210 (“Ayer Manchor,” a waterfall at 10 kilometres from Padang Panjang [lat. 0°29’ S., long. 100°22’ E.] on the road to the Padang Highlands, Su- matra). Range: The peninsular provinces from Nakhon Si Thammarat and Krabi to the extreme South. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND EST Alcippe poiocicephala haringtoniae Hartert Alcippe haringtonie Hartert, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 25, No. 154, Nov. 4, 1909, p. 10 (Bhamo [lat. 24°15’ N., long. 97°14’ E.], Kachin State, Upper Burma). Range: The northwestern provinces from Chiang Rai south to north- ern Tak. Alcippe poioicephala alearis (Bangs and Van Tyne) Alcippornis poiocephala alearis Bangs and Van Tyne, Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Zool. Ser., vol. 18, No.1, Apr. 9, 1930, p. 4 (Muang Mun [lat. 21°42’ N., long. 103°21’ E.], Laichau Prov- ince, Tongking). Range: The eastern portion of the northern plateau (Nan, Uttaradit) and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Alcippe poioicephala karenni Robinson and Boden Kloss Alcippe phxocephala karenni Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. and Proce. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, new ser., vol. 18, No. 10, Nov. 30, 1923, p. 563. New name for Alcippe magnirostris Walden, in Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 43, pt. 2, extra No., 1875, p. 115 (Karenni State, Upper Burma), not Alcippe magniros- tris Moore, 1854. Range: Evergreen forests of the southwestern provinces from southern Tak south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Alcippe poioicephala davisoni Harington Alcippe phxocephala davisoni Harington, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. 23, No. 3, Feb. 2, 1915, pp. 447 [in key], 453 (“Tavoy, Mergui and to the south . . .”; type locality here restricted to the Mergui District, Tenasserim Division, Lower Burma). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Trang. Alcippe peracensis eremita Riley Alcippe nipalensis eremita Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 49, No. 5, Mar. 9, 1936, p. 25 (Khao Saming [lat. 12°21’ N., long. 102°27’ E.], Trat Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the southeastern provinces (Chantha- buri, Trat). Alcippe morrisonia fraterculus Rippon Alcippe fratercula [sic] Rippon, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 11, No. 74, Oct. 27, 1900, p. 11 (Southern Shan State, Upper Burma). Range: Reported only from mountains of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Lamphun, Nan). 158 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Genus HE'TEROPHASIA Blyth Heterophasia annectens mixta Deignan Heterophasia annectens mizta Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash- ington, vol. 61, No. 2, Mar. 4, 1948, p. 15 (Doi Pha Hom Pok flat. 20°05’ N., long. 99°10’ E.], Chaiya Prakan Province, Thailand). Range: Mountains of the northwesternmost provinces (Chaiya Prakan). Heterophasia annectens saturata (Walden) Lieioptila]. saturata Walden, in Wardlaw Ramsay, Ibis, ser. 3, vol. 5, No. 19, July 1875, p. 352, footnote (Karenni State, Burma). Range: Mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (excepting Chaiya Prakan). Heterophasia melanoleuca melanoleuca (Blyth) Sibia melanoleuca ‘Tickell” Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 28, No. 4, 1859, p. 413 (‘‘mountainous interior of the Tenasserim provinces’; type specimen from Mulayit Taung flat. 16°11’ N., long. 98°32’ E.], Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma, fide Tickell, ibid., p. 451). Leioptila melanoleuca laeta Meyer de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 81, Aug. 12, 1929, p. 470 (Doi Suthep [lat. 18°50’ N., long. 98°55’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: Mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai). Heterophasia picaoides cana (Riley) Sibia picaoides cana Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 42, No. 16, May 29, 1929, p. 166 (Doi Ang Ka [lat. 18°35’ N.., long. 98°30’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: Reported from mountains of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Nan). Subfamily ORTHON Y CHINAE Genus KEUPETES Temminck Eupetes macrocerus macrocerus Temminck Hupetes macrocerus Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nou- veau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 87,] vol. 2, January 1831, pl. 516 and text (Padang flat. 0°58’ S., long. 100°21’ E.], Sumatra). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 159 Eupetes macrocercus [sic] griseiventris Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 38, No. 227, Oct. 30, 1917, p. 8 (Sathani Thung Song [lat. 8°10’ N., long. 99°40’ E.], Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Surat Thani, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Trang). Subfamily PARADOXORNITHINAE Paradoxornis nipalensis feae (Salvadori) Suthora Feae Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, ser. 2, vol. 7, July 1, 1889, p. 363 (‘nei Monti Carin,” Burma). Range: Reported from mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Paradoxornis davidianus thempsoni (Bingham) Suthora thompson Bingham, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 13, No. 97, Apr. 29, 1903, p. 63 (“. . . north-east of Kyatpyin village near the Paunglaung stream,” Loilong State, Southern Shan State, Burma). Range: Reported only from the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Paradoxornis gularis transfluvialis (Hartert) Scxorhynchus gularis transfluvialis Hartert, Nov. Zool., vol. 7, No. 3, Dec. 8, 1900, p. 548 (Guilang, United District of Mikir and North Cachar Hills, Assam State, India). Range: The western portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Tak). Paradoxornis gularis laotianus (Delacour) Psittiparus gularis laotianus Delacour, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 47, No. 308, Nov. 6, 1926, p. 19 (Chiang Khwang [lat. 19°19’ N., long. 103°22’ E.], Chiang Khwang Province, Laos). Range: The eastern portion of the northern plateau (mountains of the Khun Tan Range). Paradoxornis guttaticollis David Paradoxornis guttaticollis David, Nouv. Arch. Mus. [Paris], tome 7, Bull., [not earlier than Nov. 4,] 1871, pp. 8 [nomen nudum], 14 (‘Setchuan-Moupin,” China; type specimen from ‘‘le Setch- uan occidental,” fide David, in David and Oustalet, Les oiseaux de la Chine, 1877, p. 204). Range: Reported only from the northwestern portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan). 160 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Subfamily TURDINAE Genus BRACHYPTERYX Horsfield Brachypteryx leucophrys carolinae La Touche Brachypteryx caroline La Touche, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 8, No. 56, Oct. 31, 1898, p. ix (Kuatung, Fukien Province, China). Heterozenicus nangka Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 45, No. 15, Apr. 2, 1932, p. 59 (Ban Mae Ton [lat. 18°55’ N., long. 99°15’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: Evergreen forests of the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Brachypteryx leucophrys wrayi Ogilvie-Grant Brachypteryx wrayt Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 19, No. 127, Oct. 29, 1906, p. 10 (Gunong Batu Puteh, Perak State, and Gunong Tahan [lat. 4°38’ N., long. 102°14’ E.], Pahang State, Malaya). Range: Mountains of the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Surat Thani, Nakhon Si Thammarat). Brachypteryx montana cruralis (Blyth) Calliope (? Gould) cruralis Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 12, pt. 2, No. 148, [not earlier than December?] 1843, pp. 929, 933 (Darjeeling, Darjeeling District, Bengal State, India [type specimen from Sikkim, fide Finn, List of the birds in the Indian Museum, 1901, p. 69]). Range: Reported only from high mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (summit of Doi Ang Ka [lat. 18°35’ N., long. 98°30’ E.]). Genus ERITHACUS Cuvier Erithacus calliope calliope (Pallas) Motacilla Calliope Pallas, Reise durch verschiedene Provinzen des russischen Reichs, vol. 3, 1776, pp. 261, 325, 697 (“. .. a Tenisea vsque ad Lenam,” Russian SFSR). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the central plains, and the western provinces south to Kanchanaburi. Erithacus pectoralis tschebaiewi (Przevalski) Calliope tschebaiewi Przevalski, Mongol i Strana Tangut, vol. 2, 1876, p. 44, pl. 9, fig. 1 (Kansu Province, China). Range: A visitor from central Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the central plains (Bangkok). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 161 Erithacus svecicus svecicus (Linnaeus) [Motacilla] svecica Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 187 (‘an Europe alpinis’’; type locality restricted to “Schweden und Lappland,” by Hartert, Die Vogel der palaiark- tischen Fauna, heft 6, 1910, p. 745, ex Fauna Svecica). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus and the central plains. Erithacus cyane cyane (Pallas) Motacilla Cyane Pallas, Reise durch verschiedene Provinzen des russischen Reichs, vol 3, 1776, pp. 220 (footnote), 697 me Dauurie extremis campis inter Ononem et Argunum ... ,’ Russian SFSR). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Trang. Genus TARSIGER Hodgson Tarsiger cyanurus ussuriensis Stegmann Tarsiger cyanurus ussuriensis “Sushk. (in litt.)’’ Stegmann, Ezhegodnik Zoologicheskovo Muzefa, Akademifé Nauk SSSR [Annuaire du Musée Zoologique, Académie des Sciences de VU.R.S.S.], vol. 29, 1929, p. 229 (Ussuriland and Manchuria). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Tarsiger cyanurus rufilatus (Hodgson) Nlemura]. rufilatus Hodgson, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 13, No. 146, August 1845, p. 27 ([Nepal]). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai). Genus COPSYCHUS Wagler Copsychus saularis saularis Linnaeus [Gracula] Saularis Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 109 (Asia; type locality restricted to Bengal State, India, by Hartert, Nov. Zool., vol. 9, 1902, p. 571, ex Edwards). Range: The northwestern provinces from Chiang Rai south to Tak. Copsychus saularis erimelas Oberholser Copsychus saularis erimelas Oberholser, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 76, No. 6, July 16, 1923, p. 1 (Kawkareik [lat. 16°35’ N., long. 98°15’ E.], Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). 162 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Range: The eastern portion of the northern plateau (Phrae, Nan, Uttaradit), the eastern plateau, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the southwestern provinces from south- ern Tak to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Copsychus saularis musicus (Raffles) Lanius musicus Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 2, [not earlier than November] 1822, p. 307 (Sumatra; type locality restricted to Benkulen [lat. 3°47’ S., long. 102°15’ E.], by Kinnear and Robinson, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 47, No. 315, 1927, p. 130). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Copsychus malabaricus indicus (Stuart Baker) kuittacincla macroura indica Stuart Baker, Fauna of British India, Birds, ed. 2, vol. 2, May 7, 1924, pp. x [nomen nudum!], 117 fin key], 118 (The Duars, Assam State, India). Range: The northwestern provinces from Chiang Rai south to Tak. Copsychus malabaricus interpositus (Robinson and Boden Kloss) Kittacincla malabarica interposita Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Federated Malay States Mus., vol. 10, pt. 4, December 1922, p. 262 (Da Ban [lat. 12°38’ N., long. 109°06’ E.], Phan- rang Province, Annam). Range: The eastern portion of the northern plateau (Lampang, Phrae, Nan, Uttaradit), the eastern plateau, the southeastern pro- vinces, the central plains, and the southwestern provinces from south- ern Tak to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Copsychus malabaricus pellogynus (Oberholser) Kittacincla malabarica pellogyna Oberholser, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 76, No. 6, July 16, 1923, p. 4 (Bok Pyin [lat. 11°16’ N., long. 98°46’ E., Mergui District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus PHOENICURUS Forster Phoenicurus auroreus leucopterus Blyth Phenicura leucoptera Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 12, pt. 2, No. 148, [not earlier than December ?] 18438, p. 962 (“The Malay Peninsula’’). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in win- ter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai), THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 163 Genus RHYACORNIS Blanford Rhyacornis fuliginosus tenuirostris (Stresemann) Chimarrornis fuliginosa tenuirostris Stresemann, Journ. fiir Orn., jahrg. 71, heft 2/3, June 15, 1923, p. 364 (Siuhang, Kwangtung Province, China). Range: Reported from mountain streams of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chatya Prakan, Chiang Mai). Genus MYIOMELA G. R. Gray Myiomela leucura leucura (Hodgson) M{uscisylvia|. leueura Hodgson, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 13, No. 146, August 1845, p. 27 ([Nepal]). Range: Evergreen forests of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Lamphun, Nan). Genus ENICURUS Temminck Enicurus rufficapillus Temminck Enicurus rufficapillus Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 90,] vol. 3, July 1832, pl. 534 and text (Palembang [lat. 3°00’ S., long. 104°44’ E.], Sumatra). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Enicurus immaculatus (Hodgson) [Motacilla (Enicurus)| Immaculatus Hodgson, Asiatick Researches, vol. 19, pt. 1, [not earlier than September] 1836, p. 190 (Nepal). Range: Reported from the western portion of the northern plateau (Mae Hong Son). Enicurus schistaceus (Hodgson) [Motacilla (Enicurus)| Schistaceus Hodgson, Asiatick Researches, vol. 19, pt. 1, [not earlier than September| 1836, p. 189 (Nepal). Range: The northern plateau, the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei), and the western provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Enicurus leschenaulti indicus Hartert Enicurus leschenaulti indicus Hartert, Die Vogel der paldark- tischen Fauna, band 1, heft 6, June 1910, p. 760 (Margherita, Lakhimpur District, Assam State, India). Range: The northern plateau, on the West south to southern Tak, and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). 164 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Enicurus leschenaulti frontalis Blyth E{nicurus). frontalis Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 16, pt. 1, [not earlier than February] 1847, p. 156 (Malay Pen- insula). Range: The peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra. Genus COCHOA Hodgson Cochoa purpurea Hodgson Cochoa purpurea Hodgson, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 5, No. 54, June 1836, p. 359 (Nepal). Range: Evergreen forests of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chiang Mai). Cochoa viridis Hodgson Co|choa]. Viridis Hodgson, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 5, No. 54, June 1836, p. 359 (Nepal). Range: Evergreen forests of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chiang Mai, Lamphun, Nan). Genus SAXICOLA Bechstein Saxicola torquata yunnanensis (La Touche) Pratincola torquata yunnanensis La Touche, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 43, No. 278, Apr. 30, 1923, p. 184 (Shuitang [lat. 23°05’ N., long. 103°39’ E.], Yunnan Province, China). Range: A visitor from southern China, reported on migration or in winter from the northernmost portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chaiya Prakan). Saxicola torquata maura (Pallas) Motacilla maura Pallas, Reise durch verschiedene Provinzen des russischen Reichs, vol. 2, 1773, pp. 428, 708 (‘‘Karasulsk, N.W. of Ishim, 69° E., 56° N.,” Tyumen Oblast, Russian SFSR, fide Ticehurst, Ibis, 1938, p. 339, footnote). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to the Isthmus of Kra. Saxicola caprata burmanica Stuart Baker Sazicola caprata burmanica Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 43, No. 271, Oct. 27, 1922, p. 19 (Pegu, Pegu District, Pegu Division, Burma). Range: The northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chaiya Prakan, Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai, Tak), the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Phetchabun), and the northwestern portion of the central plains (Kamphaeng Phet). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 165 Saxicola ferrea J. E. Gray Saxicola ferrea J. E. Gray, Catalogue of the specimens and draw- ings of Mammalia and birds of Nepal and Thibet, presented by B. H. Hodgson, Esq. to the British Museum, 1846, pp. 71 [nomen nudum!], 153 (Nepal). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Genus CHAIMARRORNIS Hodgson Chaimarrornis leucocephalus leucocephalus (Vigors) Phenicura leucocephala Vigors, Proc. Comm. Sci. Corr. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 1, No. 3, Mar. 2, 1831, p. 35 (Himalayas). Range: Mountain streams of the western portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai) and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Genus MONTICOLA Boie Monticola gularis (Swinhoe) Orecetes gularis Swinhoe, Ibis, vol. 5, No. 17, January 1863, p. 98, pl. 3 (“Northern China”; type specimen from Tientsin, Hopeh Province, China, fide Swinhoe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, for 1862, pt. 3, February 1863, pp. 315, 318). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Lamphun), the eastern plateau (Ubon), the southeastern provinces (Chanthaburi, Trat), and the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Krabi). Monticola rufiventris sinensis A. C. Meinertzhagen Monticola rufiventris sinensis A. C. Meinertzhagen, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 47, No. 316, July 14, 1927, p. 148 (Kuatung, Fukien Province, China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migation or in winter from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai, Lamphun). Monticola solitarius affinis (Blyth) Pletrocincla]. affinis Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 12, pt. 1, No. 134, [not earlier than March] 1843, p. 177* (Dar- jeeling, Darjeeling District, Bengal State, India, and Tenas- serim Division, Burma). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to the Isthmus of Kra. 166 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Monticola solitarius philippensis (Statius Miiller) Turdus Philippensis Statius Miiller, Véllstindigen Natursystems Supplements- und Register-Band, 1776, p. 145 (Philippine Islands, ex Buffon). Range: A visitor from the Northeast, reported on migration or in winter from the eastern portion of the northern plateau (Lampang, Phrae), the eastern plateau, the southeastern provinces, the southern portion of the central plains, and the peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Trang. Genus MYOPHONUS Temminck Myophonus caeruleus caeruleus (Scopoli) Gracula (caerulea) Scopoli, Deliciae florae et faunae Insubricae, pars. 2, 1786, p. 88, sp. 42 (China, ez Sonnerat; type locality restricted to Canton, Kwangtung Province, by Stresemann, Abh. Ber. Mus. Tierk. Vélkerk. Dresden, band 16, hft. 2, 1924, p. 28). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai, Lamphun) and the north- western portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Myophonus caeruleus temminckii Vigors Myophonus Temminckii Vigors, Proc. Comm. Sci. Corr. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 1, No. 14, Mar. 2, 1832, p. 171 (Himalayas). Myophonus caeruleus rileyt Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 51, No. 6, Feb. 18, 1938, p. 25 (Doi Ang Ka [lat. 18°35’ N., long. 98°30’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: A visitor from the Northwest, reported on migration or in winter from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai). Myophonus caeruleus eugenei (Hume) Myiophoneus Hugener Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 1, No. 6, December 1873, p. 475 (Thayetmyo, Thayetmyo District, Magwe Division, and “the western Pegu Hills,’ Burma). ?Myiophoneus klossii Robinson, Ibis, ser. 10, vol. 3, No. 4, Oct. 8, 1915, p. 750 (Ko Mai Si [lat. 11°55’ N., long. 102°30’ E.], an islet off the coast of Trat Province, Thailand). Myiophoneus stonei Meyer de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 81, Aug. 12, 1929, p. 469 (““Chieng Mai’== the foot of Doi Suthep [lat. 18°50’ N., long. 98°55’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: The northern plateau, the eastern plateau (Loei, Sakon Nakhon, Sara Buri, Lop Buri), and the western and peninsular pro- THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 167 vinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan, but also reported, on migration or in winter, from islets off the coast of Trat. Myophonus caeruleus crassirostris (Robinson) Myiophoneus crassirostris Robinson, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 25, No. 160, May 12, 1910, p. 99 (Ban Khok Khan [lat. 7°34’ N., long. 99°38’ E.], Trang Province, Thailand). Myophonus temminckia changensis Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washing- ton, vol. 41, No. 48, Dec. 18, 1928, p. 207 (Ko Chang [lat. 12°00’ N., long. 102°30’ E.], off the coast of Trat Province, Thailand). Range: Coastal regions of the southeastern provinces (Trat, Chan- thaburi) and the peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Satun. Myophonus caeruleus dicrorhynechus Salvadori Myophonus dicrorhynchus Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, vol. 14, Apr. 22, 1879, p. 227 (‘“‘Ayer Manchor,” a waterfall at 10 kilometres from Padang Panjang [lat. 0°29’ S., long. 100°22’ E.] on the road to the Padang Highlands, Su- matra). Range: Reported from the southernmost peninsular provinces (Pattani, Yala, Narathiwat). Genus ZOOTHERA Vigors Zoothera interpres interpres (Temminck) Turdus interpres “Kuhl” Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 75,] vol. 2, [late in] 1827, pl. 458 and text (Java and Sumatra). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Zocthera sibirica sibirica (Pallas) Turdus sibiricus Pallas, Reise durch verschiedene Provinzen des russischen Reichs, vol. 3, 1776, p. 694 (“. . . in syluis alpinis et borealioribus Sibiriae . . .”’; type specimen from the river Konda, Buryat-Mongol ASSR, Russian SFSR, fide Pallas, ibid., p. 186 [where called 7. alpinus, nomen nudum)). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Zoothera citrina innotata (Blyth) Geocichla innotota [sic] Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 15, No. 173, [not earlier than Dec. 2,] 1846, p. 370 (Nicobar Islands and Malaya; type locality restricted to the Malay Peninsula, by Blyth, 2bid., vol. 16, 1847, p. 146). 546-019 6312 168 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Range: Reported from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Lamphun, Tak) and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei), but, on migration or in winter, also from the southeastern provinces (Trat, Chanthaburi) and the peninsular provinces between the Isthmus of Kra and Trang. Zoothera citrina gibson-hilli (Deignan) Geokichla citrina gibson-hilli Deignan, Zoologica, vol. 35, pt. 2, No. 8, Aug. 1, 1950, p. 127 (Sungei Balik [about lat. 10°31’ N., long. 98°33’ E.], Mergui District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: The southwestern and peninsular provinces from Kan- chanaburi to Prachuap Khiri Khan, but, on migration or in winter, reported also from the peninsular provinces between the Isthmus of Kra and Satun. Zoothera dixoni (Seebohm) Geocichla dixont Seebohm, Catalogue of the birds in the British Museum, vol. 5, 1881, pp. 149 [in key], 161 (Nepal and Darjeeling, Darjeeling District, Bengal State, India). Range: Reported only from the northwestern portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan). Zoothera dauma varia (Pallas) Turdus varius Pallas, Zoographia rosso-asiatica, tom. 1, 1811, p. 449 (“in alpestribus Sibiriae, . . . Krasnoyariad Jeniseam, circa Bargusin”’). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Lamphun). Zoothera dauma socia (Thayer and Bangs) Oreocincla dauma socia Thayer and Bangs, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zo6l., vol. 40, No. 4, August 1912, p. 174 (Tatsienlu=Kangting flat. 30°03’ N., long. 102°02’ E.], Hsikang Province, China). Range: A visitor from southwestern China, reported on migration or in winter from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Zoothera dauma dauma (Latham) [Turdus| Dauma Latham, Index ornithologicus, vol. 1, 1790, p. 362 (India; type locality restricted to Kashmir, by Stuart Baker, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. 27, 1921, p. 720). Turdus aureus angustirostris Gyldenstolpe, Orn. Monatsb., jahrg. 24, No. 2, February 1916, p. 28 (Doi Khun Tan [lat. 18°30’ N., long. 99°20’ E.], Lamphun Province, Thailand). Range: The northwestern provinces from Chaiya Prakan south to Tak and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 169 Zoothera dauma affinis (Richmond) Oreocinela horsfieldi affinis Richmond, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 15, No. 29, June 25, 1902, p. 158 (Khao Nok Ra [lat. 7°25’ N., long. 99°55’ E.], Trang Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Nakhon Si Thammarat, Trang). Zoothera marginata Blyth Zioothera]. marginata Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 16, pt. 1, [not earlier than February] 1847, p. 141 (Arakan Division, Burma). Range: Evergreen forests of the northern plateau, the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau, the southeastern provinces, and of the western provinces south to southern Tak. Genus TURDUS Linnaeus Turdus dissimilis dissimilis Blyth T{urdus}. dissimilis Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 16, pt. 1, [not earlier than February] 1847, p. 144 (“. . . Lower Bengal . . . the Himalaya” [error?]; type locality [inferen- tially] restricted to Lower Bengal, by Stuart Baker, The fauna of British India, Birds, ed. 2, vol. 7, 1930, p. 117). Range: Reported only from the northwestern portion of the north- ern plateau (Chaiya Prakan). Turdus boulboul yaoschanensis Yen Turdus boulboul yaoschanensis Yen, Bull. Mus. Nat. Hist. Natur. [Paris], sér. 2, tome 4, No. 4, [not earlier than June 18,] 1932, p. 380 (Yaoshan Range, Kwangsi Province, China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Turdus obscurus obscurus Gmelin [Turdus] obscurus Gmelin, Caroli a Linné . . . Systema naturae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 2, 1789, p. 816 (‘an Sibiriae silvis, ultra lacum Baical’’). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau, the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei), and the western and peninsular provinces south to Satun. 170 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Subfamily SYLVIINAE Genus SEICERCUS Swainson Seicereus burkii tephrocephalus (Anderson) Culicipeta tephrocephalus [sic] Anderson, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, for 1871, pt. 1, June 1871, p. 213 (Bhamo, Bhamo District, Kachin State, Upper Burma). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau, the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei), and the southeastern provinces (Chanthaburi). Seicercus burkii distinectus (La Touche) Cryptolopha burkir distincta La Touche, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 43, No. 272, Nov. 29, 1922, p. 41 (Mengtsz [lat. 23°23’ N.., long. 103°27’ E.], Yunnan Province, China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai, Lampang, Nan, Uttaradit) and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei, Phetchabun). Seicercus poliogenys (Blyth) O[ulicipeta]. poliogenys Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 16, pt. 1, [not earlier than May] 1847, p. 441 (Darjeeling, Dar- jeeling District, Bengal State, India). Range: Reported only from the eastern portion of the northern plateau (Nan). Seicercus castaniceps collinsi Deignan Seicercus castaniceps collinsi Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washing- ton, vol. 56, No. 5, Feb. 25, 1943, p. 29 (Doi Langka= Khao Pha Cho [lat. 19°00’ N., long. 99°25’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: Mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Seicercus castaniceps youngi (Robinson) Cryptolopha youngi Robinson, Journ. Federated Malay States Mus., vol. 5, No. 3, March 1915, p. 100 (Khao Nong [lat. 8°55’ N., long. 99°38’ E.], Surat Thani Province, Thailand). Range: Mountains of the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Surat Thani, Nakhon Si Thammarat). Genus ABROSCOPUS Stuart Baker Abroscopus superciliaris drasticus Deignan Abroscopus superciliaris drasticus Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soe. Washington, vol. 60, No. 4, Apr. 3, 1947, p. 20 (Margherita, Lakhimpur District, Assam State, India). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 71 Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the southwestern provinces (southern Tak). Abroscopus superciliaris superciliaris (Blyth) Abrornis superciliaris ‘“Tickell”’ Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 28, No. 4, 1859, p. 414 (“mountainous interior of the Tenasserim provinces’; type specimen from ‘‘Woods of Teewap’hado. 1100 feet,’’? Amherst District, Tenasserim Divi- sion, Burma, fide Tickell, ibid., p. 453). Range: The northern plateau, the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei, Phetchabun), and the southwestern provinces (Kanchanaburi). Abroscopus superciliaris bambusarum Deignan Abroscopus superciliaris bambusarum Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 60, No. 4, Apr. 3, 1947, p. 23 (Khao Phanom Bencha [lat. 8°15’ N., long. 98°55’ E.], Phangnga Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Phangnga. Abroscopus superciliaris sakaiorum (Stresemann) Abrornis sakaiorum Stresemann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 31, No. 183, Dec. 27, 1912, p. 27 (‘Upper Batang-Padang Valley,” Perak-Pahang Boundary, Malaya). Range: Reported from the southern peninsular provinces (Trang), Abroscopus albogularis hugonis Deignan Abroscopus albogularis hugonis Deignan, Auk, vol. 55, No. 3, July 12, 1938, p. 510 (Ban Mae Ton [lat. 18°55’ N., long. 99°15’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: Mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Genus GERYGONE Gould Gerygone fusca sulphurea Wallace Gerygone sulphurea Wallace, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, for 1863, pt. 3, February 1864, p. 490 (Solor Island, Solor Group, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia). Gerygone griseus Gyldenstolpe, Orn. Monatsb., jahrg. 24, No. 2, February 1916, p. 27 (Ko Lak=Prachuap Khiri Khan [lat. 11°50’ N., long. 99°45’ E.J, Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Thailand). Range: Reported from mangroves of the eastern coast (Samut Prakan, Prachuap Khiri Khan, Nakhon Si Thammarat) and of the western coast (Phuket, Trang). 172 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Genus PHYLLOSCOPUS Boie Phylloscopus subaffinis subaffinis Ogilvie-Grant Phylloscopus subaffinis Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 10, No. 68, Jan. 31, 1900, p. xxxvii (Puan, Kweichow Province, China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Phylloscopus fuscatus fuseatus (Blyth) Phillopneuste [sic] fuscata Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 11, pt. 1, No. 121, January 1842, p. 113 (“Shot in the neighbourhood”’ [of Calcutta, Bengal State, India)). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Phylloscopus armandii armandii (Milne-Edwards) Abrornis Armandii Milne-Edwards, Nouv. Arch. Mus. [Paris], tome 1, Bull., 1865, p. 22, pl. 2, fig. 1 (no locality given; type specimen from ‘mountains W. and N.W. of Pekin,’’ China, jide Ticehurst, A systematic review of the genus Phylloscopus, 1938, p. 91). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Phylloscopus armandii perplexus Ticehurst Phylloscopus armandii perplerus Ticehurst, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 54, No. 374, Jan. 27, 1934, p. 96 (““Chien-Chuan Valley’ = Kienchwan Valley [lat. 26°40’ N., long. 100°00’ E.], Yunnan Province, China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in win- ter from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai). Phylloscopus schwarzi (Radde) Sylvia (Phyllopneuste) Schwarzi Radde, Reisen im Siiden von Ost- Sibirien, band 2, 1863, p. 260, pl. 9, fig. 1 (Kulusutai, Chita Province, Russian SFSR, and the Bureya Range, Khabarovsk Territory, Russian SFSR). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces (Chon Buri), and the southeastern portion of the central plains. Phylloscopus pulcher pulcher Blyth Ph{ylloscopus). pulcher ““Hodgson”’ Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Ben- gal, vol. 14, pt. 2, No. 164, [not earlier than Aug. 29,] 1845, p. 592 (Nepal). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 173 Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in win- ter from mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Phylloscopus inornatus inornatus (Blyth) Regulus inornatus Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 11, pt. 1, No. 122, [not earlier than March] 1842, p. 191 (India; type specimens from Calcutta, Bengal State, fide Ticehurst, A sys- tematic review of the genus Phylloscopus, 1938, p. 100). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Satun. Phylloscopus inornatus mandellii (Brooks) Regulordes Mandellii Brooks, Stray Feathers, vol. 8, Nos. 2-5, October 1879, p. 389 (Darjeeling, Darjeeling District, Bengal State, India, and Sikkim). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in win- ter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai). Phylloscopus proregulus chloronotus (J. E. Gray) Abrornis chloronotus J. E. Gray, Catalogue of the specimens and drawings of Mammalia and birds of Nepal and Thibet, pre- sented by B. H. Hodgson, Esq. to the British Museum, 1846, pp. 66 [nomen nudum!], 152 (Nepal). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in win- ter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Nan). Phylloscopus maculipennis maculipennis (Blyth) Abrornis maculipennis Blyth, Ibis, ser. 2, vol. 3, No. 9, January 1867, p. 27 (“Nipal or Sikhim”; type specimen from Nepal, jide Ticeburst, A systematic review of the genus Phylloscopus, 1938, p. 120). Range: Resident on high mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (summit of Doi Ang Ka [lat. 18°35’ N., long. 98°30’ E.]). Phylloscopus borealis borealis (H. Blasius) Phyllopneuste borealis H. Blasius, Naumannia, jahrg. 1858, p. 313 (“Mer d’Ochotsk, Latitude 59°.38’ N., Longitude 147°.30/ E.’’). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chiang Mai, Phrae), the eastern plateau, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces to the extreme South. 174 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Phylloscopus trochiloides plumbeitarsus Swinhoe Phylloscopus plumbetiarsus Swinhoe, Ibis, vol. 3, No. 12, October 1861, p. 330 (‘between Takoo and Peking, in the neighbour- hood of the Peiho River,’’ Hopeh Province, China). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, and the western and peninsular provinces south to the Isthmus of Kra. Phyloscopus trochiloides obscuratus Stresemann Phylloscopus trochiloides obscuratus Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., jahrg. 37, No. 3, May 6, 1929, p. 74 (‘“Stid-Tetungsche Berge, Langs-tang-schui-Schlucht,’” Kansu Province, China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in win- ter from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai), Phylloscopus trochiloides trechiloides (Sundevall) Acanthiza trochiloides Sundevall, Physiographiska Séllskapets Tidskrift [Lund], band 1, hafte 1, 1837, p. 76 (no locality given; type specimen taken on Feb. 15, 1828, on which day the col- lector was at Serampore, Hooghly District, Bengal State, India). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in win- ter from the northern plateau (Lampang) and the southwestern por- tion of the eastern plateau (Nakhon Ratchasima). Phyllescopus tenellipes Swinhoe Phylloscopus tenellipes Swinhoe, Ibis, vol. 2, No. 5, January 1860, p. 53 (Amoy, Fukien Province, China). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Phrae), the eastern plateau, the southeastern provinces, the central plains (Bangkok), and the peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan south to Trang. Phylloscopus coronatus (Temminck and Schlegel) Ficedula coronata Temminck and Schlegel, in Siebold, Fauna japonica, Aves, pts. 2 & 3, 1847, p. 48, pl. 18 (Japan). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Phrae), the eastern plateau, the central plains, and the southwestern and peninsular provinces from Kanchanaburi to Trang. Phylloscopus reguloides claudiae (La Touche) Acanthopneuste trochiloides claudiez La Touche, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 43, No. 271, Oct. 27, 1922, p. 22 (Mengtsz [lat. 23°23’ N., long. 103°27’ E.], Yunnan Province, China). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 175 Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Lamphun) and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Phylloscopus davisoni disturbans (La Touche) Acanthopneuste trochaloides disturbans La Touche, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 48, No. 271, Oct. 27, 1922, p. 22 (Mengtsz [lat. 23°23’ N., long. 103°27’ E.], Yunnan Province, China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Nan) and the north- western portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Phylloscopus davisoni davisoni (Oates) Acanthopneuste davisont Oates, Fauna of British India, Birds, vol. 1, 1889, pp. 412 [in key], 420 (Mulayit Taung [lat. 16°11’ N., long. 98°32’ E.], Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: Resident on the higher mountains of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Nan). Phylloscopus davisoni intensior Deignan Phylloscopus davisoni intensior Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash- ington, vol. 69, No. 36, Dec. 31, 1956, p. 209 (Khao Kuap [lat. 12°25’ N., long. 102°50’ E.], Trat Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the southeastern provinces (Trat). Phylloscopus ricketti ricketti (Slater) Cryptolopha ricketti Slater, Ibis, ser. 7, vol. 3, No. 10, April 1897, p. 174, pl. 4, fig. 2 (Kuatung, Fukien Province, China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai) and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Phetchabun). Genus PHRAGAMATICOLA Jerdon Phragamaticola aedon (Pallas) Muscicapa Aédon Pallas, Reise durch verschiedene Provinzen des russischen Reichs, vol. 3, 1776, p. 695 (“. . . inrupestribus, apricis Dauuriae crebra, canora etiam noctu’’; type specimen from the mountains between the rivers Brozya and Onon, Chita Province, Russian SKSR, fide Pallas, abid., p. 229 [where called M. rupicola, nomen nudum)). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Krabi. 176 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Genus ACROCEPHALUS Naumann Acrocephalus arundinaceus orientalis (Temminck and Schlegel) Salicaria turdina orientalis Temminck and Schlegel, in Siebold, Fauna japonica, Aves, pts. 2 & 3, 1847, p. 50, pl. 21 B [=20 B] (Japan). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the peninsular provinces (Ranong, Phuket). Acrocephalus stentoreus brunnescens (Jerdon) A{grobates]. brunnescens Jerdon, Madras Journal of Literature & Science, vol. 10, No. 25, [not earlier than October] 1839, p. 269 (Trichinopoly=Tiruchirapalli, Tiruchirapalli District, Madras State, India). Range: A visitor from the Northwest, reported on migration or in winter from the northwestern provinces (Chiang Mai, Tak). Acrocephalus concinens cincinens (Swinhoe) Calamoherpe concinens Swinhoe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, for 1870, pt. 2, November 1870, p. 432 (Peking, Hopeh Province, China). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Acrocephalus bistrigiceps Swinhoe Acrocephalus bistrigiceps Swinhoe, Ibis, vol. 2, No. 5, January 1860, p. 51 (Amoy, Fukien Province, China). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai, Uttaradit), the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the peninsular provinces at the Isthmus of Kra. Genus LOCUSTELLA Kaup Locustella lanceolata (Temminck) Sylvia lanceolata Temminck, Manuel d’ornithologie, éd. 2, partie 4, 1840, p. 614 (‘“‘“Mayence,. . . non loin de cette ville,” error; type locality corrected to Russia, by Hartert, Die Vogel der palaarktischen Fauna, band 1, hft. 5, 1909, p. 553). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Lamphun), the south- western portion of the eastern plateau (Sara Buri), and the peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Trang. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 177 Locustella certhiola minor David and Oustalet Locustella minor David and Oustalet, Les oiseaux de la Chine, 1877, p. 250 (Peking, Hopeh Province, China). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Nan), the central plains (Bangkok, Samut Songkhram), and the peninsular provinces (Surat Thani). Genus MEGALURUS Horsfield Megalurus palustris toklao (Blyth) Turdus toklao ‘“Buchanan Hamilton” Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soe. Bengal, vol. 12, pt. 1, No. 134, [not earlier than March] 1843, p. 179*. Name made available for Megalurus sp., described ibid., vol. 11, pt. 1, No. 126, [not earlier than July] 1842, p. 603 (‘in the bazaar [Calcutta],”’ ex Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 11, 1842, p. 602, and Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. 12, 1843, p. 99). Range: Found throughout the year in grasslands of the central plains, but also reported, on migration or in winter, from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Genus GRAMINICOLA Jerdon Graminicola bengalensis striata Styan Graminicola striata Styan, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, No. 2, Nov. 1, 1892, p. vi (Hainan). Range: Recorded only from the southern portion of the central plains (where, however, it has not been found since 1923). Genus ORTHOTOMUS Horsfield Orthotomus sutorius inexpectatus La Touche Orthotomus sutorvus inexpectatus La Touche, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 43, No. 272, Nov. 29, 1922, p. 42 (Mengtsz [lat. 23°23’ N.., long. 103°27’ E.], Yunnan Province, China). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Orthotomus sutorius maculicollis Moore Orthotomus maculicollis Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 22, No. 279, May 8, 1855, p. 309 (Malacca). Range: The peninsular provinces from Krabi to the extreme South. tis U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Orthotomus atrogularis nitidus Hume Orthotomus nitidus Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 2, No. 6, October 1874, p. 507 (Tenasserim Division, Burma; ‘‘the northern half of the province,” fide Hume, ibzd., vol. 3, 1875, p. 325; specimens from Kyauknyat and Papun, Salween District, and from Tavoy and Thayetchaung, Tavoy District, fide Hume and Davison, ibid., vol. 6, 1878, p. 345). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, the central plains, and the western provinces south to Kanchana- buri. Orthotomus atrogularis atrogularis Temminck Orthotomus atrogularis Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 101,] vol. 3, 1836, text to pl. 599 (“. . . 4 Malacca et 4 Bornéo’’; type locality [inferentially] restricted to Malacca, by Chasen and Boden Kloss, Journ. fiir Orn., Ergiinzungsband 2, 1929, p:120). Range: The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. Orthotomus ruficeps ruficeps (Lesson) Edela ruficeps Lesson, Traité d’ornithologie, livr. 4, September 1830, p. 309 (“. . . edte nord-ouest de la Nouvelle-Hollande,”’ error; type locality corrected to ‘“Malacca, Malay Peninsula,” by Oberholser, U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 159, 1932, p. 88). Range: Reported from the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Nakhon Si Thammarat). Orthotomus sericeus hesperius Oberholser Orthotomus sericeus hesperius Oberholser, U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 159, [not earlier than Jan. 29,] 1932, p. 89 (Lingga Island, Lingga Archipelago). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Orthotomus cuculatus coronatus Blyth Orthotomus coronatus “Jerd. & Blyth” Blyth, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, for 1861, pt. 2, August 1861, p. 200 (Sikkim; type specimen from Darjeeling, Darjeeling District, Bengal State, India, fide Bowdler Sharpe, Catalogue of the birds in the British Museum, vol. 7, 1883, p. 230). Range: Reported from evergreen forest on mountains of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Nan). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 179 Orthotomus cuculatus thais (Robinson and Boden Kloss) Phyllergates cucullatus thais Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Federated Malay States Mus., vol. 11, pt. 1, April 1923, p. 56 (Khao Luang [lat. 8°30’ N., long. 99°45’ E.], Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand). Range: Reported from mountains of the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Nakhon Si Thammarat, Trang). Genus PRINIA Horsfield Prinia hodgsonii erro Deignan Prinia hodgsonii erro Deignan, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 103, No. 3, Sept. 1, 1942, p. 6 (Muang Chiang Mai [lat. 18°45’ N., long. 99°00’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: The northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Nan), the southwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Nakhon Ratchasima), the southeastern provinces (Chon Buri), the central plains (Kamphaeng Phet, Nakhon Sawan), and the southwestern provinces (Kanchanaburi). Prinia rufescens beavani Walden Prinia beavani Walden, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, for 1866, pt. 3, April 1867, p. 551 (Shwegon, Thaton District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: The northern plateau, the eastern plateau (along the river Mae Khong from Loei to Ubon), and the western provinces south to Kanchanaburi. Prinia rufescens objurgans Deignan Prinia rufescens objurgans Deignan, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 103, No. 3, Sept. 1, 1942, p. 3 (Ban Si Racha [lat. 13°10’ N., long. 100°55’ E.], Chon Buri Province, Thailand). Range: The southwestern portion of the eastern plateau and the southeastern provinces. Prinia rufescens peninsularis Deignan Prinia rufescens peninsularis Deignan, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 103, No. 3, Sept. 1, 1942, p. 3 (Trang Province [lat. 7°-8° N.], Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Trang (possibly extending northward as far as the southwestern portion of the central plains). Prinia rufescens extrema Deignan Prinia rufescens extrema Deignan, Smithsonian Mise. Coll., vol. 103, No. 3, Sept. 1, 1942, p. 3 (Bang Nara=Narathiwat [lat. 6°25’ N., long. 101°50’ E.], Narathiwat Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the southernmost peninsular provinces (Pattani, Yala, Narathiwat). 180 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Prinia subflava blanfordi (Walden) Drymeca blanfordi Walden, in Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 43, pt. 2, extra No., Aug. 27, 1875, p. 118 (Toungoo, Toungoo District, Pegu Division, Burma). Range: Reported only from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Nan). Prinia subflava herberti Stuart Baker Prinia inornata herberti Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 38, No. 230, Jan. 28, 1918, p. 39 (Bangkok [lat. 13°45’ N., long. 100°30’ E.], Phra Nakhon Province, and Ban Sam Khok flat. 14°05’ N., long. 100°30’ E.], Pathum Thani Province, Thailand). Range: The southwestern portion of the eastern plateau and the central plains. Prinia flaviventris delacouri Deignan Prinia flaviventris delacouri Deignan, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 103, No. 3, Sept. 1, 1942, p. 9 (Muang Chiang Mai [lat. 18°45’ N., long. 99°00’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: The northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chiang Mai), the south- western portion of the eastern plateau (Sara Buri), and the central plains. Prinia flaviventris rafflesi Tweeddale Prinia rafflesi Tweeddale, Ibis, ser. 4, vol. 1, No. 3, July 1877, p. 311, pl. 6, fig. 1 (vicinity of Lampung Bay, southern Sumatra). Range: The peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Nakhon Si Thammarat, Trang, Narathiwat). Prinia polychroa cooki (Harington) Suya crinigera cooki Harington, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 31, No. 189, July 10, 1913, p. 109 (Thayetmyo, Thayetmyo Dis- trict, Magwe Division, Burma). Range: Reported from the eastern plateau (Loei, Ubon, Nakhon Ratchasima) and the central plains (Kamphaeng Phet). Prinia atrogularis erythropleura (Walden) Suya erythropleura Walden, in Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 43, pt. 2, extra No., Aug. 27, 1875, p. 120 (Toungoo, Toungoo District, Pegu Division, Burma). Range: Mountains of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Nan) and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 181 Genus CISTICOLA Kaup Cisticola juncidis malaya Lynes Cisticola juncidis malaya Lynes, Ibis, ser. 12, vol. 6, suppl. No., August 1930, pp. 13 [nomen nudum], 92 (Klang, Selangor State, Malaya). Range: The northern plateau, the southwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Sara Buri), and the central plains. Cisticola exilis equicaudata Stuart Baker Cisticola exilis equicaudata Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 44, No. 283, Jan. 5, 1924, p. 39 (Ban Sam Khok [lat. 14°05’ N., long. 100°30’ E.], Pathum Thani Province, Thai- land). Range: The northern plateau (Chiang Rai), the eastern plateau (Udon Thani, Sara Buri), and the central plains. Genus TESIA Hodgson Tesia olivea (McClelland) Sazicola? olivea McClelland, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 7, No. 82, March 1840, p. 161 (Assam State, India). Range: Mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai) and the southwestern provinces (south- ern Tak). Genus CETTIA Bonaparte Cettia squameiceps (Swinhoe) Tribura squameiceps Swinhoe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, for 1863, pt. 2, August 1863, p. 292 (Canton, Kwangtung Province, China). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Nan) and the peninsular provinces (Chumphon, Ranong). Cettia pallidipes laurentei (La Touche) Urosphena laurentei La Touche, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 42, No. 263, Nov. 29, 1921, p. 30 (Poutoutsing, Yunnan Province, China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chiang Mai). Cettia canturiens canturiens (Swinhoe) Arundinaz canturians [sic] Swinhoe, Ibis, vol. 2, No. 5, January 1860, p. 52 (Amoy, Fukien Province, China). Range: A visitor from China, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai). 182 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Genus BRADYPTERUS Swainson Bradypterus thoracicus thoracicus (Blyth) D\umeticola]. thoracica Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 14, pt. 2, No. 164, [not earlier than Aug. 29,] 1845, p. 584 (Nepal). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from mountains of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Bradypterus thoracicus shanensis (‘Ticehurst) Tribura thoracica shanensis Ticehurst, Ibis, ser. 14, vol. 5, No. 2, Apr. 16, 1941, p. 318 (Maymyo, Mandalay District, Mandalay Division, Burma). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Bradypterus luteoventris ticehursti Deignan Bradypterus luteoventris ticehursti Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soe. Washington, vol. 56, No. 15, June 16, 1943, p. 71. New name for Tribura luteoventris saturatus [sic] Ticehurst, Ibis, ser. 14, vol. 5, No. 2, Apr. 16, 1941, p. 318 (Arakan Yoma, at border of Thayetmyo and Minbu Districts, Magwe Division, Burma), not Tribura thoracica saturata Yen, 1933. Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Bradypterus luteoventris idoneus (Riley) Tribura idonea Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 53, No. 11, Apr. 19, 1940, p. 48 (Dalat [forest along the river Cam- ly], Haut-Donai Province, Annam). Range: Reported only from the eastern portion of the northern plateau (Nan). Subfamily MUSCICAPINAE Genus RHINOMYIAS Bowdler Sharpe Rhinomyias olivacea olivacea (Hume) Cyornis olivacea Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 5, Nos. 3 & 4, August 1877, p. 338 (‘in the extreme southern portion of the Tenas- serim Provinces’; specimens from Tenasserim Town, Ban- kasun, and Maliwun, Mergui District, Tenasserim Division, Burma, fide Hume and Davison, Stray Feathers, vol. 6, 1878, p. 229). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Trang. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 183 Rhinomyias umbratilis (Strickland) Trichostoma umbratile Strickland, in Jardine, Contributions to ornithology, for 1849, pt. —, 1849, p. 126, pl. [85], hind fig. (Borneo). Range: Reported only from the southernmost peninsular provinces (Narathiwat). Genus MUSCICAPA Brisson Muscicapa sibirica sibirica Gmelin [Muscicapa] sibirica Gmelin, Caroli a Linné . . . Systema na- turae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 2, 1789, p. 986 (“. . . circa lacum Baikal, et in orientali Sibiria ad Camtschatcam usque,’? USSR). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai), the southeastern prov- inces (Chanthaburi), the southern portion of the central plains, and the peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan south to Trang. Muscicapa sibirica cacabata Penard Muscicapa sibirica cacabata Penard, Proc. New England Zool. Club, vol. 7, Oct. 31, 1919, p. 22. New name for H[emichelidon]. fuliginosa Hodgson, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 13, No. 146, August 1845, p. 32 ([Nepal]), not [uscicapa] fuliginosa Gmelin, 1789, or Muscicapa fuliginosa Sparrman, 1787. Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the peninsular provinces (Ranong). Muscicapa sibirica rothschildi (Stuart Baker) Hemichelidon sibirica rothschildi Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 43, No. 280, July 20, 1923, p. 156 (Likiang Range, Yunnan Province, China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northwestern provinces (Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai, Tak). Muscicapa latirostris cinereo-alba Temminck and Schlegel Muscicapa cinereo-alba Temminck and Schlegel, an Siebold, Fauna japonica, Aves, pts. 2 & 3, 1847, p. 42, pl. 15 ([Japan]). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Lamphun), the east- ern plateau, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the southwestern provinces (Kanchanaburi). 546—019—63——_13 184 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Muscicapa latirostris latirostris Raffles Muscicapa latirostris Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 2, [not earlier than November] 1822, p. 312 (Sumatra). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, the central plains, and the peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. Muscicapa latirostris siamensis (Gyldenstolpe) Alseonax siamensis Gyldenstolpe, Orn. Monatsb., jahrg. 24, No. 2, February 1916, p. 27 (Sathani Pang Hua Phong [lat. 18°25’ N., long. 99°15’ E.], Lampang Province, Thailand). Range: A permanent resident, reported only from the northern pla- teau (Chiang Mai, Lampang). Muscicapa williamsoni Deignan Muscicapa williamsoni Deignan, Ibis, vol. 99, No. 2, Apr. 1, 1957, p. 343 (Khao Phanom Bencha [lat. 8°15’ N., long. 98°55’ E.], Krabi Province, Thailand). Range: Reported from the southern portion of the central plains (Bangkok) and the peninsular provinces (Prachuap Khiri Khan, Chumphon, Phangnga, Krabi). Muscicapa rufilata (Swinhoe) Hemichelidon rufilata Swinhoe, Ibis, vol. 2, No. 5, January 1860, p. 57 (Amoy, Fukien Province, China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the western portion of the northern plateau (Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai), the southeastern provinces (Chanthaburi), and the peninsular provinces from Nakhon Si Thammarat south to Satun. Muscicapa thalassina thalassina Swainson Muscicapa thalassina Swainson, The naturalist’s library, vol. 21 ornithology, vol. 10], May 1838, p. 252 (India). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Muscicapa thalassina thalassoides (Cabanis) G[laucomyias]. thalassoides Cabanis, Museum Heineanum, theil 1, [not earlier than Oct. 23,] 1851, p. 53, footnote. New name for [Hypothymis] (Muscicapa) thalassina Bonaparte, Conspectus generum avium, tom. 1, pars 2, Feb. 3, 1851, p. 320 (Sumatra), not Muscicapa thalassina Swainson, 1838. Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 185 Muscicapa zanthopygia Hay Muscicapa Zanthopygia Hay, Madras Journal of Literature & Science, vol. 13, pt. 2, No. 31, [not earlier than December] 1844, p. 162 (Malacca). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the eastern portion of the northern plateau (Nan, Uttaradit), the eastern plateau (Nakhon Ratchasima), the south- eastern provinces (Chanthaburi), the southern portion of the central plains (Bangkok), and the peninsular provinces (Prachuap Khiri Khan, Surat Thani, Nakhon Si Thammarat). Muscicapa mugimaki Temminck Muscicapa mugimaki Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 97,] vol. 3, 1835, pl. 577, fig. 2, and text (Japan). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the southeastern provinces (Trat), the central plains (Bangkok), and the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Nakhon Si Thammarat, Satun). Muscicapa parva albicilla Pallas Muscicapa Albicilla Pallas, Zoographia rosso-asiatica, vol. 1, 1811, p. 462, Aves, pl. 1 (Dauria, Russian SFSR, USSR). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to the Isthmus of Kra. Muscicapa strophiata strophiata (Hodgson) Siphia Strophiata Hodgson, India Review and Journal of Foreign Science and the Arts, vol. 1, No. 12, March 1837, p. 651 (Nepal). Siphia strophiata asema Deignan, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 99, No. 18, Dec. 11, 1940, p. 1 (Doi Suthep [lat. 18°50’ N.., long. 98°55’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Lamphun). Muscicapa monileger leucops (Bowdler Sharpe) Digenea leucops Bowdler Sharpe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 2, No. 18, August 1888, p. 246 (Shillong, Khasi and Jaintia Hills District, Assam State, India, and Karenni State, Burma). Range: Reported only from the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Nan). 186 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Muscicapa solitaris submoniliger (Hume) Anthipes submoniliger Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 5, No. 2, June 17, 1877, p. 105 (‘Central Tenasserim Hills’’; specimens from “Mooleyit and its spurs,’ Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma, fide Hume and Davison, Stray Feathers, vol. 6, 1878, p. 232). Range: The western and peninsular provinces from Tak south to Nakhon Si Thammarat. Muscicapa solitaris malayana (Bowdler Sharpe) Digenea malayana Bowdler Sharpe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 2, No. 18, August 1888, p. 247 (Larut Range, Perak State, Malaya). Range: Reported only from the southern peninsular provinces (Trang). Muscicapa hyperythra hyperythra Blyth [Muscicapa] hyperythra Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 11, pt. 2, No. 129, [not earlier than December] 1842, p. 885. New name for D[imorpha]. superciliaris Blyth, ibid., vol. 11, pt. 1, No. 122, [not earlier than March] 1842, p. 190 (Nepal and Darjeeling, Darjeeling District, Bengal State, India), not M{uscicapa). superciliaris Jerdon, 1840. Range: Reported only from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chiang Mai). Muscicapa dumetoria muelleri (Bowdler Sharpe) Muscicapa muelleri ‘““Temm.” Blyth, Ibis, ser. 2, vol. 6, No. 22, April 1870, p. 166 (Sumatra and Borneo). Nomen nudum! Erythromyias muelleri Bowdler Sharpe, Catalogue of the birds in the British Museum, vol. 4, 1879, pp. 199 [in key], 200, pl. 4, fig. 2 (Sumatra). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Trang. Muscicapa hodgsonii (Verreaux) Siphia hodgsonii J. Verreaux, Nouv. Arch. Mus. [Paris], tome 6, Bull., [not earlier than] 1871, p. 34 (Muping= Paohing, Hsikang Province, China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai) and the southwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Nakhon Ratchasima). Muscicapa westermani australorientis Ripley Muscicapa westermanni [sic] australorientis Ripley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 65, No. 11, Apr. 25, 1952, p. 72 (Phu THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 187 Kobo [lat. 19°18’ N., long. 103°28’ E.], Chiang Khwang Prov- ince, Laos). Range: Reported from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai) and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Muscicapa westermani westermani (Bowdler Sharpe) Muscicapula westermanni [sic] Bowdler Sharpe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 3, No. 19, Oct. 1, 1888, p. 270 (Gunong Ulu Batang Padang, Perak State, Malaya). Range: Mountains of the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra. Muscicapa superciliaris aestigma J. E. Gray Musicapa exstigma J. E. Gray, Catalogue of the specimens and drawings of Mammalia and birds of Nepal and Thibet, presented by B. H. Hodgson, Esq. to the British Museum, 1846, pp. 90 [nomen nudem], 155 (Nepal). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Muscicapa sapphira laotiana (Delacour and Greenway) Muscicapula sapphira laotiana Delacour and Greenway, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 59, No. 423, June 17, 1939, p. 182 (Col de Taloun [about 19°53’ N., long. 102°20’ E.], Luang Phrabang Province, Laos). Range: Reported only from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Lamphun). Muscicapa cyanomelana cumatilis (Thayer and Bangs) Cyanoptila cumatilis Thayer and Bangs, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., vol. 52, No. 8, May 1909, p. 141 (Ma-fu-ling, Hupeh Province, China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chiang Mai) and the southern peninsular provinces (Satun). Muscicapa grandis grandis (Blyth) [Chaitaris] grandis Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 11, pt. 1, No. 122, [not earlier than March] 1842, p. 189 (Darjeel- ing, Darjeeling District, Bengal State, India). Niltava grandis nobilis Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 42, No. 15, May 3, 1929, p. 161 (Doi Ang Ka=Doi Inthanon flat. 18°35’ N., long. 98°30’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thai- land). Range: Reported from mountains of the northern plateau, on the West south to Tak. 188 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Muscicapa grandis decipiens (Salvadori) Niltava decipiens Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, ser. 2, vol. 12, Dec. 23, 1891, p. 49 (‘‘{nella foresta di] Si Rambé” [at about 2°18’ N., long. 99°07’ E.], Sumatra). Range: Mountains of the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Nakhon Si Thammarat). Muscicapa macgrigoriae (Burton) Phenicura MacGrigoriz Burton, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 3, No. 34, Feb. 12, 1836, p. 152 (“apud Montes Himalayenses,”’ India). Range: Mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Muscicapa sundara denotata (Bangs and Phillips) Niltava sundara denotata Bangs and Phillips, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., vol. 58, No. 6, April 1914, p. 280 (Mengtsz [lat. 23°23’ N., long. 103°27’ E.], Yunnan Province, China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai). Muscicapa vivida oatesi (Salvadori) Niltava Oatesi Salvadori Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, ser. 2, vol. 5, Dec. 12, 1887, p. 514 (Mulayit Taung, Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Niltava smithi Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 42, No. 15, May 3, 1929, p. 162 (Doi Suthep [lat. 18°50’ N., long. 98°55’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Niltava williaminae Meyer de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 81, Aug. 12, 1929, p. 469 (Doi Suthep [lat. 18°50’ N., long. 98°55’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: Reported from mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Lamphun). Muscicapa concreta concreta S. Miiller Muscicapa concreta S. Miller, Tijdschrift voor Natuurlijke Ge- schiedenis en Physiologie, vol. 2, 1835, p. 351 (Sumatra). Range: Reported only from the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Trang). Muscicapa hainana (Ogilvie-Grant) Siphia hainana Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 10, No. 68, Jan. 31, 1900, p. xxxvi (Wuchi Mountains, Hainan). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 189 Muscicapa unicolor unicolor (Blyth) Clyornis]. unicolor Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 12, pt. 2, No. 148, [not earlier than December?] 1843, p. 1007 (Dar- jeeling, Darjeeling District, Bengal State, India). Range: Reported from mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau. Muscicapa unicolor harterti (Robinson and Kinnear) Cyornis unicolor harterti Robinson and Kinnear, Nov. Zool., vol. 34, No. 3, July 31, 1928, p. 256. New name for Cyornis uni- color infuscata ‘‘(Blyth)” Hartert, Nov. Zool., vol. 9, December 1902, p. 550 (Java), not Muscicapa infuscata ‘‘Miiller’’ Blyth, 1870. Range: The peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Nakhon Si Thammarat). Muscicapa rubeculoides glaucicomans (Thayer and Bangs) Cyornis tickelliae glaucicomans Thayer and Bangs, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., vol. 52, No. 8, May 1909, p. 141 (‘‘Tan-swio-Yah,”’ Hupeh Province, China). Cyornis rubeculoides chersonesites Oberholser, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 33, No. 17, Dec. 30, 1920, p. 85 (Trang Prov- ince, Thailand). Cyornis anak Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Federated Malay States Mus., vol. 10, pt. 4, December 1922, p. 261 (Sathani Khlong Muan [lat. 7°50’ N., long. 99°40’ E.], Trang Province, Thailand). Range: A visitor from China, reported on migration or in winter from the eastern plateau (Loei, Phetchabun), the central plains (Ayutthaya), and the peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan south to Trang. Muscicapa rubeculoides dialilaema (Salvadori) Cyornis dialilema Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, ser. 2, vol. 7, Aug. 6, 1889, p. 387 (‘“Taho”’ [about lat. 19°28’ N., long. 96°48’ E.], Karenni State, Burma). Range: The northern plateau (Mae Hong Son, Lamphun, Lampang) and the southwestern provinces (Kanchanaburi). Muscicapa rubeculoides klossi (Robinson) Cyornis rubeculoides klosst Robinson, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 42, No. 262, Oct. 29, 1921, p. 12 (Dran [lat. 11°49’ N., long. 108°38’ E.], Phanrang Province, Annam). Range: Reported only from the southwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Nakhon Ratchasima). 190 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Muscicapa banyumas magnirostris (Blyth) Cyornis magnirostris Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 18, pt. 2, [not earlier than August] 1849, p. 814 (Darjeeling, Dar- jeeling District, Bengal State, India). Range: A visitor from the Northwest, reported on migration or in winter from the peninsular provinces between the Isthmus of Kra and Trang. Muscicapa banyumas whitei (Harington) Cyornis whitei Harington, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 8, vol. 2, No. 9, September 1908, p. 245 (Watan, Bhamo District, Kachin State, Upper Burma). Range: The northern plateau and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Muscicapa banyumas lekhakuni Deignan Muscicapa banyumas lekhakuni Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash- ington, vol. 69, No. 36, Dec. 31, 1956, p. 209 (Khao Laem [lat. 14°25’ N., long. 101°30’ E.], Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand). Range: The southwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Nakhon Ratchasima). Muscicapa banyumas deignani (Meyer de Schauensee) Cyornis banyumas deignani Meyer de Schauensee, Notulae Naturae Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, No. 7, June 8, 1939, p. [1] (Khao Soi Dao Tai flat. 12°55’ N., long. 102°10’ E.], Chanthaburi Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the southeastern provinces (Chantha- buri, Trat). Muscicapa banyumas coerulifrons (Stuart Baker) Cyornis magnirostris cerulifrons Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 39, No. 236, Oct. 29, 1918, p. 8 (Ban Khlong Bang Lai=Ban Salui [lat. 10°45’ N., long. 99°10’ E.], Chumphon Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Krabi. Muscicapa tickelliae indochina (Chasen and Boden Kloss) Oyornis rufigastra indochina Chasen and Boden Kloss, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 48, No. 321, Feb. 25, 1928, p. 73 (Da Ban [lat. 12°38’ N., long. 109°06’ E.], Phanrang Province, Annam). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 191 Muscicapa tickelliae sumatrensis (Bowdler Sharpe) Siphia sumatrensis Bowdler Sharpe, Catalogue of the birds in the British Museum, vol. 4, 1879, pp. 442 [in key], 451 (Sumatra). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus MUSCICAPELLA Bianchi Muscicapella hodgsoni hodgsoni (Moore) Nemura Hodgson Moore, in Horsfield and Moore, Catalogue of the birds in the Museum of the Hon. East-India Company, vol. 1, 1854, p. 300 (Nepal). Range: Reported only from mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Genus CULICICAPA Swinhoe Culicicapa ceylonensis calochrysea Oberholser Culicicapa ceylonensis calochrysea Oberholser, Smithsonian Mise. Coll., vol. 76, No. 6, July 16, 1923, p. 8 (““Quaymoo Choung”’ [a stream entering the river Thaungyin at about lat. 17°15’ N.], Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: The northern plateau, on the West south to Tak, and the greater portion of the eastern plateau. Culicicapa ceylonensis antioxantha Oberholser Culicicapa ceylonensis antioxantha Oberholser, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 76, No. 6, July 16, 1923, p. 9 (Khao Soi Dao [lat. 7°20’ N., long. 99°50’ E.], Trang Province, Thailand). Culicicapa ceylonensis meridionalis Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 44, No. 281, Nov. 5, 1923, p. 12 (Khao Thung Song= Khao Wang Hip [lat. 8°15’ N., long. 99°48’ E.], Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand). Range: The southwestern portion of the eastern plateau, the south- eastern provinces, and the western and peninsular provinces from southern Tak to the extreme South. Genus PHILENTOMA Eyton Philentoma velatum caesium (Lesson) Monacha [sic] cesia Lesson, Revue Zoologique, ann. 2, June 1839, p. 167 (Sumatra). Range: The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. 192 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Philentoma pyrhopterum pyrhopterum (Temminck) Muscicapa pyrhoptera Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 101,] vol. 3, 1836, pl. 596, fig. 1, and text (‘.. . . parties méridionales des files de Bornéo et de Sumatra’’; type locality restricted to Borneo, by Hartert, Nov. Zool., vol. 9, 1902, p. 553). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus RHIPIDURA Vigors and Horsfield Rhipidura hypoxantha Blyth Rhipidura hypoxantha Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 12, pt. 2, No. 1438, [not earlier than December?] 1843, p. 935 (Darjeeling, Darjeeling District, Bengal State, India). Range: High mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Rhipidura albicollis celsa Riley Rhipidura albicollis celsa Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 42, No. 16, May 29, 1929, p. 166 (Doi Khun Tan [lat. 18°30’ N., long. 99°20’ E.], Lamphun Province, Thailand). Range: Mountains of the northern plateau, the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau, and the western provinces south to southern Tak. Rhipidura albicollis atrata Salvadori Rhipidura atrata Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, vol. 14, Apr. 22, 1879, p. 204 (Mount Singgalang [lat. 0°24’ S., long. 100°20’ E.], Sumatra). Range: Mountains of the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Nakhon Si Thammarat). Rhipidura aureola burmanica (Hume) [Leucocerca] burmanica Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 9, Nos. 1 to 3, August 1880, p. 175, footnote (“. . . western half of the Thoungyeen valley,” Salween District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: The northern plateau (Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai, Phrae), the northwestern portion of the central plains (Sukhothai, Kamphaeng Phet), and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Rhipidura perlata 5S. Miiller Rhipidura perlata S. Miiller, Verhandelingen over de natuurlijke Geschiedenis der Nederlandsche overzeesche bezittingen . . . THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 193 Land- en Volkenkunde, pts. 6 & 7, 1843, p. 185, footnote (Sumatra). Range: Reported only from the southern peninsular provinces (Trang). Rhipidura javanica longicauda Wallace Rhipidura longicauda Wallace, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, for 1865, pt. 2, October 1865, p. 476 (Sumatra). Range: The southeastern provinces (Chon Buri), the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces from Kamphaeng Phet to the extreme South. Genus HYPOTHYMIS Boie Hypothymis azurea montana Riley Hypothymis azurea montana Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 42, No. 16, May 29, 1929, p. 165 (Muang Chiang Mai flat. 18°45’ N., long. 99°00’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the northern portion of the central plains, and the western provinces south to Kanchanaburi. Hypothymis azurea galerita (Deignan) Monarcha azurea galerita Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 69, No. 36, Dec. 31, 1956, p. 210 (Ko Kut flat. 11°40’ N.., long. 102°35’ E.], Trat Province, Thailand). Range: Coastal regions of the southeastern provinces, of the central plains (Bangkok), and of the northern peninsular provinces (Prachuap Khiri Khan). Hypothymis azurea prophata Oberholser Hypothymis azurea prophata Oberholser, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 39, No. 1803, Feb. 25, 1911, p. 597 (Great Karimon flat. 1°03’ N., long 103°22’ E.], Sumatra). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus TERPSIPHONE Gloger Terpsiphone atrocaudata atrocaudata (Kyton) Muscipeta atrocaudata Eyton, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 7, No. 78, November 1839, p. 102 ([Malaya]). Terpsiphone sababensis Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 47, No. 27, July 23, 1934, p. 155 (Khao Sa Bap [lat. 12°35’ N., 194 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 long. 102°15’ E.], Chanthaburi Province, Thailand). Melanis- tic variety! Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the southeastern provinces (Chanthaburi). Terpsiphone paradisi incei (Gould) Muscipeta Incei Gould, The birds of Asia, vol. 2, pt. 4, November 1852, pl. 19 and text (Shanghai, Kiangsu Province, China). Range: A visitor from the Northeast, reported on migration or in winter from the eastern portion of the northern plateau (Phrae, Nan), the eastern plateau (Loei, Nakhon Ratchasima), the south- eastern provinces (Chon Buri), the central plains (Bangkok, Kam- phaeng Phet), and the western and peninsular provinces from Kan- chanaburi to the extreme South. Terpsiphone paradisi saturatior (Salomonsen) Tchitrea affinis saturatior Salomonsen, Ibis, ser. 13, vol. 3, No. 4, Oct. 10, 1933, p. 732 (Buxa Duar, Jalpaiguri District, Bengal State, India). Range: A visitor from the Northwest, reported on migration or in winter from the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra. Terpsiphone paradisi indochinensis (Salomonsen) Tchitrea affinis indochinensis Salomonsen, Ibis, ser. 13, vol. 3, No. 4, Oct. 10, 1933, p. 734 (Angkor Wat flat. 13°25’ N., long. 103°52’ E.], Siemreap Province, Cambodia). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, and the western and peninsular provinces from Kanchanaburi to the extreme South (white males reported only from the southeastern provinces and the peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan southward). Subfamily PACH Y CEPHALINAE Genus PACH YCEPHALA Vigors Pachycephala cinerea cinerea (Blyth) Mluscitrea]. cinerea Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 16, pt. 1, [not earlier than February ] 1847, p. 122 (Ramree Island, Kyaukpyu District, Arakan Division, Burma). Range: Mangroves of the western coast and its offshore islets from the Isthmus of Kra to Satun. Pachycephala cinerea vandepolli Finsch Pachycephala Vandepolli Finsch, Notes from the Leyden Museum, vol. 20, Note 32, February 1899, p. 224 (Pulau Tello [lat. 0°04’ S., long. 98°16’ E.], Batu Group, Barussan Islands). Range: Mangroves of the eastern coast and its offshore islets from Trat to Narathiwat. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 195 Family MOTACILLIDAE Genus MOTACILLA Linnaeus Motacilla alba ocularis Swinhoe Motacilla ocularis Swinhoe, Ibis, vol. 2, No. 5, January 1860, p. 55 (Amoy, Fukien Province, China). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chiang Mai, Lampang, Uttaradit), the eastern plateau (Phetchabun, Loei, Nong Khai, Ubon), and the central plains (Nakhon Sawan). Motacilla alba baicalensis Swinhoe Motacilla baicalensis Swinhoe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, for 1871, pt. 2, Otober 1871, p. 363 (‘Eastern Asia’’; type specimen from Lake Baikal, fide Bowdler Sharpe, Catalogue of the birds in the British Museum, vol. 10, 1885, pp. 470, 471). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chiang Mai, Lampang) and the eastern plateau (Nakhon Ratchasima, Ubon). Motacilla alba leucopsis Gould Motacilla leucopsis Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 5, No. 55, Jan. 22, 1838, p. 78 (India). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus and the central plains. Motacilla alba alboides Hodgson [Motacilla| Alboides Hodgson, Asiatic Researches, vol. 19, pt. 1, [not earlier than September] 1836, p. 191 (no locality given= Nepal). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (sand bars of the Mae Khong and the Salween). Motacilla caspica melanope Pallas Motacilla Melanope Pallas, Reise durch verschiedene Provinzen des russischen Reichs, vol. 3, 1776, p. 696 (‘in Dauuria circa ripas glareosas rarius occurrit, neque in occidentalioribus visa,”’ Russian SFSR). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular prov- inces south to Trang. 196 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Motacilla flava taivana (Swinhoe) Budytes tawana Swinhoe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, for 1863, pt. 2, August 1863, pp. 274 [descr.], 334 [name, in list] (Formosa). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the central plains (Bangkok) and the peninsular prov- inces (Prachuap Khiri Khan). Motacilla flava macronyx (Stresemann) Budytes flavus macronyx Stresemann, Avifauna macedonica, July 1920, p. 76 (Vladivostok, Maritime Territory, Russian SFSR). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the central plains, and the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Phangnga, Trang, Pattani). Motacilla flava angarensis (Sushkin) [Budytes flava] angarensis Sushkin, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 38, No. 1, August 1925, p. 33 (‘Village Sharagolskaia, Transbaikalia,”’ Russian SFSR). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the central plains, and the peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan south to Krabi. Motacilla citreola citreola Pallas Motacilla citreola Pallas, Reise durch verschiedene Provinzen des russischen Reichs, vol. 3, 1776, p. 696 (“in Sibiria orientaliore frequens, rarior minorque in Russia’’). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chiang Mai). Genus DENDRONANTHUS Blyth Dendronanthus indicus (Gmelin) [Motacilla] indica Gmelin, Caroli a Linné . . . Systema naturae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 2, 1789, p. 962 (India, ex Sonnerat and Latham). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provy- inces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Trang. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 197 Genus ANTHUS Bechstein Anthus hodgsoni yunnanensis Uchida and Kuroda Anthus maculatus yunnanensis Uchida and Kuroda, Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses, vol. 9, pt. 2, June 1916, pp. [133, nomen nudum!], 134 (Mengtsz [lat. 23°23’ N., long. 103°27’ E.], Yun- nan Province, China). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces (southern Tak, Kanchana- buri, Prachuap Khiri Khan, Trang). Anthus hodgsoni hodgsoni Richmond Anthus hodgsoni Richmond, in Blackwelder, Carnegie Institution of Washington Publ. No. 54, Research in China, vol. 1, pt. 2, July 24, 1907, p. 493. New name for [Pipastes] maculatus “Hodgson” Jerdon, The birds of India, vol. 2, pt. 1, 1863, pp. 228-229 [descer.], vol. 3, 1864, p. 873 [name] (India), not [Mota- cilla] maculata Gmelin, 1789. Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Nan) and the eastern plateau (Loei, Nong Khai, Sakon Nakhon, Nakhon Ratchasima). Anthus novae-seelandiae richardi Vieillot Anthus Richardi Vieillot, Noveau dictionnaire d’histoire na- turelle, nouv. éd., tome 26, December 1818, p. 491 (France). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the central plains, and the peninsular provinces south to the Isthmus of Kra. Anthus novae-seelandiae sinensis (Bonaparte) Clorydalla]. sinensis Bonaparte, Conspectus generum avium, tom. 1, pars 1, June 24, 1850, p. 247 (“China mer{fidionalis].’’). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the eastern portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Phrae), the eastern plateau, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Anthus novae-seelandiae rufulus Vieillot Anthus rufulus Vieillot, Nouveau dictionnaire d’histoire na- turelle, nouv. éd., tome 26, December 1818, p. 494 (Bengal State, India). Range: The northern plateau, the coastal regions of the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. 198 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Anthus novae-seelandiae malayensis Eyton Anthus Malayensis Eyton, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 7, No. 78, November 1839, p. 104 ({[Malaya]). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Anthus cervinus (Pallas) Motacilla Cervina Pallas, Zoographia rosso-asiatica, tom. 1, 1811, p. 511 (“. . . in Sibiria tantum maxime orientali . . .’’). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the central plains, and the peninsular provinces south to the Isthmus of Kra. Fi amily ARTAMIDAE Genus ARTAMUS Vieillot Artamus fuscus Vieillot Artamus fuscus Vieillot, Nouveau dictionnaire d’histoire na- turelle, nouv. éd., tome 17, December 1817, p. 297 (Bengal State, India). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces (Chon Buri), the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Fi amily LANITDAE Genus LANIUS Linnaeus Lanius cristatus cristatus Linnaeus [Lanius] cristatus Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 93 (Bengal State, India). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from all parts of the northern plateau, the southeastern provinces (Chanthaburi), and the central plains (Kamphaeng Phet). Lanius cristatus confusus Stegmann Lanius cristatus confusus Stegmann, Journ. fiir Orn., jahrg. 77, hft. 2, Apr. 29, 1929, p. 248 (Kumara, Khabarovsk Territory, Russian SFSR). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan), the eastern plateau, the southern portion of the central plains, and the peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 199 Lanius cristatus superciliosus Latham Lianius]. Superciliosus Latham, Index ornithologicus, suppl., 1801, p. xx (Jakarta, Java). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the southernmost peninsular provinces (Narathiwat). Lanius cristatus lucionensis Linnaeus [Lanius] lucionensis Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 12, tom. 1, 1766, p. 135 (Luzén Island, Philippine Islands). Range: A visitor from the Northeast, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Lamphun). Lanius tigrinus Drapiez Lanius tigrinus Drapiez, in Dictionnaire classique d’histoire naturelle, éd. Bory de Saint-Vincent, tome 13, 1828, p. 523 (Java). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the norther plateau (Lamphun, Phrae), the central plains (Bangkok), and the peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. Lanius collurioides collurioides Lesson Lanius collurioides Lesson, in Bélanger, Voyage aux Indes-Orien- tales . . . Zoologie, pt. 4, August 1832, p. 250 (Pegu Division, Burma). Lanius hypoleucus siamensis Gyldenstolpe, Orn. Monatsb., jahrg. 24, No. 2, February 1916, p. 28 (Prachuap Khiri Khan Tlat. 11°50’ N., long. 99°50’ E.], Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Thailand). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, and the western and peninsular provinces from Kanchanaburi to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Lanius tephronotus (Vigors) Collurio tephronotus Vigors, Proc. Comm. Sci. Corr. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 1, No. 4, Apr. 6, 1831, p. 43 (Himalayas; type locality restricted to Gyangtse, Tibet, by Stuart Baker, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. 27, No. 4, 1921, p. 698, and corrected to ‘Foothills of the Himalayas near Darjeeling [Darjeeling District, Bengal State, India], where breeding birds of the Gyantse district may be expected to winter,” by Mayr, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. 47, No. 1, 1947, p. 127). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Phrae). 546—019—63——_14 900 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Lanius nasutus tricolor Hodgson [Lanius] Tricolor Hodgson, India Review and Journal of Foreign Science and the Arts, vol. 1, No. 10, January 1837, p. 446 (Nepal). Range: Reported only from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Nan). Lanius nasutus longicaudatus Ogilvie-Grant Lanius longicaudatus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 27, August 1859, p. 151 (Thailand). Nomen nudum! Lanius nigriceps subsp. longicaudatus Ogilvie-Grant, Nov. Zool. vol. 9, No. 3, Dec. 16, 1902, p. 480 (Thailand; type locality restricted to Bangkok [lat. 13°45’ N., long. 100°30’ E.], by Stuart Baker, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. 27, No. 4, 1921, p. 692. Lanius nigriceps schomburgki Kinnear, Ibis, ser. 14, vol. 4, No. 4, Oct. 11, 1940, p. 729. New name for Lanius nigriceps subsp. longicaudatus Ogilvie-Grant, Nov. Zool., vol. 9, No. 3, Dec. 16, 1902, p. 480 (Thailand), considered unavailable because derived from Lanius longicaudatus Gould, 1859, nomen nudum, placed in synonymy with [Lanius] schach Linnaeus, 1758, by Gadow, Catalogue of the birds in the British Museum, vol. 8, 1883, p. 262. Range: The southeastern provinces (Chon Buri) and the central plains. Family STURNIDAE Genus APLONIS Gould Aplonis panayensis strigatus (Horsfield) Turdus strigatus Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 1, May 1821, p. 148 (Java). Lamprocoraz panayensis halictypus Oberholser, Journ. Washing- ton Acad. Sci., vol. 16, No. 19, Nov. 18, 1926, p. 516 (Ko Libong [lat. 7°15’ N., long. 99°25’ E.J, Trang Province, Thai- land). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus SAROGLOSSA Hodgson Saroglossa spiloptera (Vigors) Lamprotornis spilopterus Vigors, Proc. Comm. Sci. Corr. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 1, No. 3, March 2, 1831, p. 35 (Himalayas; type locality restricted to “the district Simla-Almora,’’ Hima- chal Pradesh State, India, by Ticehurst and Whistler, Ibis, 1924, p. 471). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 201 Range: Reported only from the southwestern provinces (southern Tak). Genus STURNUS Linnaeus Sturnus malabaricus nemoricola (Jerdon) Sturnia nemoricola Jerdon, Ibis, vol. 4, No. 13, January 1862, p. 22 (Thayetmyo, Thayetmyo District, Magwe Division, Burma). Range: Reported, mainly on migration or in winter, from the northern and eastern plateaus, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Sturnus sinensis (Gmelin) [Oriolus] sinensis Gmelin, Caroli a Linné . . . Systema naturae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 1, 1788, p. 394 (China). Range: A visitor from the Northeast, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Lampang), the eastern plateau, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Nakhon Si Thammarat. Sturnus sturninus (Pallas) Gracula sturnina Pallas, Reise durch verschiedene Provinzen des russischen Reichs, vol. 3, 1776, pp. 210, 695 (‘“‘in salicetis Dauuriae australioris, circa Ononem et Argunum,’ Chita Province, Russian SFSR). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the southeastern provinces, the southern portion of the central plains, and the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra. Sturnus contra floweri (Bowdler Sharpe) Sturnopastor floweri Bowdler Sharpe, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 7, No. 48, Nov. 29, 1897, p. xvii (‘“‘Pachim’’=Prachin Buri flat. 14°05’ N., long. 101°25’ E.], and ‘‘Tahkamen’’=Ban Prachantakham [lat. 14°05’ N., long 101°30’ E.], Prachin Buri Province, Thailand). Range: The northern plateau, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Sturnus nigricollis (von Paykull) Gracula nigricollis von Paykull, Kongl. [Svenska] Vet. Akad. Handl., band 28, [not earlier than January] 1808, p. 291, pl. 9 (Canton, Kwangtung Province, China). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. 202 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Sturnus burmannicus leucocephalus (Giglioli and Salvadori) Acridotheres leucocephalus Giglioli and Salvadori, Atti Accad. Sci. Torino, vol. 5, disp. 3, Jan. 2, 1870, p. 273 (Thuduc [lat. 10°51’ N., long. 106°45’ E.], Giadinh Province, Cochin-China), Sturnia incognita Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 8, Nos. 2-5, October 1879, p. 396 (“between our [Tenasserim] Frontier and Bangkok in Siam’’). Range: The eastern plateau, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces from Tak south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Sturnus tristis tristis (Linnaeus) [Paradisea] tristis Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 12, tom. 1, 1766, p. 167 (“an Philippinis,” error; type locality altered to Calcutta, Bengal State, India, by Stuart Baker, The fauna of British India, Birds, ed. 2, vol. 3, 1926, p. 53, and corrected to Pondicherry, Madras State, by Stresemann, Ibis, vol. 94, 1952, p. 515). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Phatthalung and possibly farther. Sturnus javanicus grandis (Moore) Aleridotheres|. grandis Moore, in Horsfield and Moore, Catalogue of the birds in the Museum of the Hon. East-India Company, vol. 2, 1858, p. 537 (Sumatra, error; type locality altered to Tenasserim Division, Burma, by Stuart Baker, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. 27, 1921, p. 702, error, and corrected to Bangkok [lat. 13°45’ N., long. 100°30’ E.], Thailand, by Deig- nan, U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 186, 1945, p. 526). Alcridotheres]. siamensis Swinhoe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, for 1863, pt. 2, August 1863, p. 303 (Thailand; type locality re- stricted to Bangkok, by Deignan, U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 186, 1945, p. 527). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Sturnus mahrattensis torquatus (Davison) Acridotheres torquatus Davison, Ibis, ser. 6, vol. 4, No. 13, January 1892, p. 102 (Kampong Pulau Tawar [lat. 3°53’ N., long. 102°26’ E.], Pahang State, Malaya). Range: 'The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 203 Genus AMPELICEPS Blyth Ampeliceps coronatus Blyth A[mpeliceps]. coronatus Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 11, pt. 1, No. 122, [not earlier than March] 1842, p. 194 (Tenas- serim Division, Lower Burma). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Trang. Genus GRACULA Linnaeus Gracula religiosa intermedia Hay [Gracula] intermedius [sic] Hay, Madras Journal of Literature and Science, vol. 13, pt. 2, No. 31, [not earlier than Aug. 9,] 1845, p. 157 (“Northern India and Arracan’’; type locality infer- entially restricted to “N. India,” by Wardlaw Ramsay, in The ornithological works of Arthur, Ninth Marquis of Tweed- dale, 1881, p. 666, and further restricted to Cachar District, Assam State, India, apud Stuart Baker, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. 27, 1921, p. 698). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, and the western and peninsular provinces south to the Isthmus of Kra. Gracula religiosa religiosa Linnaeus [Gracula] religiosa Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 108 (Asia; type locality restricted to Java, ex Osbeck and Bontius [ef. Oberholser, U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 159, 1932, pp. 92-93]). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Family NECTARINITIDAE Genus ANTHREPTES Swainson Anthreptes simplex (S. Miiller) Nectarinia simplex S. Miiller, Verhandelingen over de natuurlijke Geschiedenis der Nederlandsche Overzeesche Bezittingen . . . Land- en Volkenkunde, pts. 6 & 7, 1843, p. 173, footnote (Sumatra and Borneo). Range: The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. 204 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Anthreptes malacensis malacensis (Scopoli) Certhia (malacensis) Scopoli, Deliciae florae et faunae Insubricae, pars 2, 1786, p. 91 (Malacca, ex Sonnerat). Range: The southeastern provinces, the central plains (north to Phetchabun and Kamphaeng Phet), and the peninsular provinces to the extreme South. Anthreptes rhodolaema rhodolaema Shelley Anthreptes rhodolema Shelley, A monograph of the Nectariniidae or family of sun-birds, pt. 6, Feb. 5, 1878, p. [813], pl. [102], upper fig. (“Malacca and Sumatra”’; type locality restricted to Malacca, by Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 47, 1934, p. 116). Range: Reported only from the southern peninsular provinces (Trang). Anthreptes singalensis assamensis (Boden Kloss) Chalcoparia singalensis assamensis Boden Kloss, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 50, No. 341, May 7, 1930, p. 70. New name for ‘‘Chalcoparia singalensis lepida (Latham)” Stuart Baker, The fauna of British India, Birds, ed. 2, vol. 3, Mar. 16, 1926 (“India, now restricted to Cachar [District, Assam State]’’), ex [Certhia] lepida Latham, 1790, not Certhia lepida Sparrman, 1787. Range: Reported from all the provinces of the northern plateau. Anthreptes singalensis koratensis (Boden Kloss) Chalcoparia singalensis koratensis Boden Kloss, Ibis, ser. 10, vol. 6, No. 2, Apr. 9, 1918, p. 218 (Sathani Lat Bua Khao [lat. 14°50’ N., long. 101°35’ E.J], Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand). Anthreptes singalensis stellae Deignan, Zoologica, vol. 35, pt. 2, No. 8, Aug. 1, 1950, p. 128 (Khao Saming [lat. 12°21’ N., long. 102°27’ E.], Trat Province, Thailand). Range: The whole of the eastern plateau and the southeastern provinces. Anthreptes singalensis internota Deignan. Anthreptes singalensis internotus [sic] Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 68, No. 23, Oct. 31, 1955, p. 147 (Ban Khlua Klang [about lat. 11°38’ N., long. 99°36’ E.], Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Thailand). Range: The southwestern and peninsular provinces from Kanchana- buri south to Prachuap Khiri Khan, and eastward across the southern portion of the central plains to Ayutthaya and Bangkok. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 205 Anthreptes singalensis interposita (Robinson and Boden Kloss) Chalcoparia singalensis interposita Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Federated Malay States Mus., vol. 10, pt. 3, June 1921, p. 209 (Ban Takua Pa [lat. 8°50’ N., long. 98°20’ E.], Phangnga Province, and Ban Khok Klap=Ban Na [lat. 8°53’ N., long. 99°17’ E.], Surat Thani Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus HYPOGRAMMA Reichenbach Hypogramma hypogrammicum lisettae (Delacour) Anthreptes hypogrammica lisettae Delacour, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 47, No. 308, Nov. 6, 1926, p. 22 (Col des Nuages [lat. 16°11’ N., long. 108°08’ E.], Annam). Range: Reported only from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai, Nan). Hypogramma hypogrammicum nuchale (Blyth) Anthr[eptes|. nuchalis Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 12, pt. 2, No. 143, [not earlier than December ?] 1843, p. 980 (Singapore Island, Malaya.) Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus NECTARINIA Illger Nectarinia sperata brasiliana (Gmelin) [Certhia] brasiliana Gmelin, Caroli a Linné .. . Systema naturae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars. 1, 1788, p. 474 (“‘Brasilia,” error; type locality corrected to Java, by Oberholser, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 60, No. 7, 1912, p. 18, footnote 2). Range: The southeastern provinces, the southern portion of the central plains (Nakhon Nayok, Samut Sakhon), and the peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Nectarinia calcostetha calcostetha Jardine Niectarinia]. calcostetha Jardine, The natural history of the Nectariniadae, or sun-birds [The naturalist’s library, vol. 36], 1843, p. 263 (‘“E. Ind. Islands?”’; type locality restricted to Java, by Oberholser, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 13, 1923, p. 229). Range: Coastal regions of the southeastern provinces (Chanthaburi) and the western shores of the Peninsula. 206 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Nectarinia jugularis flammaxillaris Blyth Nlectarinia]. flammazillaris Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 14, pt. 2, No. 164, [not earlier than Aug. 29,] 1845, p. 557. New name for ‘‘Nlectarinia]. jugularis Vieillot, apud Jardine” Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 12, pt. 2, 1843, p. 979 (‘the Tenasserim provinces”), not ([Certhia| jugularis Linnaeus, 1766. Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces to the extreme South. Nectarinia asiatica intermedia (Hume) A{rachnechthra|. intermedia Hume, Ibis, ser. 2, vol. 6, No. 23, July 1870, p. 436 (Tippera District, Bengal State, East Paki- stan). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Genus AETHOPYGA Cabanis Aethopyga gouldiae dabryii (J. Verreaux) Nectarinia Dabryii J. Verreaux, Rev. Mag. Zool., sér. 2, tome 19, May 1867, p. 173, pl. 15 (“Je nord de la Chine”; type locality corrected to “the hills above Ta-tsien-leou, which border the eastern [sic] boundary of the Chinese province of Sechnen [sic],’’ by Sclater, Ibis, ser. 2, vol. 6, 1870, p. 297 [cf. Deignan, Auk, vol. 61, 1944, pp. 133-135)). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Lamphun). Aethopyga nipalensis angkanensis Riley Aethopyga nipalensis angkanensis Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash- ington, vol. 42, No. 15, May 3, 1929, p. 162 (Doi Ang Ka=Doi Inthanon [lat. 18°35’ N., long. 98°30’ E.], Chiang Mai Prov- ince, Thailand). Range: Reported only from high mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (summit of Doi Ang Ka). Aethopyga nipalensis australis Robinson and Boden Kloss Athopyga nipalensis australis Robinson and Boden Kloss, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 44, No. 281, Nov. 5, 1923, p. 14 (Khao Luang [lat. 8°30’ N., long. 99°45’ E.], Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from high mountains of the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Nakhon Si Thammarat). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 207 Aethopyga saturata galenae Deignan Aethopyga saturata galenae Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 38, No. 1, Jan. 15, 1948, p. 22 (Doi Langka= Khao Pha Cho [lat. 19°00’ N., long. 99°25’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: Mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Lamphun, Lampang). Aethopyga saturata petersi Deignan Aethopyga saturata petersi Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 38, No. 1, Jan. 15, 1948, p. 22 (Pa Kha [lat. 22°32’ N., long. 104°18’ E.], Laokay Province, Tongking). Range: The eastern portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Nan) and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Aethopyga saturata anomala Richmond Aithopyga anomala Richmond, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 22, No. 1201, May 12, 1900, p. 319 (Khao Sung [lat. 7°32’ N., long. 99°50’ E.], Trang Province, Thailand). Range: Mountains of the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Trang). Aethopyga siparaja seheriae (Tickell) Necterinia [sic] Seheriz Tickell, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 2, No. 23, November 1833, p. 577 (Seheria, Manbhum District, Bihar State, India). Range: Reported from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai). Aethopyga siparaja cara Hume Ai{thopyga|. cara Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 2, No. 6, October 1874, p. 473, footnote (‘south of Moulmein,” Tenasserim Division, Lower Burma). Range: The eastern portion of the northern plateau (Phrae, Nan), the eastern plateau (Sakon Nakhon, Nakhon Ratchasima), the south- eastern provinces, and the central plains south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Aethopyga siparaja mangini Delacour and Jabouille Aithopyga siparaja mangini Delacour and Jabouille, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 45, No. 291, Dec. 5, 1924, p. 34 (Lao Bao flat. 16°36’ N., long. 106°36’ E.], Quang Tri Province, Annam). Range: Reported from the easternmost portion of the eastern plateau (Ubon) and the easternmost portion of the central plains (Prachin Buri, at the Cambodian border). 208 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Aethopyga siparaja trangensis Meyer de Schauensee Aethopyga siparaja trangensis Meyer de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 98, May 17, 1946, p. 79 (Khao Phanom Bencha [lat. 8°15’ N., long. 98°55’ E.J, Trang Province, Thailand). Range: Evergreen forests of the southwestern and peninsular prov- inces from Kanchanaburi southward to Satun. Aethopyga siparaja siparaja (Raffles) Certhia Siparaja Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 2, [not earlier than November] 1822, p. 299 (Sumatra). Range: Reported only from the southernmost peninsular provinces (Narathiwat). Aethopyga mystacalis temminckii (S. Miiller) Nectarina Temminckii S. Miiller, Verhandelingen over de Na- tuurlijke Geschiedenis der Nederlandsche Overzeesche Be- zittingen . . . Land- en Volkenkunde, pts. 6 & 7, 1843, p. 173, footnote (Mount Singgalang [lat. 0°24’ S., long. 100°20’ E.], Sumatra). Range: Reported only from the southern peninsular provinces (Trang). Genus ARACHNOTHERA Temminck Arachnothera longirostra longirostra (Latham) [Certhia| longirostra Latham, Index ornithologicus, tom. 1, 1790, p. 299 (‘‘Bengala’”’; type locality here restricted to Tippera District, Bengal State, Pakistan). Range: The western provinces from Chiang Mai southward to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Arachnothera longirostra sordida La Touche Arachnothera longirostris [sic] sordida La Touche, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 42, No. 263, Nov. 29, 1921, p. 32 (Hokow, Yunnan Province, China). Range: The eastern portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Phayao, Nan) and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Arachnothera longirostra pallida Delacour Arachnothera longirostris [sic] pallida Delacour, L’Oiseau et la Revue Frangaise d’Ornithologie, nouv. sér., vol. 2, No. 3, July 10, 1932, p. 431 (Pakse [lat. 15°07’ N., long. 105°47’ E.], Bassac Province, Laos). Range: Reported only from the southeastern provinces. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 209 Arachnothera longirostra cinireicollis (Vieillot) Cinnyris cinireicollis Vieillot, Nouveau dictionnaire d’histoire naturelle, nouv. éd., tome 31, September 1819, p. 502 (‘‘Son pays ne m’est pas connu’’; type specimen from Malacca, fide Chasen, A handlist of Malaysian birds, 1935, p. 281). Arachnothera longirostris [sic] antelia Oberholser, Journ. Wash- ington Acad. Sci., vol. 13, No. 11, June 4, 1923, p. 227 (Trang Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Arachnothera crassirostris (Reichenbach) A{rachnocestra]. crassirostris Reichenbach, Handbuch der speciel- len Ornithologie, continuatio No. 11, Scansoriae, Aug. 1, 1853, p. 314, No. 741, pl. 529, No. 4016 (‘Ich erhielt sie nebst anderen unbestimmten indischen Végeln, ohne eine bestimmtere Angabe ihres Vaterlandes zu finden’’; type locality restricted to “Settle- ment of Malacca,’”’ by Robinson, Birds of the Malay Peninsula, vol. 2, 1928, p. 297). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Arachnothera robusta robusta 8. Miiller and Schlegel Arachnothera robusta S. Miiller and Schlegel, Verhandelingen over de natuurlijke Geschiedenis der Nederlandsche Overzeesche Bezittingen . . . Zoologie (Aves), 1845, p. 68, pl. 11, fig. 1 (Sumatra). Range: Reported only from the southern peninsular provinces (Trang). Arachnothera flavigaster (Eyton) Anthreptes flavigaster Eyton, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 7, No. 78, November 1839, p. 105 ([Malaya)]). Range: The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. Arachnothera chrysogenys chrysogenys (Temminck) Nectarinia chrysogenys Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 65,] vol. 4, May 1826, pl. 388, fig. 1, and text (‘. . . Java, dans le district sauvage et boisé de Bantam’). Arachnothera chrysogenys intensiflava Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 46, No. 299, Nov. 4, 1925, p. 14 (Ban Krasom flat. 8°25’ N., long. 98°25’ E.], Phangnga Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. 210 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Arachnothera affinis caena Deignan Arachnothera affinis caena Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 69, No. 36, Dec. 31, 1956, p. 210 (Ban Hin Laem [lat. 14°40’ N., long. 98°40’ E.], Kanchanaburi Province, Thailand). Range: The evergreen forest of the southwestern and northern peninsular provinces (Kanchanaburi, Prachuap Khiri Khan). Arachnothera affinis modesta (Eyton) Anthreptes modesta Eyton, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 7, No. 78, November 1839, p. 105 ({[Malaya]). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Arachnothera magna musarum Deignan Arachnothera magna musarum Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washing- ton, vol. 69, No. 36, Dec. 31, 1956, p. 210 (Doi Phu Kha [lat. 19°05’ N., long. 101°05’ E.], Nan Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the evergreen forests of the northern plateau. Arachnothera magna pagodarum Deignan Arachnothera magna pagodarum Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash- ington, vol. 69, No. 36, Dee. 31, 1956, p. 211 (Ban Hin Laem [lat. 14°40’ N., long. 98°40’ E.], Kanchanaburi Province, Thailand). Range: The evergreen forest of the southwestern provinces (south- ern Tak, Kanchanaburi). Family DICAEIDAE Genus PRIONOCHILUS Strickland Prionochilus thoracicus (Temminck) Pardalotus thoracicus Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 101,] vol. 3, 1836, pl. 600, fig. 1, 2, and text (Borneo). Range: Reported only from the southern peninsular provinces (Phatthalung). Prionochilus maculatus septentrionalis Robinson and Boden Kloss Prionochilus maculatus septentrionalis Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Federated Malay States, vol. 10, pt. 3, June 1921, p. 206 (Ban Tha San [lat. 10°30’ N., long. 98°55’ E.], Ranong Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Trang. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 211 Prionochilus maculatus oblitus (Mayr) Anaimos maculatus oblitus Mayr, Bull. Raffles Mus., No. 14, Sept. 22, 1938, p. 42 (Semangko Pass, Selangor-Pahang bound- ary, Malaya). Range: Reported from the southernmost peninsular provinces (Pattani, Narathiwat). Prionochilus percussus ignicapillus (Eyton) Diceum ignicapilla [sic] Eyton, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 7, No. 78, November 1839, p. 105 ((Malaya]). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus DICAEUM Cuvier Dicaeum agile pallescens (Riley) Piprisoma modesta [sic] pallescens Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash- ington, vol. 48, No. 29, Oct. 31, 1935, p. 148 (Ban Pak Chong [lat. 14°40’ N., long. 101°25’ E.], Nakhon Ratchasima Prov- ince, Thailand). Range: The eastern portion of the northern plateau (Lampang, Phrae, Nan), the southwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Nakhon Ratchasima, Sara Buri), the central plains (Bangkok), and the south- western provinces (Kanchanaburi). Dicaeum agile separabile Deignan Dicaeum agile separabile Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 69, No. 36, Dec. 31, 1956, p. 211 (Dalat [lat. 11°55’ N., long. 108°26’ E.], Haut-Donai Province, Annam). Range: Reported only from the southeastern portion of the eastern plateau (Ubon). Dicaeum agile modestum (Hume) Prionochilus modestus Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 3, No. 4, May 1875, p. 298 (‘‘S. Tenasserim’’; specimens from Mergui and Maliwun, Mergui District, Tenasserim Division, Burma, fide Hume and Davison, Stray Feathers, vol. 6, 1878, p. 200). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Trang. Dicaeum chrysorrheum chrysochlore Blyth Diczum chrysochlore Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 12, pt. 2, No. 148, [not earlier than December?] 1843, p. 1009 (Arakan Division, Burma). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. 212 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Dicaeum chrysorrheum chrysorrheum Temminck Diceum |sic] chrysorrheum Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 80,] vol. 4, September 1829, pl. 478, fig. 1, and text (Java). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Dicaeum melanozanthum (Blyth) Plachyglossa]. melanozantha ‘Hodgson’ Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 12, pt. 2, No. 143, [not earlier than December?] 1843, p. 1010 (Nepal). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Dicaeum trigonostigma rubropygium Stuart Baker Diczeum trigonostigma rubropygium Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 41, No. 259, Apr. 27, 1921, p. 108 (Mergui, Mergui District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: The western peninsular provinces from Ranong